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1、高考提能练（三十）选修6Unit5ThepowerofnatureI .阅读理解A （2020-长沙市四校高三模拟）Reducing,reusing,andrecyclingisawayoflifeinSweden.Recyclingisrequiredbylawandgarbageissortedathomebeforeitg oestoarecyclingcenter.Recyclablesaresortedintosevencategoriesandrecyclingstationsarewithinjust3 OOmetersofallresidentialareas. u Recyc
2、lingalmosteverythingisamustinSwedennow.Itactuallyfeelsve ryuncomfortablewhenyouvisitanothercountryandcantfindeasywaystorecycle, saidOwenGaffney, anexpertatStockholmResilienceCentreandFutureEarth.Butnotallofitsgarbageisrecycled.Swedenusesaltemativesthatincludeincineratinggarbagetomak eelectricityinst
3、eadofusingfossilfuels（化 石 燃 料）toheatplants.Swedenisimportinggarbagefromothercountriestokeeptheseplantsrunning.Swedenisalsoa worldleaderinturningfoodwasteintoeco friendlybiogas.Ithasmadefdodwastecollectioncompulsorybeginningin2021.Thereisafoodwastebiog asplant, whichallowsbiogastobeusedtorunpublicbus
4、esandtoheatapartmentbuildings.Swedennowwantstodealwiththoseremainingitemsthatcannotberecycledbyusingacircular（循 环 论证的）economyapproach.Itmeansthatproductscanbereusedandonlyrecycledwhenabsolutelynecessary.The Swedishgovernmentformedanadvisorygrouptofindawayofmakingthispartofitsenvironmentalpolicy.This
5、willnotworkeffectivelyunlesspeoplearetaughttochangetheirbehavior.Nowthegovernmenti sreformingitstaxcodesothatpeoplecouldgetcheaperrepairsorbuyusedthings.ThelargeSwedishclothin gretailer（零售商）H&Moperatesarecyclingprogramthatgivescustomersdiscountswhentheybringbackoldclothing.Swedenisfightingclimatecha
6、ngebydoingalltherightstuff.Wasterecyclingandtheplanstoswitchto acirculareconomywillgoalongwayinreducingitscarbonfootprintandwillhelpstopglobalwarming.语篇解读在瑞典，减少、再利用和回收是一种生活方式。瑞典政府鼓励人们回收和使用 二手商品，废品先分类，再回收。1. WhatdoweknowaboutSweden?A Swedenimportshouseholdgarbageforbiogas.B. Itisconvenienttorecycleth
7、ingsinSweden.C HalfofgarbageinSwedenisusedtoproduceheat.D. EverythingisrecycledafterbeingusedinSweden.B考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Recyclables are sorted into seven categories and recycling stations are within just 300 meters of all residential areas”可知，在瑞典回收物品是很 方便的。2. Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph2mean?
8、A. Burning.B. Treating.C. Throwing.D. Reusing.A考查词义猜测。根据第二段的第二句可知，瑞典通过焚烧化石燃料的替代品一一垃 圾来发电，为120万个家庭供热。画线词incinerating的意思是“焚烧”，与Sweden nowwants.approach”和 burning 同义。3. Whatdoestheadvisorygroupdo?A Teachpeoplehowtosavefossilfuels.8. Conductasurveyaboutthelocaleconomy.C Offeradviceonenvironmentalpolicy.
9、D. Makesurethecitizensrecyclewisely.C考查推理判断。根据第三段中的Sweden now wantsapproach和The Swedish government formed an advisory group to find a way of making this part of its environmental policy”可知，瑞典政府成立了一个咨询小组，目的是找到一个方法使通过循环经济法处理不 能被回收利用的产品的做法成为政府环境政策的一部分，即咨询小组的职责就是为环境政策 提供建议。4. Howdoesthegovernmentencoura
10、geitscitizenstoreuse?A. Itprovidesvariousrecyclingprograms.B. Itcutsdowntaxesonnewproducts.C Itgivesdiscountstoregularbuyers.D Itofferslowerpricesforrepairs.D考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的Now the government is reforming its tax code so that people could get cheaper repairs or buy used things”可知，政府正在改革其免税代码，以便使维修更
11、便宜，并鼓励人们购买二手商品。B（2020东北三校高三第一次联合模拟）Maybeyoutakevitaminsregularlysupportingbrainpower, orstockuponthesefoodsthatboostbrainhealth.ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmerican AcademyofNeurology（AAN）suggestthere,ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.Aquarterofadultsaged80to84experiencemildcognitive（ 认 知 的 imp
12、airment , accordingtoAAN.Toaddressthewidespreadproblem, agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimeiJs（阿 尔 茨 海默病）specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline一and youmightbesurprisedbywhattheyincludedandwhattheydidn,t.Surprisingly, theAANguidelinesdon,tincludeanymedic
13、ation（ 药 物） ordietaryrecommendations.Theauthorsstressthattherehaventbeenanyhigh quality, long termstudiesfindingfoodsormedicationcanhelpcognitivedecline.Theguidelinesalsosaydoctorscancon sidersuggestingcognitivetrainingtopatientswithmemorylossbutnotrelyonit.Atthepresenttime, thereportsauthorssaythee
14、videnceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises, likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblem solvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss, arebeneficiaLStill, thesemorningbrainexercisescandoanyharm.Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines：Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecli
15、ne.Onestudyshowedadultswithmildcognitive impairmentwhodidresistancetrainingtwiceaweekscoredbetteronexecutivefunctionandassociativeme moryteststhanagroupthatworkedonbalancing, stretching, andrelaxing. Whatsmore,anotherstudyhadolderadultsattendeitherbiweeklyhealthclassesorsessionsofaerobics, strengtht
16、raining , balanceexercises, andmultitaskingtraining.Sixmonthslater , theoneswhoyexercisedregularlyscoredbetteroncognitivehealthandmemorytests, andhadlessbrainshrinkage.AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmi ndssharp.Thisisthebesttimetoexerciseifyouwanttoim
17、proveyourmemory.Itlookslikeyouegotjustone morereasontocleartimeinyourscheduleforaworkout-evenifitsonlyontheweekends.语篇解读研究发现，每周进行两次锻炼会让大脑保持敏锐,能够改善老年人的认知障碍。5. Whatdoestheunderlinedword uimpairment, inparagraph2referto?A Enor.B. Decline.C. Development.D. Presence.B考查词义猜测。根据第二段第二句中的u Toaddressthewidesp
18、readproblem , agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimefsC阿尔茨海默病）specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedeclinen 可知，为了解决这个普遍性的问题，一群神经病学家和阿尔茨海默病专家仔细琢磨现有的研 究来明确预防和治疗认知衰退的最佳方法，由此可推知，画线词应与decline词义相近，故 选B。6. ANNmaybeuncertainabout.A. strengthtrainingB resistancetrainingC
19、 exercisingtwiceaweekD. morningbrainexercisesD考查细节理解。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，报告的作者说目前还没有确凿的证据 来确定大脑锻炼是否有益。故D项符合题意。7 . Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A DailyexercisesarebeneficialtoAlzheimefs.B TheAANguidelinesattachimportancetoworkouts.C. MedicationisofsignificanceintheANNguidelines.D. Stockinguponvi
20、taminssupportingbrainpowermeansnothing.B考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 uButtherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines： Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline” 以及第六段第一句可知,AAN 认为每 周锻炼两次可以改善认知衰退并建议医生让丧失记忆的病人每周锻炼两次以保持大脑的敏 锐。据此可知，AAN重视锻炼，故B项正确。8 . Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A. Exercise.B.
21、 Entertainment.C. Science.D. Health.D考查文章出处。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句为全文的主旨句，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新发现每周进行两次锻炼会让大脑保持敏锐，能够改 善老年人的认知障碍；据此可推知，本文的主题为健康，故D项正确。H.七选五（2020成都市毕业班第二次诊断检测）Inanysurveyofselfmademillionaires，yourelikelytonoticethekeytotheirsuccessisthattheyneverstoplearning.Sohowdoesonebuildalifelongl earn
22、ingmindset?Seekoutinformationthatmaybecontrarytowhatyoubelieve.Expandyourhorizons.Challeng eyourselftofindabetterway.Youwillfindawayaroundbarriers!Turnmistakesintoopportunities.Thepracticeoflearningfrommistakesisoneofthebestlifelonglear ningskillsanyonecanmaster.2 Theyshowusbetterwaystothinkandwork.
23、Theyalsoprovideinsights intohiddenknowledgeandawareness.Adoptagrowthmindset.Amindsetthatisinlinewithhowourbrainsreallyworkreallyhelps.Individu alswithafixedmindsetbelievetheirintelligenceandtalentsarefixed.3 Peoplewithagrowthmindsetb elievetheycanimprovethemselvesthroughpractice.Establishgoals.Whatd
24、oyouwanttoleam ? Whendoyouwanttolearnit ? Everyyear , setgoalsforyourselfonskillsandknowledgeyouwanttoacquire.4 Besides,lalwayshavethedailygoaloflearningsomethingnewwhetherthroughreadingorbytalkingtootherpeopleAvoidstress. Asstressincreases,Therearemanyothertipsforsuccessfullycreatingalearningplan,b
25、utthosedonthaveafightingchanceifyourmindsetispassive.A. Trynewthings.B. Challengeconventionalthinking.C Thismeanshavingtheendclearlyinmind.D Thereismuchtolearnfrommistakes.E. lusuallysetthreebiglearninggoalseachyear.F. Theydontthinktheycanimprovewithefforts.G Inthisway, successwillhappenmuchmorenatu
26、rally.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。介绍了建立终身学习的思维模式的方法：挑战常规思维、 从失误中学习、有成长型思维模式、设定目标以及避免压力。1. B空处为该段的主题句，根据该段中的“Seek out information that may be contrary to what you believe” 以及Challenge yourself to find a better way”可知,本段讲的是要挑选出与你 相信的事物可能相反的信息，并要求自己去寻求更好的解决方式。2. D根据本段第一句可知，本段的主题是将失误变为机会；根据该空前的句子可知， 从失误中学习是最好的终身学习技能之一
27、，该空后的句子又进一步表明了失误的作用，由此 可知该空需要表明从失误中学习哪些东西或者怎样从失误中学习，以实现其承上启下的作 用。3. F根据该空前的句子可知，有固定的思维模式的人认为人的智力与才能是固定不变 的；而该空后的句子则通过对比，指出了具有成长型思维的人的看法，即他们认为能通过实 践提升他们自己。由此可知，该空需要进一步指出有固定思维模式的人对思维与个人努力或 实践之间的关系的看法，故F项符合语境。4. EM艮据本段第一句可知，本段的主题是要设定目标；根据该空后的“Besides, Ialwayshavethedailygoaloflearningsomethingnew?,可知，这
28、里提到了 “我”的另外一种做法， 即每日设定一个学习目标。再根据上文中的“Everyyear, setgoals”可知，该空应是说明“我” 每年设定学习目标的情况。5. G根据本段第一句可知，本段的主题是要避免压力；本段第二和第三句指出了压力 产生的负面影响；本段第四句则指出了应对策略，即保持放松然后学习就会跟进。由此可知, 尾句需要进一步表明第四句所陈述的做法的作用。故G项符合语境。III .应用文写作（2020,山东潍坊市高三期末）假定你是李华，得知在你校交流学习的新西兰朋友Oliver对中国菜很感兴趣。请你给 他写封邮件，内容包括：1 .邀请他周日到你家做客；2 .教他做一道中国菜。注意
29、：1 .词数80左右；3 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearOliver,Yours,LiHua答案：DearOliver,rvejustlearnedthatyoulikeChinesecuisineverymuch.WhynotcometomyhomethisSundayandenj oysomeChinesedishes?rmgoodatcooking.IwilltreatyoutosometypicaldishesofSichuancuisine，whichispopularwithChinese.Ifyouareinterested , Icanteachyouhowtocook “ Mapo Tofu ”， whichiswidelyrecognizedforitsperfectcombinationofcolor, flavor, tasteandappearance.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua