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1、毛额市鹘鹑阳光实验学校2008高考英语语法复习之 一名词性从句复习讲与练在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一 个句子来充当,这个句子就叫：名词性从句。名词性从句包括四种从句即主语从 句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位词从句。名词性从句的特点：that、who、whom、 what、whether及when、where引导名词性从句时必须是陈述句词序.一、主语从句：通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在 句子末尾。I it作形式主语的四个主要句型It +be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity,
2、 no surprise, etc.) + that 从句It s a pity that we can, t go .It s no surprise thatour team should have won the game.1) It +be + 形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, 1 ikely, certain, probable, etc.) + that 从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is pr
3、obablethat he told her everything.2) It + be+ 过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc.)+ that 从句It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satelliteinto orbit.3) It +不及物动词（seem, happen等）+that从句It seemed that Alic
4、e is not coming to the party at all.Ithappened that T was out that day.2主语从句的主谓一致主语从句多表示单一概念,因此主句谓语动词多用单数.what引导的从句根 据表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数.When and where well go isn, t decided.What we need arebooks/ is water.二、宾语从句注意：动词suggest（建议），insist（坚持，主张），prefer（宁愿）， request （要求），require（要求，命令），demand（要求），order（命
5、令）， command（命令），advise（建议）等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气， 其构成是“sho成是动词原形”，其中should可省略It was suggested that more teachers should be sent there to help them.Tom insisted that his leadership be recognized by all the boys.三、同位语从句同位语从句一般用whether, that等词引导，常放在名词后面，说明该名 词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。1. 同位语从句的先行词多
6、为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用附属连词that.Where did you get the idea that I could not come?They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 2. 同位语从句意义完整，应用that;意义不完整需增加“是否”的含义，应用 whether；需要增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用 when, where, how 等词。I have no id
7、ea whether he 11 come or not.The question who should do the work requires consideration.3表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气(should+动词原形,should可省略)This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.四、表
8、语从句1.由that引导，that不作成分，只起连接作用。2、由whether引导表示不确定，由because引导表示原因。The point is whether we should lend him the money.It is because I have ever heard of the story.当主句的主语为reason,或者是why由引导的从句时，与它们相关的表语从句注 that来引导，而不能由because引导；because引导表语从句时只能用于It/That/This is /was because.如： The reason why I was late was t
9、hat I missed the train.I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.3. what, which, who, whom, whose 等连接代词及 when, where, how, why 等 连接副词既引导句子又充当一定的句子成分.The problem is who we can get to replace her.The question is how he did it.That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.4. as
10、 if常与look, seem, sound等连系动词连用.She looks as if she would cry.5. 在一些表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟 语气。My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.注意以下情况：(一)、that不能省略的情况) and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and后Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.1 that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时I know nothing
11、 about him except that he is from the south.2 that从句位于句首时That he ever said such a thing 1 simply don t believe.4主句谓语动词与Ihat从句之间有插入语时We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary.3 What与that的用法区别what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，而that那么不作句子成分.What you said yesterday is
12、right. That she is still alive is good news.(Zl) whether和if的用法区别通常，引导主语从句,表语从句，同位语从句用whether不用if1. It doesn, t matter she will come or nol.2. The problem isshe will have enough time.3. it is true remains a question.4. She doubtshe will be successful .5. The question it is right or wrong depends on s
13、ituation.6. We don t know or not she was ready.7. She hasn t decided to go.8. It all depends on they will support us.名词性从句一向是NMET中的重要考点.通过对近几年高考试题的分析,我们可 以看出NMET名词性从句考点主要有以下六个方面：考点之一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别考例：we can, t get seems better than we have.A. What; what B. What; thatC. That; thatD.That; what考点
14、之二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语考例 1: is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ThereB. ThisC.ThatD.It考例 2: I hate when people talk with their mouths full.A. itB. thatC.thisD.them考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序考例：The photographs will show you.A. what does our village look 1ikcB. what our vill
15、agelooks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our villagelooks like 考点之四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别考例 1: we* 11 go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. IfB. Whether C. That D. Where考例 2: What the doctors real ly doubt is my mother wi 11 recoverfrom the serious disease soon.A. whenB.
16、howC. whether D. why考例 3: It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别考 例 1:It is generalconsidered unwise to give a child heor she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever考例 2: Sarah hopes to become a fr
17、iend of shares her interests.A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题考例：It is necessary that a college student at least a foreignlanguage.A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. wi 11 master 名词性从句专项练习 一、单项选择matters most in learning English is enough practice. 2007 全 国
18、卷IIA. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Whichhe referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.2007上海卷A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. WhereThe traditional view is we sleep because our brain isu programmed to make us do so.上海A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. thatCould I speak to is in charge of International Sal
19、es , please?2007 ft东卷A. anyoneB. someoneC. whoeverD. no matter who1. You can only be sure of you have at present; you cannot besure of something you might get in the future. 200安徽卷A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; thatWhereJ s that report? -1 brought it to you you were in Mr.Black, s office
20、 yesterday.北京A. ifB. whenC. becauseD. before2. It is none of your businessother people think about you.Believe yourself. 2007 福建卷A. howB. whatC. whichD. whenHaving checked the doors were closed , and all the lightswere off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. 2007 湖南卷A. whyA. whyB. thatC. whenD.
21、 where3. Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for. 2007 江苏卷A. whatB. whyC. howD. whetherparents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.2007陕西卷A. ThatB. WhichC. WhatD. AsBy improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read.上海春A. thatB. w
22、hatC. which D. whetherThe seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make it is . 2007 天津卷A. whatB. whichC. howD. where4. Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? That s the best jobsare. 2007 浙江卷A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why5. With his work completed, the businessman
23、 stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased he was a man of action. （ 06 湖南 ）A. which B. thatC. what1）. whetherWe havent settled the question of it is necessary for himto study abroad. （ 06 江苏）A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. thatmakes this shop different is that it offers more personalservices. （ 06 辽宁）A.
24、What B. WhoC. Whatever D. WhoeverSee the flags ontop of the building? That waswed id thismorning. （ 06 全国I ）A. when B. whichC. whereD. whatPlease remind mehe said he was going. I may be in time tosee him off. （ 06 全国I ）A. where B. whenC. howD. what What did your parents think about your decision? Th
25、ey always let me do I think I should.（全国 II）A. when B. that C. howD. whatEngines are to machines hearts are to animals. （ 06 ft东）A. as B. that C. what D. whichT just wonder that makes him so excited. （ 06 ft东）A. why it doesB. what hedoes C. how it isD. what it is22. One advantage of playing the guit
26、ar isit can give you a great 30. Along with the letter was his promisehe wou 1 d visit me thisdeal of pleasure. （ 06 上海）coming Christmas.A. howB. whyC. thatD. whenA. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether23. It s thirty years since we last met.二、名词性从句典型错误But I still remember thestory, believe it or not,we go
27、tl.That she wants to know is which dress she shouldbuy.lost on a rainy night. （ 06 四川2.He will give up his job surprises all of us.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when3.No matter who breaks the law will be punished.24. There is much chanceBill wi11 recover from his injuryin4.If the meeting wi11 be held in
28、our school is notknown yet.time for the race. （ 06 天津）5.That worried her a bit was that he couldn, t getin touch with herA. thatB. whichC. untilD. iffriend.26. These shoes look very good.wonder.（06上海春季）6.He is said he has gone to America.A. how much cost they areB.how much do they cost7.She was prai
29、sed for what had she done.C. how much they costD.how much are they cost8.He wants to know I still study English.27. Doris success 1 ies in the factshe is co-operative and eager9.The reason why I was late was because I missed the train.to learn from others.（上海春）10. I have no doubt if we shall be able
30、 to do something for you.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. why三、翻译以下句子，使用适当的名词性从句28. Could you do me a favor? It depends onit is.1.我们还不能确定他是否能够成功.A. whichB. whicheverC. whatD. whatever2.真奇怪，他竟没有看出自己的缺点.29. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at3.我们听到了我们队获胜这个好消息.I thought was a dangerous s
31、peed.4.我对他告诉我的这个消息很感兴趣.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that5.那就是你错的地方。编印：屠小平参考答案考点：ADABB CBBC单项：ABDCBBBBAC BAABC ADBDC DCBAC BCCB改错：1. ThatWhat 2.加 That 3. No mat ter whowhoever/Anyone who 4.If-Whether5. ThatWhat 6. HeIt 7. had sheshe had 8. know 后加whether/if9. because-thatifwhether翻译： we are not sure whether/if he will succeed.2 . It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcoming.3 We heard the news that our team had won.4 Im interested in the news that he told me.5 That s where you are wrong.