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1、Using Language2021/8/11 星期三1Reading2021/8/11 星期三2ComprehensionTrue or false questions:1.I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat.2.After the crew took over the ship“Bounty”,Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart,a compass and a quadrant.FF2021/8/11 星期三33.It was very difficult
2、 for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course.4.Captain Bligh used a system called“dead reckoning”and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position.TF2021/8/11 星期三45.We completely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopeful
3、ly about what we would do when we got back to England.6.Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.FT2021/8/11 星期三57.Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way.8.We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived
4、in Timor over fifty days after being set loose in our small boat.TF2021/8/11 星期三61.Our outward voyage in the“Bounty”to Tahiti had been filled with the kind of incidents that I thought would be my stories when I returned home.剖析：剖析：in the“Bounty”to Tahiti 是介是介词短语作定语，修饰词短语作定语，修饰voyage；be filled with解作
5、：充满解作：充满”；incidents是先行词，是先行词，that引导后面定语从句，在从句中作主语；引导后面定语从句，在从句中作主语；I thought作为插入语；作为插入语；when引导后面是引导后面是时间状语从句。时间状语从句。Explanation2021/8/11 星期三7译文：我们乘坐译文：我们乘坐“邦蒂号邦蒂号”出发到出发到塔希提岛这段航程中充满了各种事件。塔希提岛这段航程中充满了各种事件。我以为回国后可以讲这些故事。我以为回国后可以讲这些故事。2021/8/11 星期三8 incident incident n.n.事件事件事件事件,事变事变事变事变 He could remem
6、ber every incident in He could remember every incident in great detail.great detail.他能把每件小事的细节都记得清楚。他能把每件小事的细节都记得清楚。他能把每件小事的细节都记得清楚。他能把每件小事的细节都记得清楚。incident incident 附带的小事件，事端，政变附带的小事件，事端，政变附带的小事件，事端，政变附带的小事件，事端，政变 accident accident 意外事故意外事故意外事故意外事故 event event 重大事件重大事件重大事件重大事件2021/8/11 星期三9How did
7、the accident happen?这起事故是怎么发生的？这起事故是怎么发生的？July 7th Incident 七七事变七七事变What were the chief events of last year?去年主要的大事是什么？去年主要的大事是什么？2021/8/11 星期三102.departure2.departure n.n.启程启程启程启程,出发出发出发出发,离开离开离开离开 a a departuredeparture lounge lounge 候车室候车室候车室候车室 departure departure date date 动身日期动身日期动身日期动身日期 depa
8、rt vi.depart vi.离开离开离开离开,起程起程起程起程,逝逝逝逝世世世世2021/8/11 星期三113.crew3.crew n.n.全体人员全体人员全体人员全体人员,(,(工作工作工作工作)队队队队 The plane had seventy passengers and The plane had seventy passengers and a a crewcrew of ten.of ten.飞机上有飞机上有飞机上有飞机上有7070名乘客和名乘客和名乘客和名乘客和1010名机务人员。名机务人员。名机务人员。名机务人员。注意注意注意注意:做主语时做主语时做主语时做主语时,如
9、看作整体如看作整体如看作整体如看作整体,谓语用单谓语用单谓语用单谓语用单数数数数;如看作成员如看作成员如看作成员如看作成员,谓语用复数。谓语用复数。谓语用复数。谓语用复数。The crew on board the plane The crew on board the plane waswas small.small.The crew The crew werewere busy preparing.busy preparing.2021/8/11 星期三124.deposit4.depositv.v.放置放置放置放置,放下放置放下放置放下放置放下放置,安置；安置；安置；安置；托付托付托付托
10、付,寄存寄存寄存寄存;存钱存钱存钱存钱 She She deposited deposited her money in the bank.her money in the bank.他把钱存到银行里。他把钱存到银行里。他把钱存到银行里。他把钱存到银行里。dilemma dilemma n.n.进退两难的局面进退两难的局面进退两难的局面进退两难的局面,困难的困难的困难的困难的选择选择选择选择(可加不定冠词可加不定冠词可加不定冠词可加不定冠词)2021/8/11 星期三13e.g.You place me in something of a dilemma.Jill was in a dilem
11、ma whether to go out with Bill or Joe.The doctor was in a dilemma whether to tell the patient the truth about his condition or not.2021/8/11 星期三145.drawback5.drawback n.n.缺点缺点缺点缺点,毛病毛病毛病毛病;不利因素不利因素不利因素不利因素 One One drawbackdrawback of New York in the of New York in the summer is the heat.summer is th
12、e heat.In spite of all its In spite of all its drawbacksdrawbacks,it was a,it was a place of quiet,peace.place of quiet,peace.The only The only drawbackdrawback of the plan is that of the plan is that it costs too much.it costs too much.2021/8/11 星期三15draw backdraw back 退回退回退回退回,往后退往后退往后退往后退 The chi
13、ldren The children drew backdrew back from the from the dog when it barked at them.dog when it barked at them.不履行不履行不履行不履行(诺言诺言诺言诺言)He will not He will not draw backdraw back from what he from what he has promised.has promised.2021/8/11 星期三166.6.dusk dusk n.n.薄暮薄暮薄暮薄暮,黄昏黄昏黄昏黄昏,暮色暮色暮色暮色 Dusk Dusk was
14、 falling.was falling.By dusk By dusk we had reached a place we had reached a place called Lion Forest.called Lion Forest.At dusk At dusk the lights of the city come on.the lights of the city come on.dawn dawn n.n.黎明黎明黎明黎明,拂晓拂晓拂晓拂晓,破晓破晓破晓破晓The darkest hour is before the The darkest hour is before the
15、 dawndawn.And And at dawnat dawn we rose and knocked at we rose and knocked at the gate of the city.the gate of the city.2021/8/11 星期三177.routine7.routine n.n.例行公事例行公事例行公事例行公事,常规常规常规常规,日常事务日常事务日常事务日常事务,程序程序程序程序 Teachers in our school will have a Teachers in our school will have a routineroutine medi
16、cal examination on medical examination on Teachers Teachers Day.Day.在教师节我们学校的教师要进行常在教师节我们学校的教师要进行常在教师节我们学校的教师要进行常在教师节我们学校的教师要进行常规的检查。规的检查。规的检查。规的检查。2021/8/11 星期三18I arrive at nine oclock,teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal;that is my morning routine.我九点钟到，上课到十二点钟，然我九点钟到，上课到十二点钟，然后吃饭；那是我上午
17、的例行做法。后吃饭；那是我上午的例行做法。2021/8/11 星期三198.pretty 8.pretty adj.adj.漂亮的漂亮的漂亮的漂亮的,优美的优美的优美的优美的,机灵的机灵的机灵的机灵的,恰当恰当恰当恰当的的的的adv.adv.相当，颇相当，颇相当，颇相当，颇a a prettypretty garden/valley garden/valley美丽的花园美丽的花园美丽的花园美丽的花园/山谷山谷山谷山谷You speak English You speak English prettypretty well.well.你的英语讲得相当好。你的英语讲得相当好。你的英语讲得相当好。你
18、的英语讲得相当好。I feel I feel prettypretty tired.tired.我感到相当疲劳了。我感到相当疲劳了。我感到相当疲劳了。我感到相当疲劳了。2021/8/11 星期三209.in addition9.in addition 另外另外另外另外 There was an earthquake and,There was an earthquake and,in in additionaddition,there were tsunamis.,there were tsunamis.除了地震之外，还有海啸。除了地震之外，还有海啸。除了地震之外，还有海啸。除了地震之外，还有
19、海啸。2021/8/11 星期三21比较：比较：in addition,in addition toin addition=as well,besides 相当于副词相当于副词in addition to=as well as 相当于介词相当于介词In addition,the owner of the land may charge an extra fee.In addition to swimming,she likes tennis.2021/8/11 星期三2210.starvation10.starvation n n.饥饿饥饿饥饿饥饿,饿死饿死饿死饿死 starve starve
20、 v.v.饥饿饥饿饥饿饥饿,饿死饿死饿死饿死 Thousands and thousands of people there Thousands and thousands of people there are on the point of are on the point of starvationstarvation.那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危险。那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危险。那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危险。那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危险。Thousands of people will Thousands of people will starvestarve i
21、f food if food doesnt reach the stricken city.doesnt reach the stricken city.如果食物不能运到那座受灾的城市，如果食物不能运到那座受灾的城市，如果食物不能运到那座受灾的城市，如果食物不能运到那座受灾的城市，成千上万的人就要饿死。成千上万的人就要饿死。成千上万的人就要饿死。成千上万的人就要饿死。2021/8/11 星期三2311.extreme 11.extreme adj.adj.尽头的尽头的尽头的尽头的,极端的极端的极端的极端的,偏激的偏激的偏激的偏激的,最后的最后的最后的最后的 n.n.极端极端极端极端,极端的事物
22、极端的事物极端的事物极端的事物 the the extremeextreme edge of the field edge of the field 原野的尽头原野的尽头原野的尽头原野的尽头 extreme extreme pleasure pleasure 极度高兴极度高兴极度高兴极度高兴 resorted to resorted to extremesextremes in the emergency in the emergency 在紧急状态下诉诸非常手段在紧急状态下诉诸非常手段在紧急状态下诉诸非常手段在紧急状态下诉诸非常手段2021/8/11 星期三2412.cope with12.
23、cope with 有效地或成功地对付或应付有效地或成功地对付或应付有效地或成功地对付或应付有效地或成功地对付或应付 A family and a full time job are a A family and a full time job are a lot to lot to cope with.cope with.照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要花很多精力。花很多精力。花很多精力。花很多精力。2021/8/11 星期三25She is not a competent driver and cant cop
24、e with driving in heavy traffic.她不是一个称职的司机，在交通拥挤她不是一个称职的司机，在交通拥挤时就开不好车。时就开不好车。deal with只是采取行动去对付某人或某只是采取行动去对付某人或某事，并不考虑成功与否。事，并不考虑成功与否。2021/8/11 星期三2613.psychologically13.psychologically adv.adv.心理上地心理上地心理上地心理上地,心心心心 理学地理学地理学地理学地 psychological psychological adj.adj.心理心理心理心理(上上上上)的的的的 psychology psyc
25、hology n.n.心理学心理学心理学心理学,心理状态心理状态心理状态心理状态 psychological psychological researchresearch 心理学研究心理学研究心理学研究心理学研究 psychological psychological warfarewarfare 心理战心理战心理战心理战 the the psychologypsychology of war of war 战争心理战争心理战争心理战争心理2021/8/11 星期三2714.tension14.tension n.n.紧张紧张紧张紧张(状态状态状态状态),),不安不安不安不安,拉紧拉紧拉紧拉紧
26、,压力压力压力压力,张力张力张力张力,牵力牵力牵力牵力,电压电压电压电压 The The tension tension of the Far East is of the Far East is building up again.building up again.中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。2021/8/11 星期三28strain/tension strain通常指过分吃力通常指过分吃力,影响健康的影响健康的紧张状态紧张状态 tension 多指由于双方或各方面关系多指由于双方或各方面关系不好所造成的紧张状态不
27、好所造成的紧张状态 Too much reading is a strain on ones eyes.The government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.2021/8/11 星期三2915.gradually15.gradually adv.adv.逐渐地逐渐地逐渐地逐渐地 gradualgradual adj.adj.逐渐的逐渐的逐渐的逐渐的,逐步的逐步的逐步的逐步的,渐进的渐进的渐进的渐进的The rock The rock graduallygradually wears away due to the w
28、ears away due to the action of the water.action of the water.由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。Computerization has resulted in the Computerization has resulted in the gradualgradual disappearance of many manual jobs.disappearance of many manual jobs.计算机化导致了许多手工工作的逐渐消失。计算机化导致了许多
29、手工工作的逐渐消失。计算机化导致了许多手工工作的逐渐消失。计算机化导致了许多手工工作的逐渐消失。2021/8/11 星期三3016.foresee16.foresee vt.vt.预见预见预见预见,预知预知预知预知 He He foresawforesaw the rapid increase in the rapid increase in unemployment.unemployment.Those who can Those who can foresee foresee difficulties on difficulties on their way to success may
30、keep calm their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.when they really appear.在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保持冷静的态度。持冷静的态度。持冷静的态度。持冷静的态度。2021/8/11 星期三3117.take ones mind off17.take ones mi
31、nd off 使某人的注意力离开使某人的注意力离开使某人的注意力离开使某人的注意力离开 keep ones mind onkeep ones mind on 专心于，把注意力集中于专心于，把注意力集中于专心于，把注意力集中于专心于，把注意力集中于 put ones mind into/toput ones mind into/to 专心于专心于专心于专心于2021/8/11 星期三3218.thirst 18.thirst n.n.渴渴渴渴,口渴口渴口渴口渴,(,(for)for)渴望渴望渴望渴望,热望热望热望热望 The soldiers died of The soldiers died
32、of thirstthirst in the desert.in the desert.士兵们在沙漠中因长期干渴而死。士兵们在沙漠中因长期干渴而死。士兵们在沙漠中因长期干渴而死。士兵们在沙漠中因长期干渴而死。He has a great He has a great thirstthirst for knowledge.for knowledge.他有强烈的求知欲他有强烈的求知欲他有强烈的求知欲他有强烈的求知欲 thirsty thirsty adj.adj.口渴的口渴的口渴的口渴的,渴望的渴望的渴望的渴望的,热望的热望的热望的热望的 He is He is thirsty thirsty f
33、or news.for news.他渴望获得新闻。他渴望获得新闻。他渴望获得新闻。他渴望获得新闻。2021/8/11 星期三3319.set loose19.set loose 出发出发出发出发,使爆炸使爆炸使爆炸使爆炸,引起引起引起引起,(,(使使使使)开始开始开始开始(做某做某做某做某事事事事)Someone has Someone has setset the tigers the tigers loose loose from from their cage and they are terrorizing their cage and they are terrorizing the
34、 town.the town.When we escape,shall we When we escape,shall we set set the the other prisoners other prisoners looseloose?2021/8/11 星期三3420.hardship20.hardship n.n.困苦困苦困苦困苦,艰难艰难艰难艰难,辛苦辛苦辛苦辛苦 a time of great economic a time of great economic hardship hardship 经经经经济极度困难的时期济极度困难的时期济极度困难的时期济极度困难的时期 Be t
35、he first to bear Be the first to bear hardshipshardships,the,the last to enjoy comforts.last to enjoy comforts.吃苦在别人前头吃苦在别人前头吃苦在别人前头吃苦在别人前头,享受在别人后头享受在别人后头享受在别人后头享受在别人后头.His father went through all kinds of His father went through all kinds of hardshipshardships in the old society.in the old society.
36、他他他他的父亲在旧社会吃尽了苦头。的父亲在旧社会吃尽了苦头。的父亲在旧社会吃尽了苦头。的父亲在旧社会吃尽了苦头。2021/8/11 星期三3521.21.the jaws of death/defeat the jaws of death/defeat =used to describe an unpleasant =used to describe an unpleasant situation that almost happens situation that almost happens 鬼门关，失败的险境鬼门关，失败的险境鬼门关，失败的险境鬼门关，失败的险境 The team sna
37、tched victory from The team snatched victory from the the jawsjaws of defeatof defeat.这个队翻盘而险胜。这个队翻盘而险胜。这个队翻盘而险胜。这个队翻盘而险胜。2021/8/11 星期三36Writing2021/8/11 星期三37Now write a report to your leader Now write a report to your leader explaining to him why you think explaining to him why you think Captain B
38、ligh should or should not Captain Bligh should or should not receive the medal.Follow these steps.receive the medal.Follow these steps.Write down your ideas in the order as they occur to you.Number the ideas so that they are in a logical order.2021/8/11 星期三38Each paragraph should explain one of Each
39、 paragraph should explain one of the reasons why Captain Bligh should the reasons why Captain Bligh should get the medal or not.get the medal or not.Your last paragraph should emphasize Your last paragraph should emphasize again the most important reasons why again the most important reasons why you
40、 think Captain Bligh should or you think Captain Bligh should or should not get the medal.should not get the medal.2021/8/11 星期三39Sample letterSample letterDear SirDear Sir，I think Captain Bligh should certainly I think Captain Bligh should certainly receive a special medal for his amazing receive a
41、 special medal for his amazing voyage across the sea to Timor.This is a voyage across the sea to Timor.This is a journey that could not have been completed journey that could not have been completed without great navigational skill.In addition without great navigational skill.In addition Captain Bli
42、gh did not lose one man.Captain Bligh did not lose one man.2021/8/11 星期三40First,he showed his leadership First,he showed his leadership qualities by sharing the food and water qualities by sharing the food and water fairly with the men in the boat.Everyone fairly with the men in the boat.Everyone wa
43、s treated equally and this made for good was treated equally and this made for good feeling between the members of the boat.feeling between the members of the boat.Second,he kept everyone in the boat Second,he kept everyone in the boat cheerful by discussing what they would docheerful by discussing
44、what they would do2021/8/11 星期三41when they arrived safely.No one was allowed to think about what might happen if they did not arrive!Third,he kept them occupied by organizing the complicated mathematical calculations needed to find their position at sea.The crew who had taken over the2021/8/11 星期三42
45、 “Bounty”had left Captain Bligh with “Bounty”had left Captain Bligh with only a quadrant and a compass.This meant only a quadrant and a compass.This meant that numerous calculations were needed to that numerous calculations were needed to find their correct position.Captain Bligh find their correct
46、position.Captain Bligh encouraged the crew in the boat to take encouraged the crew in the boat to take measurements regularly and each personmeasurements regularly and each person2021/8/11 星期三43was given a different responsibility for was given a different responsibility for working out these measur
47、ements.This working out these measurements.This activity was important because it stopped activity was important because it stopped the men from thinking about how little the men from thinking about how little food and water there was.food and water there was.2021/8/11 星期三44So I hope you will give Captain Bligh this medal.He has shown leadership,fairness and concern for his crew and helped them return to England safely.Yours,(your name)2021/8/11 星期三45HomeworkFinish exercises in workbook.2021/8/11 星期三462021/8/11 星期三47