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1、2022年安徽信息工程学院自考英语（二）练 习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望 远镜）and is taking astronomers （天文学家）further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the s
2、ize of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Biggest telescopeB、Power of the telescopeC、Factions of VLTD、Birth of the new telescope【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介绍了世界上最大的望远镜。第2题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is
3、 not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe tha
4、n elsewhere.D、 many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 preside
5、ncy. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC
6、、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度J 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets
7、., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.10B、 This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to kno
8、w each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第24题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-kno
9、wn authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are.A、science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldwideD、political implications【正确答案】c【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许 多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。第25题【单项选择
10、题】【阅读选择】But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race（单人环 球帆船比赛）, which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she
11、 returned.In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won.A、a gold medalB、The Best Woman Sailor award11C、The “Young Sailor of the Year awardD、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】细节查找题答案特点：答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键词。第26题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibl
12、eC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的 B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、 时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第27题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD、will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解
13、答】动词时态。by the end of到时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第28题【单项选择题】12The thief took away the woman/s wallet without.A、being seenB、seeingC、him seeingD、seeing him【正确答案】A【答案解析】without是介词，其后的动词必须用动名词形式。根据句意，此句 需要用被动形式，所以答案是A。第29题【单项选择题】【概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, fami
14、ly garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden.The
15、main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instin
16、ct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天,性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生白勺）13survival mechanism, an instinct for self-pre
17、servation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are alway
18、s conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ri
19、tual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正
20、确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第31题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data sho
21、uld be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、 secure【正确答案】B14【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第32题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析
22、】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, um
23、brellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be li
24、nked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健15康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第34题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think d
25、ifferently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with
26、poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC
27、、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke f
28、rom other people/s cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine mil
29、lion children under the age of five live in homes16 with at least one smoker.C This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第36题【单项选择题】填句补文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive
30、 you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, wh
31、ile quieter people keep them close to their bodies.B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased.D、If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice t
32、his. 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可以采用线索词来定位。空格处的前后两个句子都是对arms 在具体情况下具体动作的描述。那么用以补充的句子也应是如此，即选项A开朗 的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。第37题【单项选择题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to gu
33、ide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and17 their appreciation for being out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important
34、Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第38题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its
35、 name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答
36、案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生,少有表达相同的意思。第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、 response18C、settlementD solution【正确答案】B【答案解
37、析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民,定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映。第40题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟
38、 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets wit
39、hout sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game19第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmanssuggestion.A
40、、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第4题【单项选择题】阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn
41、their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第5题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a No
42、bel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician,2【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可 迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Get off to a slow start which saves
43、your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more en
44、ergy or concentration for your sharp hours.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will.A、help to keep your energy for the days workB、help you to control your temper early in the dayC、enable you to concentrate on your routine workD keep your energy cycle under control all day【正确答案
45、】A【答案解析】此题问的是因果关系。回答这一问题的关键是看懂本段的第二句和 其他句子的联系。首先要注意这一段的第一句Get off to a slow start which saves your energy,也就是说早上慢慢起床可以节省能量。紧接该句的三个句子都是 慢慢起床的具体做法。因此选项A是正确答案。第43题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon
46、 afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.Q: Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.A、TrueB、False20C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。该题说的是：飞行员飞行
47、的高度超过2100米时，看见一 个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽从火山口急速上升到空气中。但是，文章中airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.说的是靠近火山的地方出现了 一个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽上升到空气中，其高度超过2100米。因此该命题是错 误的。第44题【单项选择题】阅读判断】The river was so high that the water
48、ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第45题【单项选择题】2009.01 Moder