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1、精品_精品资料_被动语态语法归纳 Passive Voice概念：英语有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承担者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成.一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态,汉语往往用 “被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动含义.构成：被动语态由 “助动词 be+ 动词的过去分词 ”构成.被动语态的时态变化只转变be 的形式, 过去分词部分不变.疑问句和否定句的变化形式也是如此.各种时态形式表如下：一般时态进行时态完成时态可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_现在am/i
2、s/are+P.P. 过去分词过去was/were+P.P.将来shall/will+be+P.P.am/is/are+being+P.P.was/were+being+P.P.P.P.has/have+been+had+been+P.P.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_另：含有情态动词的被动语态构成为 “情态动词 +be+P.P.” 不定式的被动语态构成为 “ to be done”1. English is spoken in many countries. 一般现在时 2. Who was this article written by. 一般过去时 3. An impo
3、rtant meeting will be held in our school. 一般将来时 4. A new bridge is being built in the city. 现在进行时 5. Everything has been done by him so far. 现在完成时 6. Something must be done to protect wild animals. 情态动词 使用范畴：不知道或不必指出动作的执行者These books are written for children. / We were asked to sing a song.强调动作的承担者,
4、这时可带有by 引起的短语.More trees must be planted by us next year.A new machine was invented by Uncle Wang last month.当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态The whole village was washed away by the flood.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_表示客观的说明常用 “It 过s去+ 分词 ”句型.It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.这类句型有：It s said that 据说.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下
5、载精品_精品资料_It s reported that It s believed that据报道. 大家相.信 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_主动变被动 4 大步骤：1、把原主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语,如为代词,宾格形式须变为主格形式.2 、把动词变为被动形式即 be + 过去分词,并留意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态就保持不变.3 、原主动语态中的主语如需要就放在by 后面变成 by 的宾语,如为代词,主格形式须变为宾格形式,如不需要就可省略.4 、其它成分（定语、状语）不变.Everybody likes this girl. - This girl i
6、s liked by everybody. He wrote a letter. - A letter was written by him.被动语态留意事项：1 、不定式符号 to 在被动语态中不行省.在主动语态中,假如感官动词和使役动词后面的宾语补足语是动词,这个动词前往往不带to,但在被动语态中要带to.I saw him climb up the hill.He was seen to climb up the hill.We heard him sing in his room just now. He was heard to sing in his room just now.2
7、、主动语态中如有两个宾语,变为被动语态时,只将其中一个宾语变成主语,另一个宾语不变.主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时,直接宾语仍旧保留在谓语后面.直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前通常加上介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词打算,常为for 或 to .例如：1. We gave him some books.He was given some books by us.或 Some books were given to him by us.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.3. He s
8、howed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him.4. My father bought me a new bike.A new bike was bought for me by my father.5. A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.6. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made
9、to do heavy work by the boss.3、一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词.We can t laugh at him.He can t be laughed at by us.He listens to the radio every day.The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man.The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.4、主动语态中如有复合
10、宾语,变为被动语态时,只将复合宾语中的规律主语变成主语, 其余部分不变.例如：They asked him to take the medicine.He was asked to take the medicine. We found him working in the fields.He was found working in the fields.不使用被动语态的几种情形：1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态 .如：appear, die, disappear, end, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit,spread, stand, break o
11、ut, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.例如：What was happened to him？错误 What happened to him？ 正确2、系动词（包括感官动词）无被动语态（ keep 除外）,用主动形式表示被动意义.如：appear, be,become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn.The flower smells sweet.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_
12、精品资料_The dish tastes delicious. The cloth feels very soft. It sounds good.3 、有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义.This pen writes well.This new book sells well.4 、want, need, require, worth等词后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义.例如：The children need looking after. The table wants cleaning.同步强化A. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. Itell to give a talk yeste
13、rday.2. The songwrite by a worker and now itbecome very popular.3. Wemake a trip to the West Lake as soon as the work finish.4. The Great Wallknow all over the world.5. He said,“ Your books musttake care of.”6. The TV playshow when we got home.7. The tall buildingput up last year.8. The street light
14、susuallyturn on at 7:00 pm in summer.9. This song not like by everybody.10. Hegive a ticket to the film.11. Most science bookswrite in English.12. A computeroftenuse in the bank.13. Can ricegrow in water.14. How many holes willdig tomorrow.15. This picturelook nice.16. - I d like to buy that coat.-
15、I m sorry itsell out.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_17. -Whathappen to him. -He fell off his bike and hurt himself.18. The students was madedo a lot of homework every day.19. This booksell well on the market.20. Your coat needswash.单项挑选： 1. The library bookson time.A. returnB. mustC. must be returnedD. ret
16、urned 2. The boy is always madehis face in the morning.A. washB. to washC. washingD. washed 3. Mr Brown has stopped smoking since heon.A. will operateB. will be operatedC. operatedD. was operated 4. The match. Let s go to watch it.A. is holdingB. heldC. is being heldD. was held 5. A talk on Chinese
17、historyin the school next week.A. is givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. will give 6. Whatthis dictionary.A. does; callB. is; calledC. does; calledD. is; call 7. Englishin many countries.A. is speakingB. is spokenC. speaksD. speak 8. - Whenthe story. - A month ago.A. was; happenedB. did; happen
18、C. is; happenedD. does; happen 9. A lot of new roadsbuilt in the west of China.A. mustB. must beC. hasD. have 10. The medicinecool, clean and dry.A. must keepB. must be keptC. must be carriedD. must be in 11. In our campus, rubbisheverywhere.（泰州）A. mustn t be put B. needn t be put C. can t putD. may
19、 not put 12. The trees mustthree times a week.（长沙）A. waterB. is wateringC. be wateredD. waters可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ 13. People canrunning everywhere. Do you know what.（镇江）A. see; has happenedB. see; happensC. be seen; is happenedD. be seen; is happening 14. The boyto get supper ready after school
20、.A. were toldB. was toldC. is tellingD. tells 15. - Did you go to Jim s birthday part-y-.- No, I . （北京）A. am not invitedB. wasn t invitedC. haven t invitedD. didn t invite 16. Both Lily and Lucyto the party yesterday.（黑龙江）A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invited 17. A lot of foodto that
21、 country after the war was over.（南通）A. was sentB. are sentC. is sendingD. sent 18. - Whenthis kind of computer.宁波- Two years ago.A. was; usedB. did; useC. is; usedD. does; use 19. A talk on Chinese historyin the school hall next week.（天津）A. be givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. will give 20. C
22、hineseby the largest number of people.（长沙）A. speakB. is speakingC. speaksD. is spoken 21. - But where are the books. 武汉- Don t worry. Theyhere in no t ime.A. have sentB. will be sentC. are sendingD. have been sent 22. Man-made satellites haveinto space by many countries.A. sent upB. be sent upC. sen
23、d upD. been sent up 23. The windows of our classroomonce a week.A. is cleanedB. are cleanedC. Was cleanedD. be cleaned 24 A strange noiseby Mr Henry last night.A. heardB. is heardC. Had heardD. was heard 25. Milk, meat, eggs and vegetableson the farm.A. produceB. are producedC. producedD. was produc
24、ed可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ 26. How many kilos of milkproduced on Green Lake Farm last year.A. areB. wasC. hadD. be 27. She is oftentidying up the classroom.A. seeingB. seenC. sawD. sees 28. - I d like to buy thact oat. - I m sorry .A. it soldB. it s sellingC. it s been sold D. it had been sold 29. G
25、reat changesin the city, and a lot of factories.A. have been taken place, have been set upB. have taken place, have been set upC. are taken place, are set upD. were taken place, were set up 30. This picturevery nice.A. looksB. is lookedC. lookD. is looking 31. This storyin Paris before the First wor
26、ld War.A. happensB. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened 32. Now these magazinesin the library for a long time.A. have keptB. are keepingC. have been keepingD. have been kept 33. Good caresuch things.A. should take ofB. should be takenC. should be takingD. should be taken of 34. The roomcool in sum
27、mer and warm in winter.A. feelsB. is feltC. feels to beD. is felt to be 35- I d like to buy that coat.- I m sorry.A. is soldB. it s sellingC. it s been soldD. it had been sold将以下句子改为被动语态1. We call her Lily. 改为被动语态 2. When did they make these cars. 改为被动语态 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. Who will look afte
28、r the children. 改为被动语态 4. The song was liked by them ten years ago. 改为主动语态 5. Can the computer be used in this room. 用 we 做主语,改为主动语态 6. She is often heard to sing English songs. 用 people 做主语,改为主动语态 7. Mr White heard a strange noise last night.8. We need more rice.9. The girl looked after those children very well.10. People may catch fish in the river.11. Shanghai produces big ships.12. We can see no stars in the daytime.13. We must clean our classroom this morning.D. 翻译句子：1. 对老人说话要有礼貌.2. 应当更加关注环保.3. 他的房间昨天打扫过了.4. 南京可以种稻米.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_附：各种被动语态的详细形式.（转载）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载