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1、2022年南京医科大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and s
2、unglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to I960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the
3、movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第2题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator sa
4、id, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of
5、learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、indispensableD equable【正确答案】A【答案解析】参考译文：很难理解这种错综复杂的计算。intricate错综复杂的, 纠缠不清的；varied不同的，种种的；indispensable不可缺少的，绝对必要的； equable变动甚少的，稳定的。第21题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A、occasionallyB、relativelyC、continuallyD
6、、absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。第22题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really
7、 hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、 This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住
8、关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对10这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In
9、 war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word “
10、allegiance” is closest in meaning to.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD、motive【正确答案】A【答案解析】解此题可用同类词关系进行判断。在allegiance前后的两个词分别 是commitment和sacrifice,应能判断出这三个词相对于国家而言是同一类词， 再利用排除法，不难选出正确答案A。第24题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the developmen
11、t of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relations
12、hip. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this11 paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of t
13、he differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只 不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第25题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natural look which
14、perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B.制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第26题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题
15、考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A.12除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc
16、 and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemi
17、stryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思“缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第28题【单项选择题】Such person you describe is rare nowadays.A、itB、asC、 thatD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考
18、查的是such.as引导的一个定语从句。句子的意思是：如今 像你所描绘的人已经很少见了。13第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say Hi when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are no
19、t good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one persons behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving
20、 that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is.A、 Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks.B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not.C、 The way of behaving that differs from country to country.D、In all countries it is good m
21、anners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】c【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此 选择Co第30题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父
22、母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责14第31题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A “公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第32题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The wounded soldie
23、rs would recover quickly if they were well. A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A答案解析】【译文1如果受伤的战士营养很好，他们就会很快痊愈。【试题分析】 过去分词意义区分题。【详细解答】A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛 兽）；D冒险第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University o
24、f Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.15B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C “I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain
25、 which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第34题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the mo
26、ve toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or a
27、rithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impact on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响(bound to have some effect
28、 on our school system.),选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. .16Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relati
29、onships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must
30、be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第36题【单项选择题】2007.04 Jenny complained that the hospital her too much for the treatment.A、
31、 expendedB paidC、costD、charged【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。charge：要价；索价；要人支付；收费。例如：The fruit seller charged me too much money.这个水果商要了我很多的钱。第37题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.17A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家
32、怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第38题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to r
33、educe our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fitB、have a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life spanD、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型(reduce our bodie
34、s down to the currently desirable shape)而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百岁老人)get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、False18C、Not Giv
35、en【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket （板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the E
36、nglish game of cricket.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题对应的语句为：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket,因此是正确的。第41题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into fivestages.A、moderateB、initialC distinctD、 advanced【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为
37、五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第42题【单项选择题】19C、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第3题【单项选择题】I dont mind the decision as long as it is not too late.A、you to delay makingB、your delaying makingC、your delaying to m
38、akeD、you delay to make【正确答案】B【答案解析】这是一个带有逻辑主语的动名词结构。依据前面所讲，逻辑主语应 是一个带有形容词性的物主代词，其后的动词delay也应该是一个动名词。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should g
39、o to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and w川ed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fat
40、hers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, der
41、ives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a
42、year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest（rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第43题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real
43、 designation, nor does it carry privileges. It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing, more and more people owned their own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them, and nearly everyone
44、 who wanted a higher education could have one. The information in this passage deals with.A、an individualB、a social and economic groupC、a political organizationD、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答 案B。20第44题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my thr
45、oat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是第45题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过
46、喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的 B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、 时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第46题【单项选择题】loyalty to the country.2009.01 He has deep love for the people andA、intenseB、initial21C、instantD、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第47题【单项选择题】2009.01 He has deep love for the peo
47、ple and loyalty to the country.A、intenseB、initialC、instantD、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第48题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第49题【单项选择题】222007.04 If the operation carefully prepared, it would not have beensuccessful.A、was notB、has not beenC、had not beenD、were not【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状 语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术