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1、2022中考英语语法细分命题点复习专题13动词语态讲义目录考向一 各时态被动语态构成1考向二 含情态动词被动语态14考向一各时态被动语态构成.一般现在时被动语态谓语构成：am/is/are+done例句：These books are designed for children.这些书是为孩子们设计的。1 .一般过去时被动语态谓语构成：was/were+done例句：The letter was written in English.这封信是用英语写的。2 .一般将来时被动语态谓语构成：am/is/are going to be+done或will be+done例句：Your job wil
2、l be kept open for your return.你的工作将保存至I你回来。When will the work be finished?这项工作什么时候完成？3 .现在完成时被动语态谓语构成：have/has been+done例句：He has been sent to work in Shanghai.他已经被派往上海工作了。4 .现在进行时被动语态谓语构成：am/is/are+being done例句：Because my car is being repaired, I have to go to work by taxi.因为我的车正在修理，所以我不 得不坐出租车去上班
3、。5 .过去进行时被动语态谓语构成：was/were+being done例句：The hall was being built last year. V m not sure if it is completed.这个个大厅去年正在修建,我 不清楚建好了没有。6 .过去完成时被动语态谓语构成：had been+done例句：The room had been broken into before we came.我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。23. （ 2021 湖南怀化）In the big earthquake of Gansu, people to the safe places
4、 by the army.A . take B . took C . were taken【答案】C【详解】句意：在甘肃大地震中，人们被军队带到了平安的地方。考查被动语态。结合语境可知，句子主语people与动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态, 描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动，应选co（ 2021 广西玉林）Mom, I feel a little bit hungry now.一These cakes withchocolate. Have some, please.A . are filled B . filled C . fill D . are filling【答案】A
5、【详解】句意：妈妈，我现在觉得有点饿了。这些蛋糕满满的巧克力。请吃一些。考查动词短语。are filled 一般现在时的被动结构；filled过去式；fill动词原形；are filling现在 进行时结构；句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，此处应用被动结构，构成短语be filled with”装 满”，应选Ao（ 2021 广西河池）All customers to take their temperatures when they enter thesupermarket.A . is asked B . was asked C . are asked D . were asked【答案】C
6、【详解】句意：所有顾客进入超市时都被要求量体温。考查一般现在时被动语态。主语all customers与动词ask之间是被动关系，且根据“enter”可知, 句子用一般现在时，故此处应填一般现在时被动语态is/am/are done的结构，应选Co（ 2021 四川泸州）Im still working because Im still capable and hope to guide more young people/5 said Wu Mengchao when he.A . is interviewed B . is interviewing C . was interviewed
7、D . was interviewing【答案】c【详解】句意：吴孟超在接受采访时说：“我还在工作，因为我还有能力，希望能引导更多的年轻人。”考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析“When he”并结合选项可知，该句为被动语态，根据“said” 可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词，“interview”的 过去分词是“interviewed”。应选Co（ 2021 黑龙江虎林）Our sports meeting until the end of July.A . puts off B . will put off C . will be put off【
8、答案】C【详解】句意：我们的运动会将推迟到七月底。考查被动语态。句子主语sports meeting与动词put off之间是被动关系，应用被动结构，结合 选项可知，C选项是一般将来时的被动，应选Co（ 2021 吉林）一 Lets eat some snacks. 一 Better not. Eating in the library.A . are not allowed B . doesnt allow C . is not allowed【答案】C【详解】句意：我们吃点零食吧。最好不要。图书馆内不允许进食。考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语Eating是动作allow的承受者，用被动语态，
9、主语是动名词,be动词用is。应选C。24. （ 2020黑龙江牡丹江）一Its reported that 31 of the brave young men in a big forest firein Sichuan. 一I dont know who they are, but I know who they are for.A . had killed B . killed C . were killed【答案】c【详解】句意：据报道31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。我不知道他 们是谁，但是我知道他们为了谁。考查被动语态。had killed过去完成时；killed杀死，
10、过去式或过去分词形式；were killed 一般 过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知，that从句中的主语31 of the brave young men与动词构成被 动关系,应用被动语态，A和B都不对。应选Co（ 2020江苏南通）As soon as books, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A . are raised B . were raised C . raised D . have raised【答案】B【详解】句意：书一被筹集好，志愿者们就给希望小学的学生们寄去了。考查一般过
11、去时的被动语态。A. are raised表一般现在时被动语态；B. were raised表一般过去 时被动语态；C. raised表一般过去时；D. have raised表现在完成时。从句主语books和谓语raise 之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，C、D选项可排除。根据英语语法，as soon as引导时间状 语从句时，主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时或过去完成时。该句主句为一般过去时，故 从句应用一般过去时的被动语态，应选B。25. （ 2020福建）一 Your hometown is famous for tea, right? 一 Yes. Now tea plants o
12、nmost mountains here.A . will grow B . are grown C . were grown【答案】B【详解】句意：你的家乡以茶而闻名，是么?【详解】句意：你的家乡以茶而闻名，是么?是的，现在茶树在这儿的大多数山上种植。考查动词的时态。will grow动词的一般将来时；are grown动词的一般现在时的被动语态；were grown动词的一般过去时的被动语态。根据now可知是一般现在时；主语tea plants和动词plant 之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态are growno应选Bo（ 2020湖北）一Do you need any help?一
13、No, thanks. We a lot of supportsince last year.A . have offered B . have been offered C . were offered D . were offering【答案】B【详解】句意：一你需要帮助吗？不，谢谢。自去年以来，我们得到了许多支持。考查现在完成时的被动语态。offer提供。have offered现在完成时；have been offered现在完成 时的被动语态；were offered 一般过去时的被动语态；were offering过去进行时。主语“We”与动 词offer之间是动宾关系，此处用被动
14、语态，结合题干中“since last year”可知要用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been offeredo应选Be（ 2020贵州黔西）A number of volunteers will for the 2022 Beijing Winter OlympicGames.A . be needed B . are needed C . are needing D . be needing【答案】A【详解】句意：2022年北京冬奥会需要一批志愿者。考查被动语态。主语volunteers与谓语need之间为动宾关系,故应用被动语态,C、D选项可 排除。空格前为w
15、ill ,故应用will be needed结构。应选Ao（ 2021 四J11成华二模）How fresh the air in the park is!Exactly! A lot of more treesin the last few years here.A . have planted B . were planted C . have been planted【答案】c【详解】句意：公园里的空气多么新鲜啊！确实是。过去几年里，这里种了更多的树。考查被动语态。句中主语“A lot of more trees”和谓语动词plant构成动宾关系，应用被动语态。由句中“in the la
16、st few years”可知，此句应用现在完成时的被动语态，表示从过去持续到现在的 动作，其构成为“has/have+过去分词”，应选Ce考向二含情态动词被动语态含情态动词的被动语态谓语结构：情态动词+be+done.例句：Her temperature should be taken twice a day.她的体温应该一天量两次。If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。26. （ 2021 贵州毕节）No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the p
17、roblems can in the end.A . solve B . be solved C . answer D . be answered【答案】B【详解】句意为：无论我们将遇到多少困难，我相信最终所有的问题都会得到解决。考查被动语态和动词辨析。solve解决;answer回答;根据句意可知，此处指的是问题会解决, 句子主语problems与动词solve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态，此处是情态动词 的被动，结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”，应选Bo36（ 2021 江苏镇江）More dinosaur fossils（化石），including footprints, b
18、ones or eggs, couldin the future.A . discover B . be discovered C . have discovered D . be discovering【答案】B【详解】句意：未来可能会发现更多的恐龙化石，包括脚印、骨头或蛋。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语More dinosaur fossils是动作discover的承受者，用含有情 态动词could的被动语态表示。应选Bo.（ 2021 天津河东模拟预测）What should we do first if we want to develop our village?Alot of
19、new roads, I think.A . must build B . have to build C . must be built D . have built【答案】C【详解】句意：如果我们想开展我们的村庄，我们首先应该做什么？我认为必须修建 许多新道路。考查情态动词的被动语态。主语与动词build之间是被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态结构是：情态动词+be+动词过去式，应选Co37 . （ 2021 四J11达州）一 Why do some whales have to? 一 Because humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. So
20、me of them are.A . protect; dangerousB . protect; endangeredC . be protected; dangerous D . be protected; endangered【答案】D【详解】句意：为什么要保护一些鲸鱼？因为人类捕捉鲸鱼是为了获取肉、脂肪和油。其中一些濒临灭绝。考查被动语态和形容词辨析。endangered濒临灭绝的；dangerous危险的；句子主语whales与 动词protect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，have to是情态动词，此处构成情态动词的被动结 构，排除A/B选项；结合常识可知，保护鲸鱼是因为一些鲸鱼
21、濒临灭绝，第二空应用形容词endangered作表语，应选Do38 .（ 2021 辽宁大东二模）Well have a birthday party for the child. A pet dog to him as a gift.A . may give B . may be given C . must give D . must be given【答案】B【详解】句意：我们将为这个孩子举行生日聚会。宠物狗可以作为礼物送给她。考查情态动词的被动语态。根据情境可知，A pet dog”可以作为礼物送给他，应该使用“may” ; 且“A pet dog”和“give”之间存在被动关系，所以
22、应该使用情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+ 过去分词。应选及. （ 2021 广西匕海市教育教学研究室二模）What can we do to protect our environment, Laura? 一To make our city more beautiful, rubbish into the river.A . neednt be thrown B . mustnt be thrownC . cant throwD . may not throw【答案】B【详解】句意：我们能做些什么来保护我们的环境，劳拉？为了使我们的城市更美丽, 垃圾不能扔进河里。考查含情态动词的被动语态。
23、rubbish与throw之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；根据To make our city more beautiful”可知垃圾应禁止被扔进河里，用mustnt be thrown符合语境。应选Bo.（ 2021 云南昆明）A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they to make theirown decisions.A . should allow B . shouldnt allow C . should be allowed D . shouldnt be allowed【答案】C【详解】句意：很多青少年认为随
24、着他们年龄的增长和智慧的提高，他们应该被允许自己做决定。考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语“they”与allow之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态；再由“as they are older and wise尸可知随着他们更年长、更聪明,应该被允许自己做决定，用肯定句。应选C。39 . （ 2021 湖北保康一模）一What do you think of the games on the internet? 一 I think they for students during the weekdays.A . should be closed B . are closed C . closed D
25、. were closed【答案】A【详解】句意：一你觉得网上的游戏怎么样？我认为他们应该在工作日为对学生关闭。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“theyfor students during the weekdays”可知，they是动作close的承受者,表示建议,用should be done结构表被动,应选A。1. （ 2021 四J11凉山）Every year, millions of plastic bottles away, polluting the land andwaterways.一Thafs terrible. We should protect our enviro
26、nment.A . threw B . are thrown C . have thrown D . were thrown【答案】B【详解】句意：每年，数以百万计的塑料瓶被丢弃，污染了土地和水道。那太可怕了。 我们应该保护我们的环境。考查一般现在时被动语态。根据every year”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语“plastic bottles 与动词“thrown”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时被动语态is/are/am done的结构，应选Bo 2. （ 2020江苏盐城）It is said that Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railwayin Dece
27、mber,2020.A . complete B . is completed C . was completed D . will be completed【答案】D【详解】句意：据了解，盐城至南通高速铁路将于2020年12月建成。考查被动语态。complete完成，动词原形；is completed 一般现在时的被动语态 ;was completed 一般过去时的被动语态；Will be completed 一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句主语 Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway与动词complete是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A ;再 根据句
28、中的in December, 2020可知是将来的一个时间，因此应用一般将来时态。应选D。3 .一Lily, will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?-Im not sure. Because I sofar.A . have invited B . wasnt invited C . have been invited D . will be invited【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：-莉莉，这个周六你参加詹尼的生日派对吗？-我不确定，因为我目 前为止还没有被邀请。主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；SO far ,现在完成
29、时的标志词，应选Co. （ 2020湖南益B日）A 3-kilometer-long bridge in our hometown three years ago.A . has built B . is built C . was built【答案】C【详解】句意：我们家乡三年前建了一座3公里长的桥。考查一般过去时的被动语态。build建造。has built现在完成时；is built 一般现在时的被动语态； was built 一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“A 3-kilometer-long bridge”与动词build之间是动宾 关系，此处用被动语态；结合时间状语“three y
30、ears ago”可知是一般过去时的被动语态。应选Co 5. （ 2020江苏南京）Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai to be separated intofour different groups.A . is requiring B . is required C . was required D . required【答案】B【详解】句意：现在，上海市日常生活垃圾被要求分为四类。考查被动语态。is requiring要求，现在进行时；is required被要求，一般现在时的被动语态； was required被要求，一
31、般过去时的被动语态；required要求，一般过去时；根据句意理解可知， 句子主语waste与谓语动词require之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；句中的时间是now , 所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态，应选B。6. （ 2021 内蒙古呼和浩特）In the year of 2020, each of us by the people like ZhongNanshan and Li Lanjuan who taught us how to fight against the difficulties in life with a strong will. A . were greatl
32、y encouraged B . greatly encouragesC . greatly encouragedD . was greatly encouraged【答案】D【详解】句意：在2020年，我们每个人都受到钟南山、李兰娟等人的鼓舞，他们教会我们如何 以坚强的意志与生活中的困难作斗争。考查被动语态。根据by the people like Zhong Nanshan and Li LanjuarT可知，主语“each of us”与 动词“encourage”是被动关系，目时间状语“in the year of 2020”是一般过去时标志词，句子应用被 动语态was/were do
33、ne的机构，each of修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数形式，应选D。7. （ 2021 黑龙江牡丹江）Some new airports in the west of our country. It will save our timeto go there.A . build B . will build C . will be built【答案】C【详解】句意：我国西部将修建一些新机场。去那里会节省我们的时间。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据It will save”可知此处讲述的是将来的动作，主语airports与 动词build之间是被动关系，表示“将被建”用will be builto应
34、选Co（ 2021 四J11乐山）Have you tasted zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese rice dumplings?一Sure. If s said that a lot of zongzi at the food factory twenty days ago.A . are made B . were made C . made【答案】B【详解】句意：一你吃过粽子吗，一种中国传统的粽子？当然。据说二十天前食品厂做 了很多粽子。考查一般过去时被动语态。主语zongzi”与动词“make”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“twenty days
35、 ago”是一般过去时标志词，故此处应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，应选Bo 9.Many comic books into cartoons in the past 40 years.A . make B . are made C . have make D . have been made【答案】D【详解】试题分析：句意：在最近的40年里，许多的漫画被制成了动画。漫画和拍制之间是被动的关系，故用被动语态，访the past 40years,是现在完成时的标志词，应选Do考点：考查现在完成时态的被动语态的用法（ 2021 江苏徐州）The 19th Asian Gam
36、es in Hangzhou in September 2022.1 cant wait!A . were held B . will be held C . have held D . are held【答案】B【详解】句意：第十九届亚运会将于2022年9月在杭州举行，我等不及了。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据题干，可知主语“The 19th Asian Games” （第十九届亚运会） 和其谓语“hold”（举行）之间是被动关系，且题干时间状语“in September 2022”表示的语境是将 来时态,因此设空处应用一般将来时态的被动语态，即will be held符合语境，应选Bo（
37、2021 湖南株洲）This TV program discusses where the best tea leaves.A . were produced B . have produced C . produced【答案】A【详解】句意：这个电视节目讨论最好的茶叶是在哪里生产的。考查一般过去时被动语态。主语the best tea leaves与produce是被动关系，且“茶叶生产”这个 动作是发生在过去，故从句要用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，应选A。10. （ 2021 青海）Students begin to pay more attention to su
38、bjects of art education.一Thats true.They in senior high school entrance examination.A . are tested B . were tested C . will be tested【答案】c【详解】句意：学生开始重视艺术教育的学科。是真的。他们将在中考中接受测试。考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“They.in senior high school entrance examination.”可知，被 测试的动作还未发生，用一般将来时的被动语态，应选Co（ 2020内蒙古兴安盟）It is reported t
39、hat the new robot by a middle school student threeyears ago.A . invented B . invents C . was invented D . is invented【答案】C【详解】句意：据报道，这个新机器人是一名中学生三年前创造的。考查动词的时态和语态。invented 一般过去时；invents 一般现在时（三单）；was invented 般过去时（三单）的被动语态；is invented 一般现在时（三单）的被动语态。结合语境可知，机 器人是被人创造出来的，所以本句用被动语态，排除选项A和B ;根据句末“three
40、years ago”可 知，本句用一般过去时的被动语态，the new robot”是三单，所以这里用was invented,应选Co 14.（ 2021 江苏扬州）Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu? 一 Sure, You to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85.A . were expected B . will expect C . are expecting D . are expected【答案】D【详解】句意：吴老师，下周我们一定要读一些什么吗?当然，你们要读黑骏马从 58页到85页
41、。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据上文“Do we have to read anything next week, Mr Wu?”结合 “Sure, You .to read Black Beauty from pages 58 to 85 .”可知主语和谓语动词 expect 之间存在逻辑 上的动宾关系，因此用被动语态，句子时态是一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，即be+动词的过去分词,主语是you , be动词用are , expect的过去分词是expected ,应选Do15. （ 2020广西桂林）I think e-books will more than paper boo
42、ks in the future.A . use B . be used C . used【答案】B【详解】句意：我认为电子书在未来会比纸质书更常用。考查被动语态。use使用，一般现在时，主动语态；be used被使用，被动语态；used 一般过去 时，主动语态。根据e-books“电子书”和句意可知，电子书被使用，所以这里用被动语态，再根 据in the future“在未来”可知，这里用一般将来时的被动语态will be done0应选Bo（ 2020内蒙古阿拉善盟）Earth Day in 1970 for the first time, and the Day now includes
43、events in more than 190 countries and regions （地区）.A . celebrated B . was celebrated C . is celebrated D . has been celebrated【答案】B【详解】句意：地球日在1970年第一次被庆祝，现在这一天包括了 190多个国家和地区的活动。考查一般过去时的被动语态。celebrated 一般过去时，庆祝；was celebrated 一般过去时，被庆祝;is celebrated 一般现在时被庆祝；has been celebrated现在完成时被庆祝。根据句中“in 1970”
44、可知，句中时态为一般过去时，而且主语Earth Day与动词celebrate之间是被动关系，所以此处 使用一般过去时的被动语态was celebrated.应选Bo16. （ 2021 上海松江二模）Two wide roads in that small mountain village in the past twoyears.A . were built B . are built C . have been built D . had been built【答案】c【详解】句意：在过去的两年里，那个小山村修了两条宽马路。考查现在完成时的被动语态。build建造,根据主语“Two wi
45、de roads”和谓语动词“build”是被动 关系，所以用被动语态，由“in the past two years”可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态，应选Co 18. （ 2020海南）Many successful businessmen to Hainan to give advice on how to buildHainan Free Trade Port.A . invite B . are invited C . are inviting【答案】B【详解】句意：很多成功的商人被邀请来海南，为怎样建设海南自由贸易港口出谋划策。考查动词的时态和语态。invite动词的一般现在时的原
46、形；are invited动词的一般现在时的被动； are inviting动词的现在进行时。主语businessmen与动词“邀请”之间是被动关系，此处用一般现 在时的被动形式are invited。应选B。19. （ 2020辽宁鞍山）Can you go out with me tonight?Sorry, my mother wont allow me togo out unless my homework.A . will be finished B . was finished C . finishes D . is finished【答案】D【详解】句意：一你今晚能和我出去吗？对
47、不起，除非我做完作业，不然我妈妈不会让 我出去。考查一般现在时的被动语态。由于主语是“my homework”，作业是被做，所以要用被动语态， 排除C ;又分析句子可知，这是一个由unless引导的条件状语从句，要遵循“主将从现”的时态 原那么，主句“my mother won4 allow me to go out”是将来时，从句需是一般现在时，一般现在时的 被动语态结构为“be +动词过去分词”，“my homework”是单数，be动词用is ,应选Do（ 2021 上海模拟预测）5G cell phones in most cities in China since two years
48、 ago.A . have provided B . were providing C . were provided D . have been provided【答案】D【详解】句意：自两年前以来，中国大多数城市都提供了 5G手机。考查动词的时态和语态。have provided现在完成时；were providing过去进行时；were provided 一般过去时的被动语态；have been provided现在完成时的被动语态。根据since two years ago 自从两年前”可知，主句用现在完成时，排除选项B和C ;结合语境可知，主语“5G cell phones” 和谓语provide之间是被动关系，所以这里用