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1、倒装倒装(全部倒装和部分倒装全部倒装和部分倒装)基本语序基本语序（natural order）：）：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（subject+predicate+object）I love English.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装(full inversion)Here came the headmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词动词部分倒装部分倒装(partial inversion)Never will I forgive you.全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l1.There be 句型句型l在 there be 句子中，谓语是be,ex
2、ist,live,lie 等表示状态的不及物动词。动词后的名词为句子的主语。句子的谓语应与最靠近它的主语相一致。l例如：lThere is nobody in the classroom.lThere seems something wrong with my radio.lThere happened an event last week.lThere stands a temple on the top of the mountain.全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l2.用于由here,there,now,then 等副词引导的句子，通常称作把时间状语或地点状语提前的倒装句，其谓
3、语动词通常跟在时间状语或地点状语之后。Then came a new development that had a far-reaching effect.Once upon a time,there lived a man in the mountain.车来了。车来了。Here _铃响了。铃响了。There_该你的了。该你的了。Now_comes the bus.goes the es your turn.注意注意:当代词做主语时，主谓语序不变当代词做主语时，主谓语序不变。Here he comes.Here you are.全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l3.在带有助动词“be
4、”的句子中，动词-ing和-ed形式等表语可移至句首，主语移至“be”后面，形成全部倒装。l例如：Running across it is a stream.Buried in the sands was an ancient village.Happy is he who devoted himself to the cause of communism.So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare.全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l4.为了使描写的景象更生动,常把拟声词或away,in,out,up 等状语放在句首,从而引起
5、主谓全部倒装。l例如：Down it fell from the apple tree.The door opened.In rushed the crowd.注注:当代词做句子的主语时当代词做句子的主语时,句子不能倒装。句子不能倒装。Away they went.Back they fought.Up it flew.全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l5.地点状语提前，为了保持句子平衡且谓语是地点状语提前，为了保持句子平衡且谓语是be,stand,sit,lie 等动词时等动词时。例如：South of the city lies a big steel factory.From t
6、he valley came the frightened sound.In front of the farmhouse sat a small boy.On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse.全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l6.用于表示祝愿的句型。May you live a long and happy life!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!全部倒装句的具体用法全部倒装句的具体用法l7.直接引语位于句首时。l“Youve made great progress this
7、 term.”said the teacher.l“Tom”,said his father,”You shouldnt make friends with such boys!”注意：注意：1)主语是代词时，通常不倒装主语是代词时，通常不倒装“Where are you going?”He asked.2)引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装“Why didnt you join us!”Our monitor asked us.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法l1.句首是否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，常用部分倒装。l例如：Not a
8、single book he read that month.Under no circumstances shall we cancel the party.常用于这一结构的词或短语有：never,not,not until,at no/other time,by no means,under no circumstances,hardly,scarcely,seldom,in no way,in vain,little,rarely,few,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen,nowhere,not onlybut also,not a single wor
9、d,not frequentlyNot only+分句分句,but also+分句分句句型中的句型中的前一前一分句要部分倒装分句要部分倒装。如如:NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但但not only.but also.连接主语时连接主语时,不倒装。不倒装。如如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick._himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Noto
10、nlywasNot until放在句首放在句首,从句不倒装从句不倒装,主句倒装主句倒装。如如:Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复合句)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_knowwhatheatis.A.mandidB.manC.didntmanD.didmanNotuntilIbegantowork_realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.
11、didntIB.didIC.IdidntD.I部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法l2.only 副词 介词短语 状语从句位于句子开头时：lOnly in this way can you master English.lOnly then did we realize that the man was blind.lOnly when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.lOnly by this means is it possible to explain it.常用短语还有：only by
12、 chance,only then,only with difficulty,only on a rare occasion 等等。Only副词副词介词短语介词短语状语从句状语从句+倒装句倒装句如置于句首的如置于句首的only修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。修饰主语，则不用倒装结构。Only Mother can understand me.Only three of us failed in the exam.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法3.在“sothat”和“suchthat”结构中，将“soadj.”和“suchn.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装，lSo carelessly d
13、id he drive that he almost killed himself.l2.So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him.l3.So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.l4.So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.l5.Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out
14、 all these difficult problems.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法4.在在方式或频度副词方式或频度副词(短语短语)often,always,many a time等开头的句子中等开头的句子中时时，句子需要部分倒装。，句子需要部分倒装。lMany a time has John given me good advice.lOften have we made that test.lAlways did the soldier go to help the villagers.lOften did we warn them not to do so.lWell d
15、o I remember the day I saw a wild tiger.lMany a time did he go swimming in the river.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法5.用于以 neither,nor 开始的省略句，表示“也不”；用于以 so 开始的省略句，表示“也如此”。例如：I dont care for sweet.Neither do I.Im not very fond of carrots.Nor am I.I enjoyed the play and so did my sisters.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法6.在虚拟
16、语气中，条件从句的 if 省略时，had,were,should,could 需与主语倒装。例如：Were I you,I wouldnt ask such a silly question.Had I been there,I should have known what had happened.Should it rain,the crops would grow better.Were I your father,I would not give you the money.Had it not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk
17、.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法7.在比较和方式状语从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常在主语前加助动词 do/did 代替前面已出现过的动词。l例如：I spend more than do my friends.She traveled a great deal as did most of her friends.部分倒装句的具体用法部分倒装句的具体用法8.as/though 引导让步状语从句，位于句首引导让步状语从句，位于句首.从句须倒装，从句须倒装，即把表语，状语或谓语动词放在即把表语，状语或谓语动词放在as之前。之前。Try as he might,he didnt pass
18、 the exam.Hard as I studied,I could not catch up with them.Old as they were,they stuck on working.Child as he is,he knows lots of things.*如果单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，如果单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，则不用冠词则不用冠词倒装句的特殊用法倒装句的特殊用法1.在以So开始的省略句中，表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定时，不必用倒装句倒装句。Its cold today.So it is.You have a color TV set.So I have.2.however/no matter how 等引导的让步状语从句中等引导的让步状语从句中,常将从常将从句中的形容词句中的形容词.副词提到句首副词提到句首,紧跟在紧跟在however 之后之后,但但从句的主从句的主谓语序不倒装谓语序不倒装.However difficult computer science is,I will try my best to master it.3.how和what引起的感叹句(1)How形容词/副词主语谓语，如：How blue the sky looks!(2)What形容词名词主语谓语，如：What a clever boy he is!