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1、chapter7 chapter7 International Trade Terms and International Trade Terms and CustomsCustoms国际贸易术语与国际贸易惯例国际贸易术语与国际贸易惯例Trade Terms and CustomsFOB,CFR and CIFFCA,CPT and CIPEXW and FASDAT,DAP and DDPCase studyAppendixDefinitions and functions of international trade terms 概念与作用概念与作用DefinitionTrade term
2、s,also called price terms or price conditions,are abbreviations of letters or words specifying specific certain liabilities,costs and risks between the seller and buyer.Functionsimplify dealing procedures improving efficiencyLesson 1International trade customs 国际贸易惯例国际贸易惯例Definition 概念universally re
3、cognized customary ways of doing business and explanation evolving in the long process of trade development and has been compiled by relative international organizations into rules and regulations which are acquainted,recognized and adopted by many trading organizations in most countries.Lesson 1Int
4、ernational trade customs 国际贸易惯例国际贸易惯例Nature 性质not compulsory 不具有法律强制性both parties are subject to it 约束双方binding force 约束力contract to be followed if conflict exist 合同优先different clause could be made 契约至上契约自由 Lesson 1International trade customs 国际贸易惯例国际贸易惯例Three main international rules 三个主要惯例“WARSAW-
5、OXFORD RULES 1932”1932年华沙牛津规则Revised American foreign trade definition 1941 1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本INCOTERMS 2010 2010年国际贸易术语解释通则Lesson 1INCOTERMSINCOTERMS 2010 201020102010年国际贸易术语解释通则年国际贸易术语解释通则Feature 特点most widely used international practicesmost influential international practicesmost important interna
6、tional practicespublished by ICCall trade terms in this textbook are subject to itINCOTERMSINCOTERMS 2010 201020102010年国际贸易术语解释通则年国际贸易术语解释通则Update of INCOTERMS 通则的更新 INCOTERMS 1990 consists 13 trade rulesINCOTERMS 2000 groups the 13 rules into 4 categoriesINCOTERMS 2010 updates and consolidates the
7、delivered rules，reducing the total number of rules from 13 to 11.INCOTERMSINCOTERMS 2010 201020102010年国际贸易术语解释通则年国际贸易术语解释通则INCOTERMS 2010 presents 11 rules in two distinct classes:Rules for any mode or modes of transportation适用于任何运输方式或多种运输方式的术语EXW、FCA、CPT、CIP、DAT、DAP and DDPRules for sea and inland
8、waterway transportation适用于海运及内河水运的术语 FAS、FOB、CFR and CIFAmong the 11 trade terms,FOB,CFR and CIF are the most commonly used terms.Nowadays,they are used as trade terms for symbolic delivery.Symbolic delivery creates a new epoch of international trade.FOB,CFR and CIF are classified into one group as
9、they are alike in characters.Lesson 2 FOB,CFR and CIFSimilar characters 共同规律Used for port-to-port waterway transportationPlace of delivery-on board a ship in the export countryRisks on seller until the goods are on board the vessel in the export countryDocuments is the core of selling and buying Ris
10、ks transferred to buyer once the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel.Shipment contracts,the seller assure punctual shipment but and disregard arriving time.Lesson 2 FOB,CFR and CIFFOBFOBFree on Board Free on Board Free on Board Free on Board（named port of shipment)named port of shipment)na
11、med port of shipment)named port of shipment)“装运港船上交货装运港船上交货”“”“离岸价离岸价”“”“船上交货船上交货”Definition The seller is responsible for shipping the contracted goods on board the ship dominated by the buyer at the port of shipment within specific period and bearing all costs and risks before the goods are on boa
12、rd the vessel.FOBFOBFOBFOBFree on Board Free on Board Free on Board Free on Board（named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)“装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货”“”“”“”“离岸价离岸价离岸价离岸价”“”“”“”“船上交货船上交货船上交货船上交货”Obligations 买卖双方义务买卖双方义务The Sellers Obligations The
13、Buyers Obligations Some points for attention about FOBFOBFOBFOBFOBFree on Board Free on Board Free on Board Free on Board（named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)“装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货”“”“”“”“离岸价离岸价离岸价离岸价”“”“”“”“船上交货船上交货船上交货船上交货”The Sellers
14、Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.Ship the goods on board the ship at port of shipment within due time and notify the buyer promptlyb.All costs and risks before the goods are loaded on board the ship c.Clear export customs and provide related documents and certificatesd.Provide related shipping documents or EDI
15、 electronic informationFOBFOBFOBFOBFree on Board Free on Board Free on Board Free on Board（named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)“装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货”“”“”“”“离岸价离岸价离岸价离岸价”“”“”“”“船上交货船上交货船上交货船上交货”The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务a.Book space
16、 and pay the freight and notify the seller sailing date and name of sailing vesselb.Bear all costs and risks after the goods are loaded on board the shipc.Accept related documents provided by the seller and pay duly according to the contractFOBFOBFOBFOBFree on Board Free on Board Free on Board Free
17、on Board（named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)named port of shipment)“装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货装运港船上交货”“”“”“”“离岸价离岸价离岸价离岸价”“”“”“”“船上交货船上交货船上交货船上交货”Some points for attention about FOB 要注意的几个问题要注意的几个问题The cancellation of the concept“cross the rail”“船舷为界”概念的取消Shipping charge
18、s 关于关于FOB的装船费用的装船费用CIFCIFCIFCIF Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加
19、保费、运费（指定目的港）Definition 概念概念 The seller is responsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the vessel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carriage.The risks of loss or damage to the goods passes when the goods ar
20、e on board the vessel.CIFCIFCIFCIF Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）
21、成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）Obligations 买卖双方义务买卖双方义务The Sellers Obligations The Buyers Obligations Some points for attention about FOBCIFCIFCIFCIF Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.
22、Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务a.Book shipping space and sign shipment contracts from designated port of shipment to destination;load the goods on board the ship in contracted time and
23、port and pay the freight;notify the buyer after shipment promptly.b.Bear all expenses and risks before the goods are on board the vessel at port of shipment.CIFCIFCIFCIF Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destin
24、ation)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）The Sellers Obligations 卖方义务卖方义务c.Cover the insurance and pay insurance premium as the contract stipulates.d.Clear export customs and bear all relatin
25、g risks and expenses;get export license or other official permission documents.e.Provide relating shipping documents,commercial invoices or equivalent eclectic information or e-documents.CIFCIFCIFCIF Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and
26、Freight (.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）The Buyers Obligations 买方义务买方义务a.All expenses and risks after the goods delivered on board at port of shipment.b.Accept
27、related documents provided by the seller and take delivery the goods and pay for them.c.Clear import customs at port of destination;bear all expenses and risks;get import license or other official permissions.CIFCIFCIFCIF Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freight Cost Insurance and Freig
28、ht Cost Insurance and Freight (.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)(.Named port of Destination)成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）成本加保费、运费（指定目的港）Some points for attention about CIF 要注意的问题要注意的问题Insurance coverage保险险别问题保险险别问题Booking shipping spa
29、ce by the seller卖方租船订舱问题卖方租船订舱问题Symbolic delivery象征性交货问题象征性交货问题CFR CFR Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of DestinationDestinationDestinationDestination）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）DefinitionThe seller is resp
30、onsible for booking space and delivering the goods on board the vessel sailing for the destination in due time according to the contract and covering the risks and expenses during carriage(the risks are transferred when goods are delivered on board).CFR CFR Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and
31、Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of DestinationDestinationDestinationDestination）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）Obligations 双方义务双方义务Except that the insurance is covered by the buyer,both parties obligations are just the same as t
32、hat of CIF.CFR CFR Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of Cost and Freight (.Named Port of DestinationDestinationDestinationDestination）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）成本加运费（指定目的港）Some points for attention 注意事项注意事项The seller shall dispa
33、tches shipping notice promptly to facilitate the buyers insurance covering and if the buyer fails to cover insurance and suffers losses as a result of the sellers late notice,the seller is responsible.Contracts under CFR belong to shipment contracts.These three trade terms are used when the exporter
34、 delivers the goods to the carrier.Five common charactersLesson 3 FCA,CPT and CIPFive common characters1.Suitable for any means of transport2.Place of shipment in exporting country3.Risk is transferred at port of shipment4.Deliver at shipping port in the exporting country.5.Contracts signed as per t
35、hese three rules are all shipping contracts.Lesson 3 FCA,CPT and CIPFCA FCA FCA FCA Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）Definition The seller delivers the goods,cleared for export,to the c
36、arrier nominated by the buyer at the named place and the buyer concludes shipping contract on his own expense and notify the seller promptly.FCA FCA FCA FCA Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（
37、指定地点）Characteristics 特点a.Place of delivery:the exporting country or portb.Risk transfer:the buyer bears all risks and any costs occurring after the goods have been deliveredc.Carrier:any one actually fulfills the obligation of shipment or the shipping agentFCA FCA FCA FCA Free Carrier(.Named Place)F
38、ree Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）FCA and FOBCommon points 相同点相同点The buyer is responsible for shipment and covering insurance and the contracted price does not include shipping charges or insurance premiumPort of
39、loading is the place of deliveryContracts under these two terms are shipment contracts but not sales contractFCA FCA FCA FCA Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)Free Carrier(.Named Place)货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）货交承运人（指定地点）FCA and FOBDifferences 不同点不
40、同点ItemFOB FCATransport port-to-port marine shipmentall means of transport Places of delivery on board the ship at port of loadingfree carrier to a named placeRisks transfers when the goods are on board the vessel when the goods are delivered to the carrier Trade termsymbolic deliveryCPT CPT CPT CPT
41、Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To (.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）DefinitionThe seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him
42、and the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination and notify the buyer promptly.CPT CPT CPT CPT Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of D
43、estination)(.Named Place of Destination)运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）Some points for attention 应当注意的问题应当注意的问题Risk Transfer 风险划分的界限Allocation of Obligation and Costs 责任和费用划分的问题CPT CPT CPT CPT Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To(.Named Place of Destinatio
44、n)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）Comparison of CPT and CFR 异同点异同点Common points相同点相同点1.In both terms,the seller is obliged to arrange transport to the destination and bear related costs while the buyer
45、 covers insurance on himself.2.Same delivery termsShip at port of shipment.3.Contracts under both terms are shipment contractsCPT CPT CPT CPT Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To Carriage Paid To(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Named Place of Destination)(.Na
46、med Place of Destination)运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）运费付至（指定目的地）CFR and CPTDifferences 不同点不同点ItemCFR CPTTransport port-to-port marine shipmentall means of transport Places of delivery on board the ship in port of shipment in the exporting country to the carrierRisks transfers when the goods are
47、 on board the vessel in port of shipment in the exporting countrywhen the goods are delivered to the carrier in the exporting countryCIP CIP CIP CIP Carriage Insurance Paid to Carriage Insurance Paid to Carriage Insurance Paid to Carriage Insurance Paid to (Named Place of Destination)(Named Place of
48、 Destination)(Named Place of Destination)(Named Place of Destination)运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）DefinitionThe seller contracts for insurance and pay the insurance premium for the carriage of the goods in addition to whatever should be covered and the transfer of risk
49、 happens when the seller delivers the goods to the carrier he chooses.CIP CIP CIP CIP Carriage Insurance Paid to Carriage Insurance Paid to Carriage Insurance Paid to Carriage Insurance Paid to (Named Place of Destination)(Named Place of Destination)(Named Place of Destination)(Named Place of Destin
50、ation)运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）Comparison of CIF and CIP 异同点异同点Common points 相同点The contract price includesshipping chargesinsurance premiumThe seller arrangestransport to port of destination pay for related shipping chargespay for insurance premiumPlace of deliver