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1、九年级九年级Unit2Unit2ReadtheReadthesentencessentences，trytotrytotranslatetranslatethemthemlDo you know who is the first Chinese Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?)?lOur teacher told us that the earth Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.goes around the sun
2、.lPlease tell me where she has gone.Please tell me where she has gone.lI dont know if he will come I dont know if he will come tonight.tonight.lLets find out whats on tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight.l置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、
3、动词语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、动词现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad(afraid,sure,glad等等)之后也可以带宾语从句。之后也可以带宾语从句。本章主要讲解置于本章主要讲解置于动词后的宾语从句动词后的宾语从句.宾语从句宾语从句一一.定义定义二二.从属连从属连词词thatthat引宾从引宾从结构：主句结构：主句+关联词关联词+宾从宾从lI hear(that)he will be back in an I hear(that)he will be back in an
4、hour.hour.lHe said(that)he missed us very much.He said(that)he missed us very much.注：当宾语从句是陈述句时，用注：当宾语从句是陈述句时，用thatthat引导。引导。that that 在句中在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。略。1.1.当宾语从句前有插入语时，当宾语从句前有插入语时，that that 不可省略。不可省略。e.g.He says,for example,that he is e.g.He says,for exampl
5、e,that he is interested in interested in math.math.2 2.在在I/We think/guess/believe/I/We think/guess/believe/supposesuppose等等后接宾语从句时，如果宾语后接宾语从句时，如果宾语句要表达否定句要表达否定意思意思，则一般将否定转移到主句上来，即，则一般将否定转移到主句上来，即“否定前移否定前移”。e.g.I dont think the girl can finish the e.g.I dont think the girl can finish the work alone.w
6、ork alone.3.3.在主在主+谓谓+it(+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+)+宾补宾补+that+that 从句从句(真正宾语真正宾语)的句型中不省略。的句型中不省略。We must make it clear We must make it clear that that we mean what we say.we mean what we say.4.4.由连词由连词andand连接的两个由连接的两个由thatthat引导的宾语从句中引导的宾语从句中,第二个第二个that that 不省略。不省略。He told meHe told me（that that）he would com
7、e and that he would come on time.he would come and that he would come on time.5.5.当当thatthat作介词作介词 except except（除了）（除了）,in,in等宾语时。等宾语时。They believe in that she must still be single.They believe in that she must still be single.I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.I know noth
8、ing about him except that he is living in Beijing.三三.从属连词从属连词whetherVSifwhetherVSif1.Whether1.Whether：conj.conj.“是否是否”；引导宾语从句时可与引导宾语从句时可与ifif互换，但互换，但whetheror notwhetheror not为固定搭配。为固定搭配。eg.eg.I dont know whether/if he paid attention to what I said.I dont know whether/if he paid attention to what I
9、said.They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not.They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not.“是否是否”可与可与or(not)or(not)连用。可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、连用。可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、步状语从句等，引导主语从句时可置于句首。步状语从句等，引导主语从句时可置于句首。whetherwhether引导主语从句，不能与引导主语从句，不能与ifif替换替换。e.g.whether or not they would support us was
10、 a question.e.g.whether or not they would support us was a question.IfIf：“是否是否”，引导宾语从句。一般不与，引导宾语从句。一般不与or(not)or(not)连用。连用。“如果如果”，引导引导条件条件状语从句状语从句。ifif和和 whetherwhether的用法及区别的用法及区别一般来说，在宾语从句中，一般来说，在宾语从句中，if if 与与 whether whether 可以互换可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下，使用，但在特殊情况下，if if 与与 whether whether 是是不能互换不能互换的。的。(1
11、)whether(1)whether 之后紧跟之后紧跟 or not or not 时，不可与时，不可与 if if 互换。互换。e.g.Nobody knows whether or not it will e.g.Nobody knows whether or not it will rain tomorrowrain tomorrow.(2)(2)在介词后只能用在介词后只能用 whetherwhether。e.g.The boy worries about whether he e.g.The boy worries about whether he has broken has bro
12、ken his mothers heart.his mothers heart.(3)(3)与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用 whetherwhether。e.g.I cant decide whether to go or to stay.e.g.I cant decide whether to go or to stay.用用if/whetherif/whether填空填空1.It depends on 1.It depends on he is ready.he is ready.2.He doesnt know2.He doesnt know to stay or
13、not.to stay or not.3.3.the answer is true reminds a question.the answer is true reminds a question.4.Im not interested in 4.Im not interested in youll come or youll come or not.not.5.I dont care5.I dont care you still love me.you still love me.whether/ifwhetherIf/Whetherwhetherif/whetherDo you know
14、whose book it is?Do you know whose book it is?Please tell me when well have a meeting.Please tell me when well have a meeting.Could you tell me why the train is late?Could you tell me why the train is late?He asked who could answer the question.He asked who could answer the question.四四.由连接代词由连接代词who
15、,whom,whose,which,whatwho,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词和连接副词where,how,why,whenwhere,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句五五.宾语从宾语从句中时态句中时态的变化的变化I hear I hear(that)(that)Jim went to work an hour ago.Jim went to work an hour ago.he is interested in English.he is interested in English.she will come tomorrow.she will
16、 come tomorrow.Tom has been to London twice.Tom has been to London twice.当主句是当主句是一般现在时一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的要的任何一种时态任何一种时态。He saidHe saidlHe would go to Hong Kong.He would go to Hong Kong.lHe was sick.He was sick.lHe was reading a book.He was reading a book.l
17、He had finished his work.He had finished his work.lHe will go to Hong Kong.He will go to Hong Kong.lHe is sick.He is sick.lHe is reading a book.He is reading a book.lHe has finished his work.He has finished his work.当当主句是一般过去时主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过过去的某一种时态去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致，从而达到
18、主句和从句的相互一致。He told me(that)Summer is after Spring.We knew(that)the sun is much bigger than the moon.The teacher told us(that)the earth moves around the sun.当宾语从句说明的是当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态一般现在时态。主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一
19、种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时2六六.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在主语在前，谓语在后后”的顺序。的顺序。Danny says that he will learn English.Danny says that he will learn English.Do you know where he came from?Do you know where he came from?Pleas
20、e tell me how I can get to the bus Please tell me how I can get to the bus station.station.宾语从句三要素引导词that+陈述句 ifwhether+一般疑问句 特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序从句客观真理时态不变从句可为任何时态1I dont know _ he will come tomorrow_ he comes,Ill tell you Aif；Whether Bwhether；Whether Ci
21、f；That Dif；If2I dont know _ the day after tomorrow Awhen does he come Bhow will he come Cif he comes Dwhether hell come 3Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is？Awhat Bhow Cwhether Dwhere 4Could you tell me _ the radio without any help？A.how did he mend Bwhat did he mend Chow he mended Dwhat he
22、mended5I want to know _ Awhom is she looking after Bwhom she is looking Cwhom is she looking Dwhom she is looking after 6Do you know where _ now？Ahe lives Bdoes he live Che lived Ddid he live7Do you know what time _？Athe train leave Bdoes the train leave Cwill the train leave Dthe train leaves8I don
23、t know _ Can you tell me,please？Ahow the two players are old Bhow old are the two players Cthe two players are how old Dhow old the two players are 9The small children dont know .Awhat is their stockings in Bwhat is in their stockings Cwhere is their stockings in Dwhat in their stockings 10I cant understand _ Awhat does Christmas mean Bwhat Christmas does mean Cwhat mean Christmas does Dwhat Christmas means