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1、2022年宁夏医科大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是“这五位百岁老
2、人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了“community（社区）”，但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第2题【单项选择题】The water all over the desk.A、is spiltB、was spiltC、spiltD、spill【正确答案】c【答案解析】水洒了一桌子。spill有（使）洒出”之意，故不用被动，排除AB； water是不可数，谓语不用sp川原形；spilt是spill的过去式，答案选C。第3题【单项选择题】完成句子】Certainly there are millions who n
3、eed to lose weight. But there are also【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服(猛兽)；D冒险第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old.
4、It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for p
5、eople.A、who are very busy everydayB、who are sick in bedC、who are aged and in good healthD who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可采用排除法，第三句话(It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.),可以看出这三 类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选A。第21
6、题【单项选择题】2008.10 Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新10 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to n
7、ature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第22题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges. It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was
8、growing, more and more people owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. The information in this passage deals with.A、an individualB a social and economic groupC、a political organizationD
9、、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答 案B。第23题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roo
10、f over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal names11D、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn
11、 comes“秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第24题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A、occasionallyB、relativelyC、continuallyD、absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。第25题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for t
12、hese volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Killing Power of Ancient
13、 Volcanic EruptionsB、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段第一句话是说：Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes.； Wignall计算了这些火山的灭绝效率 ；其中killing efficiency与12 killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转
14、换，因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their env
15、ironment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第27题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irr
16、elevant to表示：与无关。第28题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen13 are always there ready for you. More often than not （往往）,on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they
17、 do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers （老前辈，老人）,especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Hong Kong is worthy of its repu
18、tation as a business center of the world.B、 It is uneasy to be offered smiles and services.C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the God !D、 Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段强调的是这里“顾客是上帝的这种理念和气氛。因此选择C。第29题【单项选择题】2007.04
19、The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第30题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of
20、pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was14 maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikov
21、sky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述，即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第31题【单项选择题】【2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more t
22、han 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如He has unusual ability in sciencezzo capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人,也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the o
23、lder electrical devices. capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如The hall has a seating capacity of 500。根据句意，此题应该选 capacity。第32题【单项选择题】Perhaps your prince to do something?A、is like15B、would enjoyC、is enjoyD、would like【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：也许你的王子想要做些什么事？ would like to do固定搭 配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选D。第33题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The U
24、K is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总、值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q:
25、 The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的
26、说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错误。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 You/d better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC、alone16D、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第35题【单项选择题】2009,10 You/d better leave things if you dont know how to de
27、al withthem.A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics., Th
28、at is at least as important as how much we know.A、 Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.B、He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.C、 Every time you
29、meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.D、 In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other17 people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的开展特点，因此判断D正确。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We mu
30、st eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods
31、 of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then stu
32、dying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods
33、 of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre18asking for your help in o
34、bserving signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small
35、number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes
36、each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In “All thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第39题【单项选择题】2007,04 The newspaper wi
37、ll have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：(书报杂志的)销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。19 millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some
38、 of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fitB、have a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life spanD、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人
39、为了到达当前流行的体型(reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape)而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第4题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However,
40、 people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dr
41、eam.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第5题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentrated2第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play
42、regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally f
43、ollows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning
44、 a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A D项内容都
45、是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查20词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Good news
46、for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered tha
47、t cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called flav
48、onoids.C、It releases endorphins in human body.D It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第43题【单项选择题】2007.04 If the operation carefully prepared, it would not have beensuccessful.A、was notB、has not beenC、had not beenD、were not【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状 语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有 经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会