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1、l 虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气虚拟语气虚拟语气从从句的谓语形式句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在事实相反事实相反过去过去事实相反事实相反将来不太可能将来不太可能实现实现的情况的情况过去式过去式(did)(be常用常用 were)would/could/might/should+动动词原形词原形过去完过去完成式成式had done1.过去过去式式(did)2.should+do 3.were to+do上面上面4个情态动词个情态动词+动词原形动词原形上面上面4个个情态动词情态动词+have done（一）（一）If If 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句一、虚拟语气归纳总结一、虚拟语气归纳总结If
2、 虚拟条件句要虚拟条件句要注意两个问题：注意两个问题：1、倒装、倒装第一步：省略第一步：省略 if第二步：第二步：were/should/had 提到主语前提到主语前Were I you,I wouldnt love him.2、错综复杂条件句、错综复杂条件句If I had followed his advice,I would have no trouble now.（二）含蓄虚拟条件句（二）含蓄虚拟条件句:l有时为了表达的需要有时为了表达的需要,虚拟语气并不总是出虚拟语气并不总是出现在由现在由 if 引导的条件句引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来而通过其他手段来代替条件句代替条件句.常见的标
3、志词有：常见的标志词有：lbut for,without,or,otherwise等；或者根等；或者根据上下文来判断。据上下文来判断。I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would have taken part in the sports meet.（三）（三）在名词性从句中在名词性从句中 1.仅限于仅限于某些动词或名词某些动词或名词后后 2.从句谓语只能用从句谓语只能用should do,should可省略可省略.3.后接用虚拟语气的宾语从句的后接用虚拟语气的宾语从句的常见动词常见动词有有:1).insist 2).order,command 3).advise,
4、suggest,propose 4).demand,require,request,desire 4.还有一种还有一种主语从句主语从句要用虚拟语气：要用虚拟语气：It is important(necessary,strange,natural)that.should do（四）要用虚拟语气的几个特殊句型：（四）要用虚拟语气的几个特殊句型：第一类：第一类：1.If only I had studied hard!2.(How)I wish I had studied hard3.He described the typhoon as if he had experienced it himse
5、lf.4.He would rather he hadnt told me about it.第二类：第二类：It is(high)time that we took/should take effective measures to protect forest resources.二、虚拟语气在广东高考中二、虚拟语气在广东高考中（一）、在语法填空中（一）、在语法填空中1、较简单的考察、较简单的考察(送分题）送分题）：1)._ for the guidance of our instructor,we should not have succeeded in the experiment.2
6、).Human life would be quite different today _ electricity.3)._he hadnt had his leg hurt,he would have won the race.ButwithoutIf 2、有区分度的考察：、有区分度的考察：1).If he _(work)carefully,he wouldnt have lost his work.2).I _(come)earlier,but I didnt know they were waiting for me.3).We _(lose)our way in the village
7、,otherwise we would have visited more places of interest yesterday.4).He walked in as if he 17 (buy)the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York.(2012广东高考）广东高考）had workedcould have comelosthad bought（二）、在阅读中（二）、在阅读中 The rangers were too late to find thecubs mother.The poacher
8、s ran off with it.If the rangers hadnt shown up,the poacherswould have taken the cubs too.26.Why didnt the poachers take the cubs?A.There wasnt enough time.B.The cubs body parts sold badly.C.The cubs were protected by the rangers.D.They didnt bring enough tools to carry them.The rangers were too lat
9、e to find the cubs mother.The poachers ran off with it.If the rangers hadnt shown up,the poachers would have taken the cubs too.26.According to Paragraph 1,we can know _.A.the rangers found the cubs mother.B.the rangers didnt find the cubs.C.the poachers had taken the cubs.D.the poachers hadnt taken
10、 the cubs.(三）、在写作中三）、在写作中 2013年广东高考年广东高考 读写任务读写任务1以约以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；个词概括这段短文的内容；2、以约、以约120个词谈谈你对平凡工作的想法，内个词谈谈你对平凡工作的想法，内容包括：容包括：（1）描述清洁工工作的艰辛；）描述清洁工工作的艰辛；（2）假如没有清洁工，环境会变得如何？）假如没有清洁工，环境会变得如何？（3）你对平凡工作者的看法。）你对平凡工作者的看法。Nobody could imagine what a badenvironment we would live in if there were no cleaner
11、s in the city.In that case,wherever we went,there were rubbish.Maybe we would soon be drowned in the mountain of rubbish.Even worse,if there were no change about that,diseases would spread at a very quick speed.Is there anything that can be worse than this!2009年广东高考年广东高考 读写任务读写任务写作内容写作内容1以约以约30个词概括这
12、段短文的内容；个词概括这段短文的内容；2然后以约然后以约120个词就个词就“该不该禁止游客和动该不该禁止游客和动物拍照物拍照”进行议论，内容包括：进行议论，内容包括：(1)人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍照；照；(2)假如你处在那些动物的处境，你会有什么假如你处在那些动物的处境，你会有什么反应；反应；(3)你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照。你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照。Were I an animal in the wildlife park,I would feel annoyed when people keep photographing wi
13、th me.My life would be greatly influenced and I wouldnt feel happy at all！There is no doubt that it is important that everyone should have some private space and time.2012年广东高考读写任务年广东高考读写任务2.以约以约120个词就老师影响学生的话题谈谈你个词就老师影响学生的话题谈谈你 的想法的想法.内容包括内容包括:(1).上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师 (2).举例说明该老师对你学习或
14、成长的影响举例说明该老师对你学习或成长的影响 (3).你怎样看待老师对学生的影响。你怎样看待老师对学生的影响。I was grateful to him because but for his constant encouragement and selfless help,I wouldnt have made such a great improvement.三、练习：写作运用三、练习：写作运用（homework)请根据以下要点请根据以下要点,写一篇有关珍惜水的短文：写一篇有关珍惜水的短文：1.众所周知众所周知,水在人类生活中起着非常重要的作用水在人类生活中起着非常重要的作用2.如果没有水
15、如果没有水,我们人类早就灭绝了；我们人类早就灭绝了；3.如果以前我们爱惜水如果以前我们爱惜水,现在就不会缺水了；现在就不会缺水了；4.要是水是无穷无尽的就好了要是水是无穷无尽的就好了,我们就可以充分利我们就可以充分利用它；用它；5.由于水是有限的由于水是有限的,现在是我们做点事来保护水资现在是我们做点事来保护水资源的时候了。源的时候了。写作要求写作要求1.只能使用只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；个句子表达全部内容；2.尽可能多地使用虚拟语气。尽可能多地使用虚拟语气。As is known to all,water plays an important role in our life.Without water,we would have died out.Had we saved it before,we would not lack it now.If only water were endless,we could make full use of it.As water is limited,it is high time that we did/should do something to protect water resource.等着吧，等着吧，我们要让你见证一个奇迹！我们要让你见证一个奇迹！-2014届高三（届高三（8）