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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - A 以字母 a 开头的单词a .; e . an art. 一个,某个,任何一个There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书;a 用在以元音因素开头的单词之前 It is good for us to eat an egg every day. 一天一个鸡蛋对我们来说是好的;an 用在以辅音因素开头的单词之前 ability .b .l .t . n. C 才能,才能,才能I have never doubted about her ability. 我对她的才能从未怀疑过;He is a man of abil
2、ities . 他是一个有多种才能的人;a man of abilities 一个有多种才能的人 He has the ability to finish the work. 他具有完成这个工作的才能;have the ability to do sth 有做某事的才能 able e .b .l adj. 有才能的,能够I am able to speak some English now. 我现在能说一些英语;be able to do sth 有能力 或方法、机会 做某事 【易错警示】 be able to 与 can (词汇辨析先从意思上区分,再从用法上区分,要语言简练,解析明白)be
3、able to be able to 表示经过努力而具备的才能,可用于各种时态;例如:I havent been able to sleep recently. 最近我睡不着觉;I am able to express my idea in a clear way. 的想法;我能清晰地表达自己can can 表示本身有做某事的才能,只有现在式(can)和过去式( could )两种;例如:about .ba .t I can finish the work in three days. 我可以在三天内完成这项工作;prep .对于,关于;在 四周;adv.大约,差不多(词义的标注:不同词性中间
4、用 隔开,同一词性的不同意思用;等)She and I disagree about it. 关于这一点,我和她看法不同;There are about 2022 students in our school. 在我们学校有大约 2022 同学;We were about to go when it suddenly rained. 我们刚要动身,突然天下雨了;be about to 即将 Then how about tomorrow. 那么明天如何?What/How about . 怎么样;(对于) 怎么样 加注:【易错警示】 about/ on aboutabout常用于简洁的或浅显的论
5、述等,是一般用语,多用于讲故事,谈话;摸索等;The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng. 锋的一个故事;老师给我们讲了关于雷on on 表示一本书、文章或演讲是庄重的、学术性的,可供特地讨论这一问题的人们参考;He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们做个关于党史的报告;above .b .v prep.在 上面;超过,多于;adj. 上面的;adv. 在上面The plane flew above the cloud.飞机在云层上面飞行;Above all, the work m
6、ust be finished before nine by ourselves. 最重要的是工作必_精品资料_ 须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成;above all 最重要的 第 1 页,共 14 页【易错警示】 above/ over/ on 表示“ 在 上”above above 表示“ 离开某物的上方” ,强调高于某一点或某一物体,但不肯定在垂直的- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 上方;另外, above 仍可指温度、数量、年龄等;如:The temperature will stay above zero in the daytime 白天
7、温度将在零度以上;There is a light above the table 桌子上方悬挂着一盏灯;(above 不强调正上方)over over 表示垂直的上方或正上方,两物体之间有肯定距离;也可指掩盖在某物上;如:There is a stone bridge over the river河上有座石桥;(不能用 above)on on 强调某物在另一物体的表面上,两者为接触关系;如:There is a book on the desk桌子上有本书;【学问拓展】反义词: below abroad .br .d adv. 在外国;广泛地After he finished middle
8、school ,he went aboard. 他中学毕业后, 到国外去了; go abroad 出国 His parents have just come back from abroad. 他的父母刚刚从海外回来,我们去探望他们吧; from abroad 从国外,从海外 我上周缺席了您的课;(be absent absent .bs.nt adj.缺席的,不在的Tom is absent on illness. 汤姆因病缺席;I was absent from your lecture last week. from 缺席)【学问拓展】昨天我反义词: present 同根词: absen
9、ce n.缺席,不在accept .ksept v . 接受,赞同I accepted many beautiful birthday presents from good friends yesterday. 从好友那里收到了许多美丽的生日礼物;加注:【易错警示】 receive/acceptacceptaccept 主要指的是概念上的接受,比方说你能接受某种学说或概念的时你候就用accept ,表示即将接受;例,can you accept this saying.能接受这种说法吗?receivereceive多数指实体上的接受,标示已接收到某物;例,did you receive acc
10、ident my mail yesterday.你昨天收到我的邮件了吗?.ks .d.nt n. C 事故,偶然的事There was a traffic accident in the street yesterday evening. 了次交通事故;a traffic accident交通事故 昨晚这条街上发生一We met together at the park gate by accident yesterday. 昨天我们偶然在公园门口相遇; by accident 意外地,偶然地 according adj. 依据 而定;adv. 依据,取决于The teacher divide
11、d the students into small groups according to their ability. 老师依据才能的高低将同学重新分成如干小组;according to 依据,依据,后接名词或代词 You will succeed according as you try again. 只有你再试一试,你将会胜利;according as 依照,依据,后接从句 ache e .k vi. 疼痛 n. C, U 痛,疼痛Soon his hand began to ache and he went to hospital. 很快 , 他的手开头疼痛, 于是他去了医院;加注:【
12、易错警示】 ache/ pain _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 14 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - acheache是 疼 痛 的 意 思 , 表 示 局 部 的 持 续 的 疼 痛 , 例 如toothache/headache ,作名词是可数名词,复数是 aches;特指人身体机能或器官上的病理疼痛 . My head is aching. pain pain 是不行数名词,长时间、不间断的疼痛;用于比如义,指心灵的伤痛,也可指付出努力;【学问拓展】同根词: stomachache 胃疼toothache 牙痛headache backa
13、che achieve .t .i .v v. 实现,达到,完成How did you achieve your goal. 您是怎样达到你的目的的?【学问拓展】同根词: achievement n. 胜利the street. 告知你的孩子们不要跑across .kr .sprep. 在 对面,穿过,横过Tell your children not to run across 着穿过大街;There is a book shop across from the bank.在银行的对面有一个书店;(across from 在 对面)【易错警示】 across 和 through across
14、表示“ 横过, 穿过” ; 着重指从物体表面的一边到另一边(表面);例如:across the street;横过公路;through “ 穿过,从 中间通过” ;着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部);例如: through the forest. 穿过森林;act .kt n. C 行为,行动;v. 行动,扮演,假装We should act at once. 我们应当立刻行动;He acted as an English teacher in that film. 他在那部电影里扮演一位英语老师;act as 充当,担任 【学问拓展】同根词: actor/actress n. 男演员 /
15、女演员action .k . .n n. C, U 行动,行为,活动We must take action right now, or well be late 我们现在就得实行行动了,否就就迟到了; take action 实行行动 Let s put the plan into action. 让我们将这个方案付诸行动;put into action 使 付诸行动 active .kt.v adj . 积极的are more active than those in Class 1. 二班The students in Class 2 的同学要比一班活跃;I don t think eve
16、ryone should take an active part in the social activities. 我认为并不是全部的人都应当积极参与到社会活动中去;take an active part in 积极参与 儿童应当activity .kt.v.t .n. C, U 活动;工作;职业Children are supposed to get 60 minutes of physical activity every day.每天获得 60 分钟的体育活动;Everybody likes to join in this activity. 每个人都情愿参与这一活动;actor .k
17、t . n. C 男演员Which actor do you like best. 你最宠爱哪个男演员;actress . ktr .s n. C 女演员The famous actress is now appearing at the Capital Theatre. 目前这位闻名女演员正在首都剧场演出;_精品资料_ actually .ktj.l . adv. 事实上,真实地第 3 页,共 14 页Actually, you do need those things.事实上,你的确需要那些东西;- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - add .dv
18、. 添加,增加,合计,相当于That will add to my pleasure. 那样会增加我的乐趣;add to 增加 Add up these figures, please. 请把这些数字加起来;add up 把 加起来 Little changes add up to a great change. 小变化累积成大变化; add up to总计达,合计达 She added sugar to her tea. 她往她的茶里加了点糖; add to 往 里面添加 address .dres n. C 地址,住址Write his address and telephone numb
19、er down. 把他的地址和电话号码登记来;admire .dma. v. 观赏,仰慕He admires your poems very much. 他很观赏你的诗;I admire for your talent a lot. 我非常佩服你的才能;admire for 因 而称赞 【学问拓展】同根词: adj . admirable 令人敬佩的;极好的;值得颂扬的;admired 受人敬佩的;感到仰慕的; admiring 称赞的,仰慕的 adv. admirably 美好地,极好地;令人敬佩地;admiringly 敬佩地;仰慕地 n. admirer 喜欢者;称赞者;敬佩者adult
20、 .d .lt; .d .lt adj. 成年的,成人的 n. C 成人,成年动物They have an adult son. 他们有一个已经成年的儿子;He has developed from a child into an adult. 他已长大成人;advantage .dv .nt .d. n. C, U 优点,利益Diligence is your advantage. 勤奋是你的优点;You should take advantage of this opportunity. 你应当好好利用这个机会;take advantage of 利用 advertisement ad .
21、dv .t .zm.nt n. C 公告,启事;广告Put an advertisement in the newspaper. 在这份报纸上刊登一份广告;advice .dva .sn. U 建议,劝说;信息jobs. 关于工作问题她给了我一条建She gave me a piece of advice about 议; a piece of advice一条建议 We should often ask our friends for good advice.我们应当常常向我们的伴侣征求好的建议; ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求 / 征求建议 Give me some ad
22、vice,dad. 爸爸,请给点建议吧;give sb. advice 向某人提建议 Please take your teachers advice ;请听从你老师的建议; take/follow ones advice接受、遵照某人的建议;听从某人劝说 advise .dva .z v. 给 出想法,建议;通知The doctor advises Tom to have a good rest. 医生建议汤姆好好休息一下;advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 He advised starting at once. 他建议立刻动身;advise doing sth.
23、建议做某事 I advised that he should go to Beijing by plane. 我 建 议 他 坐 飞 机 去 北 京 ;advise+that 从句 建议 , 后接宾语从句时, 宾语从句的谓语用 “ should+ 动词原形”结构 afford .f .d vt . 负担得起( 的费用) ,抽得出(时间)供应My parents cant even afford a new refrigerator. 我父母甚至买不起一台新冰箱;can afford 买得起;有才能负担 afraid .fre .d adj . 慌张的,可怕的I m afraid that it
24、 will rain tomorrow. 唯恐明天要下雨;Dont be afraid of asking for help from others. 不要可怕向别人求助;be afraid of 可怕 I m afraid for my sister. 我担忧我的妹妹;be afraid for sb.为 担忧 【易错警示】 be afraid of/ be afraid to do _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 14 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - be afraid to 表示因可怕而不敢做某事;例如:do of I am afraid
25、to dive into the swimming pool. 我不敢跳进游泳池里;be afraid 表示担忧某事可能发生;例如:我担忧会掉进游泳doing I am afraid of falling into the swimming pool. 池里;Africa .fr.k. n.非洲conj. 在 以后; adv. 以after .ft .prep. 在 之后,在 后面;后,晚于After you left, we all missed you. 你走了以后,我们都很想你;After breakfast, Amy took a taxi to the station. 早饭以后,埃
26、米乘出租车去了车站;It has turned out to be a nice day after all.天气最终转晴了;after all 终究,究竟 【易错警示】 1. after/ behind after 1 after 指时间的先后次序,意为“ 在 之后”(later in time than);I shall be free after ten oclock十点之后我有空;2 after 常用以指次序,意为“ 跟在 之后” 、“ 接着” 、“ 接连” ;After you,please ;您先请;(出门或进门时的客套用语)behind 1 behind 指位置的前后,意为“ 在
27、 后面”(in the rear of);The library is located behind the teaching building图书馆在教学楼的后面;2 behind 就表示“ 隐匿在后”、“ 背着”或“ 遗留在后”之意;Dont stand behind the door 不要躲在门背后;【易错警示】 2. after/ in after after +时间段,与过去时连;用after +时间点,可与将来时连用;He came back after two hours. 2 个小时后,他回来了;He will be back after two oclock.他将在 2 点钟
28、后回来;in in + 时间段,与将来时连用;He will be back in two hours.他将在 2 小时候回来;【学问拓展】反义词: before afternoon .ft .nu .n n. C 下午,午后周一下午有一节体育课;on Monday afternoonThere is a PE class on Monday afternoon.在周一下午 That baby was born on the afternoon of May 1, 2022. 那个婴儿诞生于 2022 年 5 月 1日下午;( on the af ternoon of 在 的下午)We oft
29、en have PE in the afternoon. 我们常在下午上体育课;in the afternoon 在下午 【学问拓展】对应词: morning 上午again .gen; .ge .n adv. 再,又,再一次;加之,此外 ; I called him again and again, but he didnt answer the telephone. 我一次又一次地给他打电话,可是他就是不接;again and again 一次又一次地,反复地,一再地 He came to see me now and again. 他过去来探望我;now and again 有时 aga
30、inst .genst; .ge .nst prep. 1 对着,反对; 2 靠着,依着:If no one is against this plan, lets carry it out. 假如没有人反对这个方案,那我们就开头吧;The policeman asked the young man to stand against the wall. 警察命令那个年轻人_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 14 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 靠着墙站好;【学问拓展】对应词: for prep . 赞成,支持age e .d. n. C, U 年龄;时
31、代,时期Can you tell me your age. 请告知我你的年龄好吗?He looks older for his age because of years of hard work.比实际年龄大; for one s age 论年龄 由于多年操劳,他看起来I began to learn English at the age of three. 我是在三岁时开头学英语的. at the age of 在 岁时 agent e .d. .nt n. C 代理人,经纪人ago .g . adv. 以前,以往He died two months ago. 他两个月前去世了;Long l
32、ong ago there loved horses. 很久以前,有一位国王,他宠爱马;long long ago 很久以前,从前 Some time ago, I heard he would come to see me. 不久前,我听说他要来看我;some time ago 不久前 He was here a moment ago.他刚才仍在这儿;a moment ago. 刚才 【易错警示】 ago/ before ago 1.用于一般过去时;2. 它所指的时间是从现在算起;用在时间段之前; I met her once several years ago. 几年前我曾见过她一面;be
33、fore 1. 用于过去完成时;2. 它所指的时间不是从现在算起,而是从过去某一时刻算起;用语时间点之前;Please wake me up before 8 oclock. 请在八点之前喊醒我;agree .gri . v. 看法一样;赞成;适合;I must agree your plans. 我应当赞成你的方案;【易错警示】 agree to /agree with/agree on (放在一起辨析)agree to 意思是“ 同意” , 后面接表示方案、支配、 看法、 条件之类的名词或动词原形,表示情愿帮助工作; He didn t agree to help us. 他不同意帮忙我们
34、;agree 意思是“ 与 (看法)一样” 后面一般接人,也可接看法、看法等;但不含with 有帮助的意思; I don t agree with your idea. 我不同意你的想法;agree on 意思是“ 对 取得一样看法,同意”; We couldnt agree on a date when to meet. 关于见面的日期,我们没有能取得一样看法;agreement .gri.m.ntn. U 同意,一样;C 协议 , 协定This was not an easy agreement for anyone. 这对谁来说都不是一个简洁的协议;ahead .hed adv. 向面,
35、在 前面ahead in your class. 要想在全班保持成果领You have to work hard to keep 先,你就必需努力学习;He had to work hard to remain ahead of his classmates. 他必需努力学习以保持他在同学中的领先位置;ahead of 在 之前 We must help them get ahead. 我们必需帮忙他们获得胜利 . get ahead 获得胜利,取得进步 Allow him to go ahead. 答应他走在前面;go ahead前进 , 进行 air e. n. U 大气,空气;天空,空中
36、water. 我们没有空气、 食物和水就不We cantlive without air, food and 能生存;He went to Shanghai by air last night. 他昨天晚上乘飞机去了上海;by air乘飞机 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 14 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - Some families have dinner in the open air on Mid-Autumn Festival. 有些人家中秋节那天在户外吃饭; in the open air在户外 我们在机场等了好几个小时;airlin
37、e e.la .n n. C 航线,航空公司hours. airplane e.ple .nn. C飞机airport e.p.t n. C 机场;航空港At the airport, we waited for several (at the airport在机场)alarm n. C 闹钟 , 警报He heard the alarm go off. 他听见警报器响了;Dad set the alarm for eight the next day. 爸爸把闹钟设到了第 2 天 8 点;alien n. C 外星人; adj. 外国的,外国人的An alien got out and wa
38、lked down Center Street. 一个外星人走出来,沿着中心大街往前走;album .lb .m n. 影集,集邮册He stuck her photos in the album. 他把她的相片全都贴在了相册里;alive .la .v adj.活着的,存在的She does not know if he is alive or dead. 【易错警示】 live/ alive/ living 她不知道他是活仍是死;live live /laiv/ adj . 活的(反义词:dead ,放在名词之前作定语,只能修饰物,现无感情颜色例:live fish活鱼;实况的,直播的,例
39、:a live programme 场直播;alive alive / .laiv/ adj . 在世的,活着的,:作表语形容词,既可以指人,又可以指物;例: The fish/man is alive. 作定语时,一般放在所修饰名词之后,作后置定语;例:No man alive believe it. 没有一个活着的人信任它;做宾补例:They caught enemies alive. 他们活捉敌人;living living /livi ./ adj . 活着的,现存的,当今的,既可以修饰人,又可以修饰物,作定语放在名词之前;a living writer 当代作家all .l adj.
40、 全部的,全部的; adv. 完全,非常pron. 全部All my friends do not smoke. 我的伴侣并不全都吸烟;all 与 not 连用表示部分否定 All of us must go there. 我们大家都应当去;all of 短语作主语时,all指代的数取决于of 之后名词或代词的数 all在句中做同位语时,放在beWe are all at school today. 今日我们大家都在学校;动词,助动词以及情态动词之后,动词之前 【常用搭配】all day 整日 in all 总共,合计 all in all 总而言之;头等重要的东西 all kinds of
41、各种各样 all of a sudden 突然地,出乎意料地 all the same 仍旧 all year round终年,一年到头 all alone 独自,独立地not at all 一点也不all over 处处,处处【易错警示】 all/ wholealone 1 all可以修饰各类名词, 且限定词要放在all之后;all the money/ all the time/ all the country/all the students/ all my life/ all my books;2 all 独立使用时,在句中,可以做主语,宾语和同位语;All are present.全部人都到了;I have finished all today. 今日我完成了全部的工作; They are all teachers. 我宠爱他们全部的人;他们都是老师; I like them all.lonely 1 whole 只能修饰具有整体意义的单数名词,且限定词要放在whole