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1、Unit 3 Under the sea先记牢、再练通，基础自查讲究一个“效度”NO：发端于教初/（一）阅读词汇一一明其义、写其形 第一组：明其义anecdote n.1. shore n.2. grey adj. & n.3. meantime adv.4. suck vt. & vi.5. seal n.6. boundary n.7. awesome adj.第二组：写其形seaside n. & adj.1. yell vi.n.2. flee vi.vt.3. narrow adj.4. pause vi. & n.5. drag vt.6. target n.7. opposite
2、 prep.adj.8. annual adj.n.9. witness vt.n.10. vivid adj.11. dive vi. & n.12. teamwork n.13. shallow adj.14. conservation n.轶事；奇闻岸；海滨灰色（的）其间；同时吮吸海豹；封条；印章界限；分界线使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的海边（的）；海滨（的）大叫；呼喊叫声；喊声逃避；逃跑逃离狭窄的；有限的暂停；中止拖；拉；扯目标；靶；受批评的对象在对面相对的；相反的每年的；按年度计算的年刊；年鉴当场见到；目击目击者；证人；证据生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的跳水（的动作）；潜水（的动作）；俯冲协作；配合
3、浅的；浅薄的；浅显的保存；保护Learning English not only increases my awareness (aware) of foreign cultures but also helps me to communicate with English-speaking people and to make more new friends.In my opinion, its very important to develop an awareness of health now.(3)As a member of society, Im aware that bein
4、g responsible is what it takes to make a better society.Some activities should be carried out to make people aware of the importance of donating blood.补全句子I would like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and raise peoples awareness of animal protection.我想为大熊猫代言，这样我
5、就能更多地了解如何保护它们，并提高人们对动物保护的意 识。3 .现在分词作宾语补足语教材原句 As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.随着我们的靠近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他六条虎鲸袭击。用 法 规 那么(l)being done表示“正在被，是现在分词的被动式，在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动与进行。(2)除了 being done可以作宾补之外,分词中doing(现在分词) 和done(过去分词)也可以作宾补；doing作兵补，表小动作为 主动进行，d
6、one作宾补表示被动完成。注 忌 事 项being done表示“正在被”，除了可以作宾补之外,还可 以作主语、宾语和状语。如：Being caught in a heavy traffic is quite an unpleasant experience.遭遇严重交通堵塞是一种非常令人不愉快的经历。针对训练单句语法填空Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being performed (perform) live is quite another.Listen! Do you hear someone call
7、ing (call) for help?I was sleeping when I heard my name shouted (shout).补全句子(2017 北京高考书面表达)Several days later, when we had the video being played on the graduation ceremony, the audience burst into applause.几天后，当我们在毕业典礼上播放视频时，观众爆发出热烈的掌声。4 .where引导地点状语从句教材原句 The water was quite shallow but where the
8、reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。用 法 规 那么where . , there be .,思为“在 地方，有,where 引导地点状语从句。另外wherever “无论什么地方；无论在何处”也可引导地 点状语从句。注忌、 事 项where在句中引导地点状语从句时，很容易和引导的定语从句相混淆，区别 的关键在于where前面是否有需要修饰的先行词。如：High buildings have arisen where there was not
9、hing a year ago.（状 语从句）High buildings have arisen in the place where there was nothing a year ago.（定语从句,先行词为the place）针对训练补全句子I cant hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.因为我坐的地方噪音太大，所以我听不清教授在说什么。As far as r m concerned, you are free to go wherever you like.就我个人而言，
10、你愿意去哪里就去哪里。（2017 浙江6月高考写作）We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 a. m. and cycle to the nearby mountain, where we can go hiking and enjoy a picnic.我们将在早上7点在学校门口见面并骑自行车去附近的山里，在那里我们可以远足和享 受野餐。no3 拓展于应用/链高考、拓主题，未来高考比拼一个“厚度”一、在考题集训中查验单元语基（一）高考中的语法填空1. （2020 新高考全国卷 I ）However, her children have lea
11、rned an important lesson witnessing （witness） their mother earn her degree.2. （2020 全国卷 I ）There are three books I reread annually （annual）.3. （2020 全国卷IH） A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers （dive）.4. （2020 江苏高考）LoveFone, a company that advocates repairi
12、ng cellphones rather than abandoning （abandon） them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.5. （2020 天津 7 月高考）A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, a spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted （target） area.6. （2019 全国卷 H） “I reflect on how my days gon
13、e and think about the rest of the week, “ he said.7. （2019 北京高考）Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you11 also learn new skills and increase your cuItural awareness （aware）.8. （2018 全国卷 I ）The team transforms the family，s long weekend of celebration with less expensive
14、 but still tasty （taste） recipes.9. （2018 天津高考）Where do you think you are? ” he asked. I turned sharply （sharp）.（二）高考中的阅读理解熟词 生义（2020 天津 7 月高考）Together, these deep human urges count for much more than ambition.马区策力（2019 北京高考）Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted c
15、ampaigns to cheat people.针对 性的（2019 天津高考）Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives.使缩小词类活用（2019 浙江 6 月 高考）Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods.匕对准生词僻义（2019 全国卷III）Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in
16、 America, usually D S8 to D S10 a year.年度的（2）（2019 全国卷 I ） It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.相反的（三）高考中的完形填空1. （2020 天津 5 月高考）Embarrassed, as usual, I 27 the scene.A. fledB. investigatedC. picturedD. made解析：选A根据空前的“E
17、mbarrassed, as usual”可知，作者逃离了现场。应选A。2. （2019 天津高考）“Does Jennifer live here? ” I heard a lady say. In my husbands hand was my wallet, with not a penny 20 .A. missingB. returnedC. remainingD. abandoned解析：选A根据语境可知，钱包完好无损地回来了，故本处意为“一便士也没丢”。 A项意为“丧失的”；B项意为“归还的”；C项意为“剩余的”；D项意为“被遗弃的”。 应选Ao3. （2018 北京高考）For
18、 many, finding an unattended wallet filled with 400 in cash would be a source （来源）of temptation （诱惑）.But the 16 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money.A. hopeB. aimC. urgeD. effort解析:选 C 根据下文的“greater” 以及 uif . with little food and money”可 知，应该选c项，这是作者
19、做的假设：如果你露宿街头，食不果腹又几乎没有什么钱，那么 看到那么多的钱时，对钱的欲望（urge）无疑会更大。4. （2017 江苏高考）This meant, of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, 53 his heavy instrument case across the campus to the pitying looks of the non-musicians he had left behind.A. pushingB. draggingC. liftingD. rushing解析：选B根据句中的“
20、heavy”可知选择dragging,表示“拖，拽”。（四）高考中的写作1. （2019 北京高考书面表达）这个时候，这些城市的夏天又热又多雨，所以要带上夏 装和一把雨伞。（a time when .）This is a time when summer in these cities is hot and rainy, so take summer wear plus an umbrena with you.2. （2018 北京高考书面表达）当我走进房间时，我发现外国学生正在学习泡茶。（find +宾语+宾补）When I entered the room, I found the for
21、eign students learning to make tea.3. （2018 全国卷I书面表达）你最好练习用筷子，或者让他们提前知道你需要叉子或 勺子。（ahead of）Youd better practice using chopsticks or let them know ahead of time that you need a fork or spoon.4. （2014 山东高考写作）正如一句谚语所说，有志者，事竟成。我们的心中有了强烈 的信念，我们就一定会为此而奋斗，然后终有一天，我们的努力会有回报。（where引导地 点状语从句，with复合结构）As a prov
22、erb goes, where there is a will, there is a way. With a strong will in our heart, we are bound to struggle for it and our efforts will pay off one day.二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇“自然环境”主题常用词汇(Docean/seawavecoastchannelharbourgullcoral(Dseverelyenvironmentallydecreasedi sappear(12rotect6xistenceteurvivalbruiselhe
23、number oftake actionbe faced withnake a differencein harmony with熟练词汇在口内打“J”，欠熟练词汇平时多关注练中巩固I.单词拼写1. A tidal wave caused by the earthquake hit the coast (海岸)causing catastrophic damage.2. The Channel (海峡)Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.3. The gull (海鸥)held the fish in its beak.4. Green a
24、nd yellow lights blinked on the surface of the harbour (港口).5. The aim of the cruise (乘船游览) was to awaken an interest in and an understanding of foreign cultures.6. We should build the awareness of resource conservation and an environmentally (环保的)friendly society.n.单句语法填空1. Public worries about acc
25、idents are threatening the very existence (exist) of the nuclear power industry.2. Two people have been severely (severe) injured in the accident.3. The life is a great puzzle and the survival (survive) is a greatest mystery!4. What can we do to protect the Milu Deer from disappearing (disappear) ag
26、ain?5. Since 1945, the air forces have decreased (decrease) in size.6. Such a diet is widely believed to off er protection (protect) against a number of cancers.7. The only sound was the lapping of the waves (wave).8. Its time that we got rid of these bad habits and took action to protect the enviro
27、nment.TIL补全句子1. We need to learn to live now in harmony with nature.现在我们需要学会与自然和谐相处。2. We are faced with a lot of problems but we will win in the end .我们正面临许多问题，但终将获得成功。3. Your support will certainly make a difference in my cause.你的支持肯定对我的事业很有影响。4. The number of college graduates in a country reflec
28、ts its cultural standard.大学毕业生的数量反映了一个国家的文化水平。单元主题语篇训练I .阅读理解ACoral reefs （珊瑚礁）are an integral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, for a he
29、althy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and long-time “coral bleaching （珊瑚白化）” events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, sci
30、entists from the U. K. and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick- starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experi
31、ment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world.uHealthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places 一 the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young f
32、ish concentrate on these sounds when they，re looking for a place to settle, said Steve Simpson, study co- author and a professor at the University of Exeter, U. K.By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where n
33、o sounds were played. These returning fish are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems. Boosting fish population in this way could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we re seeing on many coral reefs around the world, v said lead author, Tim Gordon.
34、语篇解读：由于海水温度的上升，深海珊瑚的生态遭到破坏。科学家通过实验研究发现, 在珊瑚礁旁边放置扬声器以吸引海洋生物对于恢复珊瑚的生态卓有成效。1. What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching?A. Diverse species.B. Noise pollution.C. Fishing industry.D. Climbing temperatures.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，是气候变化所引起的海水温度的上 升导致了这种白化现象。应选D项。2. What approach is introduced to recover
35、the coral reefs?A. Removing damaged coral reefs.B. Using loudspeakers to keep fish away.C. Building new homes for sea species.D. Playing certain sounds to attract fish.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，为恢复珊瑚生态，科学家在遭破坏 的珊瑚附近放置扬声器，以吸引鱼类。即通过播放声音来吸引鱼类。应选D项。3. Why are Steve Simpson，s words quoted?A. To provide some
36、findings of the study.B. To show the progress of the experiment.C. To explain reasons for the new approach.D. To give another solution to the problem.解析：选C细节理解题。根据前两段内容可知，鱼儿会离开不健康的、遭到破坏的珊 瑚。为了吸引鱼类，科学家们在这些珊瑚附近放置扬声器。再结合第三段第一句可知，健康 的珊瑚礁是非常热闹的地方，各种海洋生物很多。由此可推知，此处引用这位教授的话是为 了解释在受损珊瑚礁旁边放置扬声器这一新方法的原因。应选C项。
37、4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The attempts are in vain.B. Natural recovery is impossible.C. Initial success has been achieved.D. The coral reefs have returned to normal.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，通过用扬声器复制一些声音，部 分死亡的珊瑚礁吸引了更多的鱼类，由此可推知，珊瑚生态保护已经初见成效。应选C项。Br m on the phone with a frustrated
38、 customer, and a note appears on my computer screen: You are speaking slower than usual. Speed up. I do, and the message disappears, only to be replaced with another: Continuous Speaking Finish your thought.This is Cogito, an artificial intelligence program designed to help customer service workers
39、communicate more clearly, empathize （产生共鸣）with frustrated callers, and improve their overall performance. Cogito listens to the tone, pitch, word frequency and other factors in customer service conversations. When it detects something wrong 一 an irritated customer, a call center agent taking too lon
40、g to respond 一 it displays a note on the agents computer telling them how to improve.For anyone whos spent hours of their lives stuck on the phone with an unhelpful or very rude customer service agent, Cogito may seem like a godsend. And some customer service agents using the software generally say
41、they find it helpful. One employee says that Cogito helped her cut her average call time nearly in half, while another says it helped her speaking slow down.Cogito has been launched to more than sixty call centers across the U. S. over the past year. The company behind the software, Cogito Inc., has
42、 raised more than $70 million. We were 45 people a year ago, “ says Cogito CEO Josh Feast, whose company now has 150 employees. At MetLife, managers say that the program improved customer satisfaction by 13%, and helped agents (who take an average of 700 calls a week) to have more “human” conversati
43、ons.Such software as Cogito is unlikely to stop at the meeting room. But like other enterprise software, it could soon spread well beyond call centers and other offices and into our daily lives.语篇解读：本文是一篇科研报道。一家公司创造了一款人工智能软件，可以通过电脑分 析客户服务人员和顾客的语速、语调以及说话人的情绪，适时给出建议，提高客服人员的沟 通能力。5. Whats the purpose o
44、f Cogito program?A. To speed up customer service workers， speaking.B. To store the conversations between customers and agents.C. To improve customer service agents， communication with callers.D. To complain of frustrated callers.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这款人工智能程序的目的在于帮助 客服人员更清晰地沟通，与恼火的来电者产生共鸣，从而提高他们的整体表
45、现。注意题干、 正确选项与原文中一些词汇的呼应现象。题干中的purpose与原文的designed相呼应。6. What can we infer about Cogito in Paragraph 4?A. Cogito has been used by sixty call centers in the world.B. The company behind the software benefits a lot from Cogito.C. Josh Feast designed Cogito with the help of employees.D. Customers werent
46、satisfied with MetLifes service without Cogito.解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句The company behind the software, Cogito Inc. , has raised more than $70 million. ”可知，创造这个软件的公司赚了七千 多万美元，因此可推断出这个软件给公司带来了很大的利润。7. Whats the future of Cogito according to the text?A. Itll be part of our normal day-to-day life.B. It11 s
47、pread into other offices.C. It11 tell humans what to do.D. It11 replace customer service agents.解析：选A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的it could soon spread well beyond call centers and other offices and into our daily lives. ” 可推出 B 项错误，A 项切 题。根据文章第一段可知C选项的表述已经成为现实，故C项不切题，D项的内容在文章 中没有任何相关信息作为依据，属于无中生有。8. Where is the text most likely from?A. A novel.B. A brochure.C. A guidebook.D. A magazine.解析：选D题。全文围绕人工智能软件Cogito来展开说明，介绍了这款智 能软件的研发目的以及工作原理，并从各个不同的角度说明了它带来的好处，最后展望了Cogito的开展前景，由此可推断出本文讨论的是和科学技术相关的话题，最有可能出现在 杂志上。II .短文改错This morning I happened to meet a foreigner when I was taking