《新概念第三册第27课.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新概念第三册第27课.ppt（44页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Lesson 27 Nothing to Sell and Nothing to Buy不买也不卖不买也不卖nIt has been said that everyone lives by selling something.n据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。nIthasbeensaidthat=itissaidthat据说nliveby以为生nInthelightofthisstatement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellings
2、piritualcomfort.n根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家哲学家靠靠卖卖智慧智慧为生，为生，牧师牧师靠卖靠卖精神精神安慰为生。安慰为生。ninthelightof=accordingto,takingintoaccount依据，按照nphilosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,为了避免重复。nphilosophern.哲学家nPhilosophyn.哲学nTheancientGreekphilosophern苏格拉底Socratesskrti:zn柏拉图Platopleitun亚里士多德Aristotleristtln-Pla
3、toisdeartome,butdearerstillistruth.n-Ilovemyteacher,butIlovetruthmore.-Aristotlenwisdomn.智慧nPlatoisamanofwisdom.n=Platoisawiseman.nwiseadj.英明的，明智的n-Imadeawisechoice.nwisdomteethnThiswisdomthatyousimplylearnfromothersisnotenough.Onthebasisofit,youshouldbuildyourownideas.npriestn.牧师nthethreemajorrelig
4、ionsoftheworld:n基督教Christiankrstnn佛教Buddhismbdzmn伊斯兰教Islamismizlmizmn天主教Catholicismklisizmn道教Taoismtazmn印度教Hinduismhinduizm Christian Buddhismbdzm Islamismizlmizm Taoism tazm Hinduism hinduizmnspiritualadj.精神上的，非物质的nspirituallife/spiritualneednspiritedadj.精神饱满的，生机勃勃的，英勇的naspiritedgirlnlow-spirited沮丧
5、的high-spirited兴奋的naspiriteddebate热烈的辩论npublic-spiritedadj.有爱国心的,有公德心的（名词public-spiritedness）nThankstoagroupofpublic-spiritedcitizens,theKrippendorfgardenhasbeenpreserved.n多谢一群有公德心的市民，克利彭多夫花园才得以维持下去。nThough it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money,it is extremely di
6、fficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.n虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。难的。nthough引导让步状语从句，交代“先决条件是”nintermsof从方面说来，按照nThebookoffersnothingintermsofasatisfactoryconclusion.nItisthefashionnowadays,forinstan
7、ce,toexplainallsocialunrestintermsofeconomicconditions.nThere are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives,yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.n有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在有的一切。但就在外科大夫外科大夫给我们提供了这
8、种给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。抱怨。nahighfee高昂的费用npreciselyadv.精确地；恰恰ngrudgevt.怀恨；吝惜；妒忌；不情愿做nn.怨恨；恶意；妒忌nHegrudgedpayinghistaxes.他不愿付税金。n-Hiscrudemastergrudgedhimeventhefoodheate.nHegrudgedmemysalary.他吝于给我薪水。n-Hegrudgedmysuccess.(vt.妒忌，怨恨)nTheygrudgedhimhisprize.他们嫉妒他得奖。nsurgeonn.
9、外科大夫nsurgeryn.外科手术nTheplasticsurgeonundercuttheskinofhercheek.n整容外科医生将她的脸皮下部切开。nphysicianfznn.内科医生ngynecologist,ankldstn.妇科医生npediatrician,pidtrnn.儿科医生ndentistn.牙科医生nnasalnezl/ear/oral/braindoctorn鼻科/耳科/口腔/脑科医生nThe conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that g
10、oods are paid for at a shop.Everyone has something to sell.n社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。有东西可以出售。nsuch后面的that引导同位语从句，such是代词。n这个从句中的that引导的是一个定语从句，说明是“什么样的方法”。n动词不定式tosell充当something的后置定语。nTramps seem to be the only exception to this general
11、 rule.Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.n在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路路人人的怜悯。的怜悯。ntrampsn.trmp流浪汉ntohisgeneralrule作证句子的补充状语。ntoarousethepityofpassers-by是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，即“出售本人的目的是引起过路人的怜悯”。npasser-byn.过路人（复
12、数passers-by）nlooker-on旁观者nfather-in-lawn岳父，公公nmother/son/daughter/brother/sister-in-lawn岳母/婆婆/女婿/儿媳妇/姐夫，妹夫/夫或妻的姐妹nButrealtrampsarenotbeggars.Theyhavenothingtosellandrequirenothingfromothers.n但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西.n这句话由but引导，是对上句内容的转折。ntosell作not
13、hing的后置定语。两个简单句由and连接。nIn seeking independence,they do not sacrifice their human dignity.n在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严尊严。ninseeking为固定搭配，意思是“在追求的过程中”。nAtrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.n游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。n这个句子由两个并列的分句构成，两个分句中各含有一个重要
14、短语asksb.forsth.(向某人索要某物)，asksb.todosth.(要求某人做某事)。ndignityn.尊严，高贵nloseonesdignity丢面子，失去尊严n-Ifyouareafraidoflosingyourdignity,youcantexpecttolearnaforeignlanguage.n-Althoughsheisverypoor,shehasnotlostherdignity.nHehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.n他是他是故意故意在选择过那
15、种生活的，并完全清楚以在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的这种方式生活的后果后果。nheleads作life的定语从句，前面省去了关系代词that。ndeliberatelyadv.故意地（=onpurpose）n-Hecougheddeliberately/onpurposetoattractmyattention.nadv.慎重地，深思熟虑地n-Hemadeadecisiondeliberately.nconsequencen.后果，结果ninconsequence因此，结果n-Itrainedyesterdayandinconsequencethematchwascancele
16、d.ninconsequenceof因为.的缘故，由于n-Hedidntcometoschoolinconsequenceofhisillness.ntaketheconsequenceof承担.的责任n-Youhavetotaketheconsequenceoftheaccident.nHe may never be sure where the next meal is coming from,but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.n他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有他可能从
17、不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨折磨。nwherethenextmealiscomingfrom是谓语besure所指的内容，即宾语从句。nwhich引导定语从句，修饰anxieties,指“的烦心事”。nbe free from 不受.的影响，后面常接pain,trouble,danger.nafflictv.使苦恼，折磨nbeafflictedwith受.折磨n-Heisafflictedwithadisease.nSheisafflictedwithaconscience她受良心的责备。nafflictionn.痛苦，苦恼nThethought
18、thatthispersonistheonlyoneformeistherootoftheaffliction.n那种认为“这个人是我的唯一”的想法是痛苦的根源。nHisfewmaterialpossessionmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithease.n他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如轻松自如地地在各地奔波。在各地奔波。nit是形式宾语，真正的宾语是tomovefromplacetoplacewithease。nwithease相当于easily。neasen.容易nwithease熟练地，轻而易
19、举地（=easily）n-Hefinishedthetaskwithease。natease安逸，自由自在n-Heisquiteateaseinpublic.nbe/feelillatease局促不安，心神不宁n-Ialwaysfeelillateaseinastrangeenvironment.nByhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmostofuseverdo.n由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然大自然近得多。近得多。nbyhavingtosleepin
20、theopen是介词短语，作原因状语，意即“由于不得不露宿”。ngetcloseto的意思是“接近”。getfarclosertothan的意思是“比接近得多”。do代替getclosetotheworldofnature。nnaturen.大自然nnaturereserve自然保护区nn.本性nhumannature人性，人类本性n-Caringanimalsishumannature.nHe may hunt,beg,or steal occasionally to keep himself alive;he may even in times of real need,do a litt
21、le work;but he will never sacrifice his freedom.n为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。nin times of 在的时候n句中两个分号表明这两个简单句均为并列关系。nWeoftenspeakoftrampswithcontemptandputtheminthesameclassasbeggars,buthowmanyofuscanhonestlysaythatwehaven
22、otfeltalittleenviousoftheirsimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?n说起流浪汉，我们常常带有说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑轻蔑并把他们与乞丐并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些到有些羡慕羡慕呢？呢？nasbeggars是class的定语。这里的as是关系代词，意思是“他们和乞丐归为同一类”。theirfreedomfromcare的意思是“他们的无忧无虑”，freedomfromc
23、are相当于freefromcare,只是由于句子结构和对词性的要求而把free改为freedom。ncontemptn.蔑视nholdsb.incontemptn=lookdownuponsb.鄙视某人nIholdhimincontemptbecausehehasnothingtodoeveryday.nincontemptof不顾；不把放在眼里；藐视nHewentabroadincontemptofhisfathersobjection.ncontemptibleadj.可鄙的，可轻视的，不齿的nHeisacontemptibleperson.nYoucantellheisarudeand
24、contemptiblemanbythecontentofhishostilecomments.n从他充满仇意的言语内容中，大家不难看出他是个粗野可鄙的人。nenviousadj.羡慕的，嫉妒的nbeenviousofnIamenviousofyoursuccess.njealousdlsadj.妒忌的，吃醋的，羡慕的nHeisjealousofoursuccess.nenvious羡慕njealous嫉妒，含贬义nenvious，jealousandhatefulComprehension questionsn1.Ithasbeensaideveryonelivesbydoingwhat?n
25、Bysellingsomething.n2.Whatdoteacherslivebyselling?nKnowledge.n3.Wholivebysellingwisdom?nPhilosophers.n4.Andwhataboutthepriests?nTheylivebysellingspiritualcomforts.n5.Howdifficultisittoestimatethetruevalueofservicesthatpeopleperform?nExtremelydifficult.n6.Wouldmostofuswillinglygiveupeverythingweposse
26、sstosaveourlives?nYes,wewould.n7.Butwhomightwegrudgepaying?nAsurgeon.n8.Whathastobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidfor?nSkills.n9.Trampsseemtobeanexceptiontotherule.Whatistherule?nEveryonehassomethingtosell.n10.Whatdobeggarsalmostdo?nSellthemselves.n11.Arerealtrampsbeggars?nNo,theyarent.n12.Whath
27、avetheygottosell?nNothing.nAndwhatdotheyrequirefromothers?nNothing.n13.Thereissomethingtrampsdonotsacrifice.Whatisit?nTheirhumandignity.n14.Willatrampaskyoutofeelsorryforhim?nNo,hewont.n15.Isatrampsurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom?nNo,heisnt.n16.Butwhatishefreefrom?nThethousandsofanxietieswhichafflic
28、totherpeople.n17.Whycanhemovefromplacetoplacewithease?nBecausehehasfewmaterialpossessions.n18.Howdoeshegetclosertonaturethanmostofusdo?nByhavingtosleepintheopen.n19.Whatwillatrampneversacrifice?nHisfreedom.n20.Howdoweoftenspeakoftramps?nWithcontempt.n21.Howdowecomparethemwithbeggars?nWeputtheminthesameclass.n22.Howdomanyofusfeelabouttrampssimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?nWeareenviousofit.