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1、An Integrated English Course (2nd Edition) Book 1Unit5Text I How to Be True to YourselfText ComprehensionDecide which of the following best states the authors purpose of writing.BJudge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T. Refer to Paragraph 1.2. T. Refer t
2、o Paragraph 2.3. F. The statement is false because the 12th sponge had been under the surgeons foot as stated in Paragraph 7.4. T. Refer to Paragraphs 9, 10 and 11.5. T. Refer to the last paragraph.III. Answer the following questions.1. Refer to paragraphs 4, 9, and 12. They arc, first, to stand fir
3、mly for your convictions in the face of personal pressure; second, always lo give others credit (hat is rightfully (heirs; and (hird, to be honest and open about what you really are.2. Refer to Paragraph 8. The author concludes (hat you cant give in when you know you are right.3. Refer to Paragraph
4、9. This example shows that you should appreciate and accept those who are smarter and brighter than you are.4. Refer to Paragraph 12. They usually rely on their external factors. They do so because, neglecting the development of their inner value and personal growth, only their looks or status can m
5、ake they feel good.5. Refer to Paragraph 14. They arc sclf-rcspcct and a clear conscience.6. Refer lo the last paragraph. A life of principle will always win the day without succumbing (o (he seductive sirens of an easy morality, and will take you forward into the 21st century without having to chec
6、k your tracks in a rearview mirror.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1. integrity suggests having ones own norms and rules of judging what is right and what is wrong, which one should not give up for immediate personal advantages.2. Integrity is rare at presen
7、t.3. An explanation was given for how all instruments and material were used and located during an operation.4. When you are right, you should insist.5. Unavoidably they will do everything possible to keep their looks and status.Structural analysis of the textThe writer explains the principles mainl
8、y by using examples (as in the explanation of the first two principles) and persuasion (as in that of the third).1. The sentences used to define and explain the notion of integrity are:. integrity means having a personal standard of morality and ethics that does not sell out co expediency and that i
9、s not relative to the situation at hand. Integrity is an inner standard for judging your behavior. it is the real bottom line in every area of society. And it is something we must demand of ourselves. (Paragraph 2)Self-respect and a clear conscience are powerful components of integrity and are the b
10、asis for enriching your relationships with others. (Paragraph 14)Integrity means you do wha( you do because its right and not just fashionable or politically correct. (Paragraph 15)VocabularyI. Explain the underlined part(s) in each sentence in your own words.1. that is currentdifficult to find or o
11、btain2. make an effort to obtainInsist on / Stick to; despite / when faced with3. Always recognize and praise others achievement justlybehave in a way that is natural, or normalII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. appointed2. poli
12、tically3. account for4. succumbed to 5. ensured6. instinctively7. tough8. object9. challenge10. seductiveIII. Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.1. D 2. A 3. B 4.C5. B 6. A 7. C 8. AFill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in its appropriat
13、e form and note the difference of meaning between them.1. Morality means the rightness or pureness of behaviour; ethics refers to (the study of) questions about what is morally right and wrong.a. Moralityb. moralityc. ethicsd. ethicsDemand commonly suggests a speaker in authority who bluntly insists
14、 upon being obeyed and does not intend to be contradicted, while ask means to “call on somebody for an answer; request information; invite. Also, the usage and structural requirements of these two words are different, as is shown in the exercises.a. demandsb. askedc. askingd. demandedGenuine emphasi
15、zes the fact of not being spurious, adulterated, imitated or counterfeit, while real refers (o physically existent things.a. realb. genuinec. reald. genuinePreserve emphasizes keeping something that is valuable exactly as it is, without change and even without using it at all. Save suggests rescuing
16、 something with a sense of great urgency.a. preserveb. preservec. saved. saveV. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Synonym: truthful (upright, frank)Antonym: outer (external, exterior)2. Synonym: rare (uncommon, scant)Antonym: fire (sack,
17、dismiss)3. Synonym: resolutely (determinedly, unyieldingly)Antonym: fearless (dauntless, brave, bold)4. Synonym: unpleasant (disagreeable)Antonym: unfashionable (old-fashioned, outdated)VI. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized word in the bracketI. ine
18、xperienced2. rightful3. impoliteness4. handful5. heady6. straightening7. sleepy8. beggarGrammarI. Explain the functions of the following imperative sentences (祈使句).1. Giving instruction.2. Expressing a wish.3. Making a suggestion.4. Giving an order.5. Giving an order and expressing anger.6. Inviting
19、.7. Warning.8. Forbidding.II. Rewrite the following using the imperative.1. Take a break.2. Lets not stay here any longer.3. Stop criticizing others.4. Have another biscuit, please.5. In this play you be the princess and 1 be the witch.(Here “you” and I are explicit subjects of the imperative senten
20、ces.)Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.6. Don?t you ever be late again! / Never be late again!7. Let us never forget the brave men and women who made the ultimate sacrifice.III. Add a question tag to the following statements.1. will / can / cant you(After a positive imperative, the question (a
21、g can be “will / would / can / cant / wont you ?” “Wont is used to in vile, “will / would / can / canT are used to tell people lo do things, “would is less forceful than “will” and much less common.)will / wont you2. will you (After a negative imperative, the question tag is “will you?”shall we (Sha
22、ll we“ occurs especially in suggestions opening with Leis.)3. would / could / can youwill / wont / cant you4. will youshall wcIV. Arrange the following sentences according to the degree of politeness.3,548,7,2,1,6Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases in the box.1. another (Anoth
23、er“ can be either a determiner 限定词 or a pronoun. As a determiner, it is used before a singular noun.)another2. others (Others” is pronoun which means “other ones.”other3. another (Doing another” is an elliptical 省略的 structure. With the elliptical items recovered, it reads: doing is another thing.)th
24、e other (The other“ is definite in reference.)4. the othersanother, others (Another” is a pronoun here, referring to “another brolher.)VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, using wh-clauses as subject complements (主语补语).Additional example: And that is exactly what her parent
25、s expected her to be a world famous ballerina (芭蕾舞女).Translation Exercises1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1 .人的一生就像被刚降下的雪覆盖的田野，无论在哪儿走过都会留下自己的足迹。2 .他们本能地明白：为人正直就意味着具有个人道德和伦理的标准，那就是决不迁就权宜之计， 也不为眼前的形势所左右。3 .那些缺乏真正的根本价值观的人依赖于外因一一自己的长相或地位一一以获得良好的自我感 觉。4 .为人正直就意味着凡事都因其正确而为之，并非仅仅是为了赶时髦或趋炎
26、附势。II. Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.1 .那个精神病医生因谈论他的病人而被指控违反了职业道德规范。(ethics)That psychiatrist, who had talked about his patients in public, was charged with violating professional elhics.2 .教室的墙上悬挂着一些名人名言，令人鼓舞，催人奋发。(hangon)Hangi
27、ng on (he walls of the classroom are some famous sayings, which inspire and urge people to exert themselves.3 .各种各样的商品应有尽有，没有什么东西供应不足。(in shori supply)All kinds of commodities are available. Nothing is in short supply.4 .我们都信任董事长，因为他是个刚直不阿的人。(integrity)We all trust the president of the board of dire
28、ctors, who is a man of absolute integrity.5 .在我们投票支持他之前，我们想知道他的主张。(stand for)Before we vote fbr him, we want to know what he stands for.6 .这笔钱是在被告家里发现的，被告不能对此做出令人满意的解释。(account for)The defendant couldnt account for the fact that the money was found in his house.7 .我看到他是正确的，我只好放弃原来的主张。(backdown)When
29、I saw that he was right, I had to back down.8 .因为她既聪明又勤奋，所以被任命为销售经理。(即point)She has been appointed sales director, for she is both clever and diligent.9 .本届政府所面临的最大挑战之一是创造新的工业和新的就业机会。(challenge)One of the biggest challenges faced by the present government is that of creating new industriesand new jo
30、bs10 .我们的战士们猛攻敌人的堡垒，其势如暴风骤雨，没过多久，敌人就投降了。 (succumb) The enemy succumbed soon after our soldiers stormed its stronghold.Exercises for integrated skillsDictationIn order to learn to be ones true self, / it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge / of what has been said and done in the wor
31、ld; / critically to inquire into it; / carefully to consider it; / clearly to analyze it; / and earnestly to carry it out.It matters not what you learn, / but when you once learn a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have thoroughly understood it. / It matters not what you try to think of
32、, / but when you once try to think of a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have done it thoroughly and well.If another man succeeds by one effort, / you will use a hundred efforts. / If another man succeeds by ten efforts, / you will use a thousand.I. Fill in each blank in the passage be
33、low with ONE word you think appropriate.1. how2. based3. leads4. chose5. discoveries6. responses7. what(ever)8. state9. direct10. BecauseWritingCombine the following sentences with appropriate subordinating conjunctions (从属连词)and delete unnecessary words.1. Although commercials are necessary for bus
34、iness, they call be annoying to the public.2. Health is above wealth because the latter cannot give so much happiness as the fonner.3. The manager wrote down the name of the new software for fear that he should / would forget it.(The subjunctive mood is necessary after for fear (hat.)He still won th
35、e game even though he had broken his wrist.4. My teacher seems to have a ready-made answer, no matter when / whenever / every time I ask him.5. No matter how / However much money you are making, you will never be able to buy your time back.6. One call not leam a foreign language well unless he studi
36、es hard.7. The lecturer raised his voice so that / in order that we could hear him clearly. (Purpose)Or: The lecturer raised his voice so that we heard him clearly. (Result)People do not know the value of health until they lose it.8. Just as one cannot judge a person by his appearance, so one cannot
37、 judge a book by its cover.ListeningTRANSCRIPTBosses or Workers(C = Caroline G = George)C: You know, the trouble with this firm is that there arc too many bosses and too few workers.G: What do you mean? Were all workers.C: No, were not. Were bosses. Im in charge of Personnel and youre Sales Manager.
38、 I engage staff and try to sort out their personal problems and generally keep (hem happy, but I dont go looking fbr them. I wait for them to come to me. I dont go down and work on the factory floor myself.Everything I deal with -aggression, individualism, racial prejudice-is secondhand.G: Yes, but
39、surely thats the whole idea. You have to be objective. You wouldnt be able to give them the right advice if you were mixed up in all their problems.C: Of course I would. Id be one of them. Id be able to judge much better if they were telling me their troubles, or if they were just having me on becau
40、se theyd had a row with someone or thought the foreman had a down on themthings like that. As fbr you.G: What about me?C: Well, all you deal with are facts and figures, not people. You dont have to go out on the road and try to get orders from people you dont like and spend most of your nights in se
41、cond-rate hotels up and down the country.G: Most of our reps do a pretty good job. Sales figures have been most encouraging this year. I admit there arc one or two areas where I think wc could do better.C: Thats exactly what I mean. You think - you dont know. You sit there in your comfortable office
42、 with your three telephones and you can make or break a man just by looking at a sales chart. Youre a boss. You dont do the real work, but youre paid twice as much as the people who do.G: Arent you getting things a bit out of proportion? Any organization needs managers and managers need the workers.
43、 So long as theres a good relationship between them the firm will prosper.C: Oh, its all too easy from where you and I are standing. I think every boss should spend at least three months every year working on the factory floor, subject to the same rules and discipline as all the other workers.G: Wou
44、ld you be prepared to do that yourself?C: In theory, yes, but in practice, no. I havent got any practical skills, you see, so I dont think Id he a lot of use. Id probably always be running to the Personnel Office to try and get myself moved to another department.Key to listening exercises:CarolineGe
45、orgePosition in the firmPersonnel ManagerSales ManagerDeal withPeopleFacts and figuresProblemEverything she deals with is secondhandHe just sit there in his comfortable office with three telephones but he can make or break a man just by looking at a sales chart.SolutionBe one of the workersGo out on
46、 the road and try to get orders from people.There are too many bosses and too few workers.1. So long as theres a good relationship between the managers and the workers the firm will prosper.2. She thinks every boss should spend at least (hree months every year working on (he factory floor, subject t
47、o the same rules and discipline as all the other workers.3. In practice, shed be of no use because she hasnt got any practical skills.Text II Becoming a Child of Nature: Its a Twofold Task of Parents andChildrenKey to questions for discussionChildren discover and understand the beauty of nature and
48、their parents take the initiative and help them (o do so.1. They will respect nature and try to preserve it when they arc older.2. By exploring their environment children can gain an understanding of (he world in an interesting and more complex way and create their own intellectual conceptions of reality.3. The author believes that parents own experience can stimulate the natural curiosity of children and nourish their innate desire to learn.4. By continually interacting with their environmen