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1、1986-2011年考研英语完形填空真题解析1986考研英语完形填空真题解析For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the brackets below the passage. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10 points)On Wednesday afternoons Annie
2、 took the bus into town to shop in the market.For an hour or 1 she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying hereand there, and 2 a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had.And then, with all the things she needed 3 she would leave the market for the
3、 streets of the town to spend another hour 4 she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows.One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look 5 without feeling they had to buy something.Annie hesitated for a moment before step
4、ping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped 6_ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: This fine chair is yours 7 less than a pound a week,“ and very small at the bottom, Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty. A pound a week. 8 , she could almost pay that out
5、 of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her 9 . “Can I help you, Madam?” She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10 .Oh, well, no, ” she said. I was just looking.O We ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you 11 just come up, you will find
6、 something to suit you. ”QAnnie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn t need, leftthe shop hurriedly. 276 wordsmoreCelseDanotherLASOB2.AtakingBmakingCfixingDkeeping3,AbuyBboughtCbuyingEDto have bought4.Ain a wayBby the wayCin the wayDon the way5,AbehindBroundCbackEDon6
7、.AdoubtedBwonderedcpuzzledDdelighted7.AatBforCwithDin8.AWhyBWhenCHowEDWhat9*AjumpBleapClaughEdwonder10.AplaceBbackCsideEdfront、文章结构分析本文记叙了一位女士一次购物的经历。第段总述文中主人公Annie每周三下午都进城购物。二至四段具体讲述了她某次的 购物经历。1.A so这么,那么C else其他的,别的二、试题具体分析B more 更多D another 另外一个本题考核的知识点是:固定搭配+副词用法。快速解题空格所在部分For an hour or 1是句子的时间
8、状语,考生要判断选项中 哪个副词代入能符合这结构并使文意通顺。or。是固定搭配,用在数字之后,表示“ 左右，上下，for an hour or so指“个小时左右”，说明了时间，符合文意。因此选A so 篇章分析文章第句总说,交待人物（Annie）,时间（每周三下午）、地点（城镇）、 活动内容（购物）。具体讲述活动内容:首先购买所需物品（句）,然后到家具店“橱 窗购物”（句）。句间通过 On Wednesday afternoonsFor an hour or soAnd then一another hour 时间链条，in the market-up and down between the
9、stalls（leave the market）for the streets 一furniture shop地点链条实现衔接。空格设置此处考查so用作副词的个惯用语or so,表示约指,例句:There were 20 people or so there.那儿差不多有20个人。干扰项设置其他项都是常用的副词。else用于疑问句或nothing,something,everybody 等之后，如:What else did he say?他还说了些什么? or else意为“要不然，否则”，是连词 词组,引导句子,如:Hurry up or else youll be late.快点,否则你
10、就要迟到了。2. A taking B making C fixing D keeping本题考核的知识点是：固定搭配。快速解题空格处填入的现在分词其宾语为a sharp lookout for,与上文两个分词短语 looking at., buying并列,都是句子谓语动词的伴随状语,共同描述人物的购物行为。 lookout来自动词短语look out （留心寻觅;当心,提防）,指“观察所,瞭望台（人员）”， keep a lookout （for sb/sth）为固定短语,意为“注意,留心”,它代入文中,指“敏锐地留 意有时会出售的便宜货”,符合文意,因此选D keeping0篇章分析句较
11、长,主干为she would walk,副词短语up and down （来回地）与介 词短语between the stalls （穿梭于售货摊之间）都是walk的状语,分别表示方式与地点; looking., buying.and keeping.三个并列的分词短语是walk.stalls的伴随动作。其中在 keeping.分词短语中又含有一个that引导的定语从句修饰bargains空格设置本题考查动词短语,其中中心动词keep与宾语lookout都可设空。例句： The public should keep a lookout for symptoms of the disease.公
12、众应当留心这种疾病的症状。干扰项设置其他项都是常用的简单动词,但不符合搭配。3. A buyB bought C buying D to have bought本题考核的知识点是:独立结构。快速解题空格所在部分是“with+逻辑主语（all the things she needed） +_3_”独 立结构,在句中做状语,其中she needed是省略了关系代词that的定语从句,后置修饰things, 即“她需要的所有东西”。A buy是原形动词,不用于独立结构中。D to have bought 是不定式的完成式,用在这里不符合文意。B bought和C buying分别为过去分词和现 在
13、分词,由于things与buy是被动的逻辑关系,因此选B,即“她需要的所有东西都（被） 买好之后”。篇章分析句主干是 she would leave the market for the streets of the town,句首 with 独立结构表示时间,to spend不定式短语做目的状语。leave.for表示“离开（某地） 去”。空格设置本题考査由介词with引导的独立结构。其中逻辑主语all the things和过 去分词bought之间为个省略了关系代词的定语从句she needed,构成解答本题的最大障 碍。干扰项设置其他项都设置为动词buy的不同形式,需要考生理清句子结构
14、作出判断。4. A in a way在某种程度上,不完全地B by the way顺便提下,问一句C in the way （.）以的方式D on the way即将去（或来）;在路途中本题考核的知识点是:固定搭配辨析。快速解题由选项可知,空格处填入一个以way为中心名词的介词短语。根据文意, 只有in the way代入文中文意通顺,即“以她最喜欢的方式再度过小时”,因此选C。篇章分析空格部分in a way是to spend的方式状语,其中she liked best是省略关 系代词that的定语从句,后置修饰way。冒号后的现在分词短语looking in为the way的同 位语,解释
15、说明她再度过小时的方式。空格设置way是含义丰富的简单词,也可构成许多固定搭配。它在文中取“方式, 手段”的意思,如:Infectious diseases can be acquired in several ways.传染病的感染途径有几 种。因它在文中后边接有定语从句,故前用定冠词the限定修饰。in the way还可构成固定 搭配，意为“妨碍,挡路”,如:I left them alone, as I felt I was in the way.我让他们单独在 起,因为我觉得我碍他们的事。干扰项设置干扰项中都是way的常用固定搭配。例句:In a way it was one of
16、our biggest mistakes.从某种意义上来说,这是我们所犯最大错误之 What the time, by the way? 顺便问一句，几点钟了? The letter should be on its way to you.那封信该快到你那了。She stopped for breakfast on the way.她中途停下吃早点。5. A （look） behind朝后面看B （look） round环视，四处看:转过头看C （look） back回首,回顾 D （look） on旁观;把看作;（以某种方式）看待 本题考核的知识点是：短语动词。快速解题空格所在部分是介词结构
17、with a notice inviting.做后置定语修饰a new shop现在分词短语inviting.与notice之间是主动关系,说明通知的内容。空格处填入的 副词与!ook构成短语动词，与walk in并列,在invite sb to do sth结构中都充当invite的宾 语补足语。这部分的含义是：（商店贴岀告示）邀请所有人进来并且看看。既然是逛商 店,应该是“四处看”，B round符合文意。篇章分析句承接上文,引出Annie一次具体的橱窗购物经历,下文都是对这次经 历的具体讲述。句通过One Wednesday, a new shop （特指时间和地点）与第一,段中On W
18、ednesday afternoons, furniture shop （泛指时间和地点）的呼应，实现语段衔接。空格设置本题考查由look构成的短语动词,是常规考点。例句:People came out of their houses and looked around.人们走出家门四处査看。Lets look round the town this afternoon.咱们今天下午游览市区吧。She looked round when she heard the noise.她听到响声， 就回过头去看。干扰项设置其他项的副词都可与look搭配,其中look back与!ook on是固定短语
19、。 例句:to look back on your childhood 回顾自己的童年。Passers-by simply looked on as he was attacked.他遭人袭击,路人只在，旁袖手旁观。She*s looked on as the leading authority on the subject.她被视为这门学科的主要权威。They looked on his behavior with contempt.他们对他的 行为不屑顾。6. A doubted怀疑的,不能肯定的B wonderedC puzzled迷惑不解的D delighted高兴的，愉悦的本题考核的
20、知识点是：上下文语义。快速解题空格处填入个过去分词形式的形容词,做she的主语补足语,描述主语 的状态,即当她（Annie）看到把绿色的扶手椅时,她停下了,注意该句实际表示 的含义是she stopped and she was 6 .从下文我们可看出,这把椅子对Annie有吸引力, 因此,此处表示的应该是她的种积极的情绪,只有delighted符合文意。delighted也与短 首句中delightful相呼应。wonder可以表示“感到诧异,惊讶，但它常用sb wonders主动 形式，其过去分词较不常见。空格设置本题通过考査形容词实际考查了对上下文的理解。另外，这里也涉及形容 词做主语补
21、足语的语法知识。干扰项设置wonder可意为“想知道,琢磨”，常用about sth或接wh从句;或指 感到惊讶”,常用at sth或接that从句,如:She wondered at her stupidity.她没想到自己竟 会这样愚蠢。它对delight构成同向干扰，但用法错误。doubted与puzzled构成対delighted 的反向干扰。7. A at B forC with D in本题考核的知识点是:介词用法。快速解题空格处填入的介词后接钱数（less than a pound）做其宾语，表示椅子的价 格。能够单独使用表示价格的只有for,因此选B。注意at也可以表示价格，但
22、通常与sell, price （定价）等动词连用。空格设置本题考查了 for的特殊用法。for可意为in exchange for sth “换取，交换”, 如:Copies are available for two dollars each.两元一份。for表示交换还常与以下动词搭配: bid/charge/offer+钱数+forsth （出价，竞标/收费，要价/出价，报价）。干扰项设置其他项都是常用介词。at可以表示价格、比率、速度等,意为“以, 在,如：old books selling at ten cents each 以每本一角（的价格）出售的旧书;The ticketsare
23、 priced at $100 each.每张票定价为100元。with可以表示工具,意为使用，以，借， 如:Cut it with a knife.用刀把它切开。in可以表示使用的语言、材料等，如：1 paid in cash. 我用现金支付的。8. A Why B When C How D What本题考核的知识点是：感叹词。快速解题空格所在句子（句）描述了 Annie看到广告后的心理活动。空格前是省 略句，是对上文（This fine chair is yours for less than） a pound a week关于椅子价格的重复;空 格后是结构完整的句子，说明人物的所想。空格
24、用逗号隔开，填入一个插入成分，独立于前 后两部分的结构之外,对句意起补充说明的作用。选项是四个疑问词，可直接引导句子;但 why还可以做感叹词，用于表示“惊讶、不耐烦等，常单独使用，用逗号与其他部分隔开, 符合文中用法;它代入文中，表明Annie对椅子的低价格的惊叹，符合文意,因此选A。 其他项都不符合文中语法要求,应排除。空格设置本题考査了 why的熟词僻义。why基本用法是做疑问副词，询问原因。 它也可充当关系副词，引导名词性从句或引导以the reason为先行词的定语从句。但它还有 做感叹词的特殊用法,例句:Why. it，s easya child could do it!哎呀,这容
25、易得很，连小孩 子都干得了!干扰项设置干扰项中都是常用的疑问词,并也都可做关联词引导从句。when是疑 问副词，询问时间;或用作关系副词，引导名词性从句或定语从句,如:Sunday is the only day when lean relax.星期日是我唯一可以休息的日子。它也用做连词引导时间等状语从句，如: I loved history when I was at school.我上学时喜欢历史。how也是疑问副词，用以询问方式等; 或做关系副词，引导名词性从句,如:Do you remember how the kids always loved going there? 你记得孩子们
26、总喜欢去那里吗?它有时也引导状语从句，相当于however,如:Ill dress how I like in my own house.我在自己家里爱怎么穿就怎么穿。what是疑问代词，用于指物，意为 什么;或用作关系代词，引导名词性从句,如:What you need is a good meal.你需要的是顿美餐。what可单独使用,表示提问（没听见或没听懂时,或听到对方的话后问对方 要什么），或表示惊讶或愤怒,如:Mummy! What? T mthirsty.妈咪!”“什 么事? ”“我渴。 It will cost $50. What? 这东西要花 500 元。”“真的?” 9.A
27、 jump跳，跃B leap跳跃，跳越C laugh笑D wonder想知道，琢磨本题考核的知识点是:上下文语义+动词辨析。快速解题空格处填入个动词,在make sb do结构中做her的宾语补足语,说明肩 膀上传来的声音使她（Annie）产生的行为。根据文意及常识，当Annie在专心致志地看广 告语时，突然传来的声音应当使她“吓跳”，而不可能是“笑”或想”，首先排除C, D两项。AUump及出leap都可指“跳”的动作，但文中显然是比喻的说法，而并不一定 是真的“跳起来”，jump可指“（因吃惊、害怕或激动而）猛地动，突然跳”,更符合 文意,因此选A。空格设置本题考查了常用动词jump的熟词
28、僻义。例句:Her heart jumped when she heard the news.听到那消息她的心猛地跳。干扰项设置其他项都是常用动词且符合文中的语法要求。其中leap构成对jump的 近义干扰。jump仅表示“跳”的一般动作，即离开地面或物体表面的“跳,跃”,也指“跳 过,跃过”,如:2上|1呼而0山6 2k/山6屈跳到空中/跨越最后，,个栏杆。leap强调to jump high or a long way “跳得高或远”，如：The horse leapt a five-foot wall.那匹马跃过了一 道五英尺高的墙。二者都可指“快速移动,突然移动”，leap可引申指“突
29、然做某事”，如： leap into action二者还都引申为猛涨，激增”。10. A place地点，位置，区域:表面的某处,身体某处;座位:地位，资格,名额B back背部，后部，背面，（书等的）末尾C side 一边，一侧,侧面,边缘,肋;近旁，身边;一方，一派:方面D front正面，前面,前部，胸部:前线,阵线;表面，外表，掩护本题考核的知识点是：上下文语义+名词辨析。快速解题该句是说明Annie在听到有人说话后的反应：她转过头看着悄悄来到 她的店员。空格处填入一个名词，说明店员所处的相对Annie的位置。根据文意,既然 是转头看（look round at）, D “来到她前面”
30、可首先拝除:店员应该是来到顾客的身侧 与他们交谈，A “来到她的位置”，B “来到她的背后”也不符合语境，可排除。因此C 正确。side也与上文at her shoulder相呼应。空格设置本题考查了 side表示“身旁”的特殊用法。例句：keep close to my side 紧挨着我。干扰项设置其他项都是可以表示方位或身体部位的常用名词。全文翻译每周三的下午安妮会乘公交车到城里的市场上去买东西。大约一个小时,她会在货摊间 走来走去,查看商品，时不时买点什么，同时敏锐地留心有时有售的便宜货。然后,买全了 她所需要的所有物品后，她会离开市场，到城里的街道上去,再花小时做她最喜欢做的 事:透
31、过家具店的橱窗往里看。个星期三下午，她发现家新开的家具店，店里都是非常讨人喜欢的东西,店外贴着 张告示,邀请所有的人进去四处看看,但不必非要买什么东西。安妮在迈过门道前犹豫了 一会，而儿乎就在同时,她充满欣喜地在门口处把绿色的扶手椅前停住了。椅子上有一张 卡片，上面写着:每周只需花不到磅,这把精美的椅子就是你的了。底部是非常小的字体： 现金价格89.5磅。一周一磅嘿,她儿乎可以节省每周的家用开支来为它买单，从而不会错过它!“您有什么需要的吗，女士? ”从肩膀上传来的个声音使她吓了一跳。她转 过头看着悄悄来到她身边的店员。“噢,嗯,没什么,”她说,“我只是看看。”“我们的展示间里有各种各样的椅子
32、。如果 你进来看看,你会找到适合你的东西。”安妮担心自己会被说服买并不需要的东西,匆匆离开了商店。1987考研英语完形填空真题解析For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C and D . Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choice. (10 points)Cheques have repl
33、aced money as a means of exchange for they are widely accepted everywhere. Though this is very convenient for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheques are not real money: they are quite valueless in themselves. A shop-keeper always runs a certain 2 when he accepts a cheque and
34、he is quite 3 his rights if on occasion, he refuses to do so.People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called 4. An old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience. He went to a famous jewelry shop which keeps a large 5 of precious st
35、ones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After examining several trays, he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by Cheques. The assistant said that this was quite 6_ but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into the manager * s office.
36、The manager was very polite, but he explained that someone with exactly the same name had presented them with a worthless Cheque not long ago. My friend got very angry when he heard this and said he would buy a necklace somewhere else.When he got up to go, the manager told him that the police would
37、arrive at any moment and he had better stay 7 he wanted to get into serious trouble. 0 8 the police arrived soon afterwards. They apologized to my friend for the 9 , but explained that a person who had used the same name as his was responsible for a number of recent robberies. Then the police asked
38、my friend to copy out a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shops. The note 10 : “I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe.” Fortunately, my friend s handwriting was quite unlike the thiefJ s. He was not only allowed to go without further del
39、ay, but to take the string of pearls with him. 356 words1.AexactlyEbreallyEClargelyEdthoroughly2.AdangerEbchanceEcriskEdopportunity3.EAwithinEbbeyondECwithoutEdout of4.Ain difficultyEbin doubtEcin earnestEdin question5,AamountEbstockECnumberEdstore6.Eain orderEbin needEcin useEdin common7.EawhetherE
40、bEcotherwiseEdunless8.EaReallyEbSure enoughEcCertainlyEdHowever9.EatreatmentEbmannerEcinconvenienceEdbehaviour10.EareadEbtoldEcwroteEdinformed、文章结构分析本文记述了一位老者一次用支票支付的经历。第一段总说,介绍支票的广泛使用及使用中存在的问题:本身并无价值,因此店员有时 会拒绝接受支票。第二至三段具体讲述了一次支票支付的经历。第二段介绍人物、事情发生的地点及起因。 第三段记叙了事情的发展及结尾。二、试题具体分析1. A exactly确切地,精确地B
41、really事实上;确实,的确C largely在很大程度上,主要地D thoroughly非常,完全;仔细，缜密本题考核的知识点是:常识+副词辨析。快速解题空格所在的句子是全文首句,基本结构完整,句意清楚。因此,考生关键 要判断哪个副词代入文中符合逻辑语义。根据常识,支票已经确切地、事实上或完全取代 了现金”均不符合事实逻辑,只有!argely代入文中强调“支票在很大程度上取代现金”符 合逻辑,因此C为正确选项。篇章分析第一段介绍故事发生的背景。句是全文引子。句指出支票已成为普 及的付款手段的事实,句转折指出支票付款存在的问题及带来的结果:有时店员可能不 接受支票付款。空格设置本题考查句中做
42、状语的程度副词!argely,例句:He resigned largely because of the stories in the press.他的辞职多半是因为新闻界的些报道。干扰项设置其他项都是常用副词,Fl thoroughly也是程度副词。例句:I know exactly how she felt.我完全清楚她的感受。Tell me what really happened.告诉我究竟发生了什么事。 Now 1 really must go.我确实得走了。!,m thoroughly confused.我完全给搞糊涂了。The work had not been done ver
43、y thoroughly.这工作做得不太认真。2. A danger危险，危害B chance可能性;机会，时机；风险C risk危险,风险D opportunity时机,机会本题考核的知识点是:固定搭配。快速解题上文说支票并非真正的钱(not real money),本身是没有价值的(valueless)。 本句紧接着指出当店员接受支票时,他总是在。根据逻辑,既然支票无价值,那么接受 支票付款应当存在风险性”，上下两句间暗含着因果的逻辑关系。空格处填入的名词做runs 的宾语，runs a certain 2 即应表示店员“冒险”的含义。选项中，只有risk可以与run 搭配，run the
44、 risk (of doing sth)/run risks表示冒 的危险，冒险(做某事)”，符合文意。 其他项或不符合文中搭配，或不符合文意，应排除。篇章分析句是过渡句，由上文泛泛而谈支票支付的问题具体到在商店购物时使用 支票的情况，并引出下文两段关于此的一次具体经历的讲述。空格设置本题考查了 risk的固定动宾搭配。例句:Investment is all about running risks. 投资就是要冒风险。We don,t want to run the risk of losing their business.我们不想冒险失去他 们的生意。其他包含risk的表示“冒险”的搭配
45、还有at the risk of doing sth冒着的风险， at risk to sb/sth 冒伤及 的危险，takearisk/takerisks (to do sth)冒险(做某事)。干扰项设置其他项都是常用名词。其中，danger构成对risk的近义干扰，chance 与opportunity近义，构成对risk的反义干扰。danger常做不可数名词,如:in/out of danger 处于危险中/脱离危险，当表示“危险,坏事发生的可能性”时可用作可数或不可数,后面 必须接 of sth 或 that 同位语从句进行修饰,如:There is a danger that the
46、 political disorder of the past will return.昔H的政治动乱现在有可能而演。chance常表示希望发生的事的可能性,如: There is no chance that he will change his mind.他不可能改变主意。它还与 opportunity 近义, 表示时机,如:Youll have the chance/opportunity to ask any questions at the end.你们最后 将有机会提问任何问题。注意chance也可指“风险,冒险”,常与take搭配,如:When installing electrical equipment dont take any chances. A mist