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1、海峡北极的；北极区的代理；副职哀悼；悼念；表示悲哀 权威；权力当局；官方关切的；体贴的；深思的尽管；不管苦难；困苦发生；出现行李（美baggage） 感激的；感谢的（人口、贸易的）繁荣 处于经济迅速开展时期 滑动；滑行；滑跤 滑动；滑倒公民的；国内的；民间的 租用；雇用抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 无处；到处都无改革；革新改革；改造；改良正义；公平 嵌入；插入 海关；关税；进口税Unit 1 A land of diversity先记牢、再练通，基础自查讲究一个“效度”NO：发端于教初/（一）阅读词汇一一明其义、写其形 第一组：明其义1. strait n.2. Arctic adj.3. vice
2、 n. & adj.4. mourn vt. & vi.5. authority n.51.）6. thoughtful adj.第二组：写其形1. despite prep.2. hardship n.3. occur vi.4. luggage n.5. thankful adj.6. boom n.vi.7. slip vi.n.8. civil adj.9. hire vt. & n.10. guasp vt. & n.11. nowheow adv.12. reform vt. & vi.n.13. justice n.14. insert vt.15. customs n.（二）表
3、达词汇一一晓其变、通其用1. distinct清晰的；明显的；明确的f distinction n.差异；区分；卓著2. means n.方法；手段f mean v.意思是；意味着“反吝啬的；卑劣的f meaning 意 occurred （occur） billions of years ago.3. （2020 浙江 7 月高考）Elli and I feared the fence wouldn，t last through 30 more minutes of the bears pimishmect （punish）.4. （2019 全国卷 HD After running hun
4、dreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating （indicate） that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.5. （2019 全国卷HI）Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful （thoug
5、ht） questions. Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.6. （2019 ）匕京高考）Young children learning to play team sports are often told, uThere is no I in TEAM. Stars apparently （apparent） do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.7. （2019 全国卷 I ） During the rosy years of elementar
6、y school （小学），I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social （society） status.（二）高考中的阅读理解熟词 生义（2019 全国卷 I ）This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence （节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. 施加（力）；手压（2）（2018 全国卷HI）Boom towns grow fro
7、m nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness （荒里予）.But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30, 000.新兴城市词类 活用（2018 全国卷 I ）Color is fundamental in home design 一 something you11 always
8、 have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you 11 love to live in. n.理解；领会（2018 天津高考）“Whats this place? ” I asked, still confused. “Well, its our home. My heart jolted （震颤）.I raced to the staircase and called out, “Sally! Come down
9、immediately! ” 快 速移动；冲生词 僻义（D（2019 全国卷 I ）The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off. 当局；官方（2018 全国卷III） r m not sure who is more frightened, me or the femalegorilla （大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.突然（出现）；
10、 一下子（冒出来）（三）高考中的完形填空1. （2018 全国卷 H）He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very familiar. Whats his name? ” I asked the instructor. Ben, he replied, and immediately I knew. That stranger was my son!A. happenedB. occurredC. appliedD. appealed解析：选B下文提到
11、被救的年轻人正是作者的儿子，因此这里表示作者看着昏迷不醒 的年轻人，突然想到一件事。something occurred to sb.表示“某人突然想到某事”。2. （2014 安徽高考）I gratefully sat down with the old lady and we had a happy lunch together. As the meal drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. I had already told her that I hadn，t 46 a car, and hadn，t rea
12、lised how expensive taking taxis would be.A. donatedB. repairedC. hiredD. guided解析：选C最后一句意为：“我”已经告诉她“我”没有租用（hired）小汽车，也没 有意识到搭出租车会是多么昂贵。3. （2014 湖北高考）During the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and 45 the little money my wife earned by substitute teaching.A. give awayB. hand o
13、utC. live onD. put aside解析：选c此处表示“我们”学会了在“我们的”卡车上求生存，并且学会了仅靠 “我”妻子代课赚的一点儿钱过日子。live on表示“靠（钱）生活”。4. （2014 湖北高考）One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself 50 for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!A. desperateB. readyC. suita
14、bleD. thankful解析：选D作者此时感激（thankful）生活给他的磨炼，这一磨炼增强了家庭的凝聚力。5. （2015 陕西高考）It hit me then: why, as a child, helping Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine （习惯）meant Dad was home early to spend the evening with Mum and me. It 40 a happy and loving family.B. brokeA. affectedC. meantD. suppor
15、ted解析：选C 一家三口，其乐融融，这才是一个幸福的、有爱的家庭。affect 影响”； break “打破”；mean “意味着；support “支持”。由语境及上文中的meant可判断选C 项。6. （2013 重庆高考）No one 41 the concepts. Except for Joe. He understood them and answered all the questions correctly.A. challengedB. graspedC. doubtedD. admitted解析：选 B 由后文中的 “He understood them and answ
16、ered all the questions correctly. 可知除了乔,没有一个人领会这些概念。challenge 向（某人）挑战”； grasp ”领会,理解 ；doubt “怀疑”；admit “成认”。7. （2012 四川高考）Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. I was alone that night, “ he says. Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons. ”A. nervousB. surprisedC. proudD.
17、 thankful解析：选D根据后文Sibson自己所说的话“我当天晚上是一个人。然后我听到了我 生命中最美丽的声音，是Huggons。”可知，他对Huggons心存感激。应选D。8. （2010 山东高考）I was concentrating so much on keeping the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look where I was going. I missed my partner，s box altogether and 46 .A. wanderedB. slippedC.
18、wavedD. skipped解析：选B没踩住同伴的箱子而滑落了，wander漫步；slip滑落，滑倒；wave招手; skip跳跃，故B项正确。9. （2010 湖南高考）Soon it became42 that we were getting nowhere. I beganto picture the rest of the day in the forest, without food or drink.A. mysteriousB. ridiculousC. fascinatingD. apparent解析：选D由常识可知，迷路时，假设遇到岔道口，不知走向何方，这是很显然的。故 a
19、pparent 明显的，符合语境。（四）高考中的写作1. （2019 全国卷I书面表达）我知道下个月将在美术馆举办一次中国画展览，所以写 信来申请获得成为志愿者的机会。(apply)Knowing an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month, I am writing to apply for the chance to become a volunteer.2. (2018 江苏高考书面表达)当在网上购物时，我过去常常通过咨询消费排名来做出 一些选择。(by means of)When sh
20、opping online, I used to make some choices by means of consulting consumption ratings.3. (2017 北京高考书面表达)这就是为什么我认为沿着长江的旅行是一个更好的选择。 (thats why .)Thats why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice. 二、在拓展训练中积累主题词汇“主要国家地理概况”主题常用词汇originclimatenationpositionpopulationatmosphere lieadapt
21、defendlocate(ll)5urroundUrbanremotebonvenientbhangeablebreak out(gfeet prepared forbome to powerbn behalf ofin memory of熟练词汇在口内打“J”，欠熟练词汇平时多关注练中巩固I.单词拼写1. The population (人口) almost doubles in summer, mainly because of the jazz festival.2. Public complaints about urban (城市的)noise pollution often fal
22、l on deaf ears.3. We have to act to preserve the unity of our nation (国家).4. Cuba has a tropical climate (气彳I矣) with year-round sunshine.5. Landslides have cut off many villages in remote (偏远的)areas.6. The old harbour is still full of atmosphere (气氛)and well worth visiting. IL单句语法填空1. Do you want to
23、 get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just get better prepared (prepare) for your day?2. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting (adapt) to climate change.3. Higher temperatures and changeable (change)
24、 rainfall patterns can change plants， patterns of growth.4. The world moves on because of those who are ready to turn their original (origin) ideas into reality.5. Located (locate) where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.6. There is no greater pl
25、easure than lying (lie) on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring at the night sky.7. As is known to all, with the improvement of peoples living standards, cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience (convenient) to our life.8. When I headed toward the centre,
26、I found myself surrounded (surround) by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe.9. How to defend ourselves from cyber bullying in the era of Internet has become a heated topic.10. Ahead of him now at the top of the ridge was the government position where he knew he would be challenged.III.补
27、全句子1. The present government came to power two years ago.现任政府两年前上台执政。2. On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. 我代表我们学校向您表示热烈的欢迎。3. The monument was set up in memory of the soldiers who died in the war. 这座纪念碑是为纪念在战争中牺牲的士兵而建的。4. Her friends came to help her to preser
28、ve the precious books when the war broke out.战争爆发时，她的朋友们来帮助她保存珍贵的书籍。单元主题语篇训练I .阅读理解AIf Confucius （孔子） were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. He，d need a strong wind to help him put them out.While many people in China wil
29、l remember Confucius on this special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. Its nothing personal. Most Americans dont even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.But this doesn，t mean that Americans don，t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a
30、bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries. These sc
31、hools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy （哲学）.Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks （缺点） of Westerners，philosophy.
32、Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.So the old
33、 thinkers ideas are still alive and well.Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.语篇解读：本文阐述了西方学生学习中国文化的现象，并告
34、诉我们中国古代伟大的思想 家一一孔子的思想仍然受到世界人们的追捧。1. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to .A. provide some key facts about ConfuciusB. attract the readers， interest in the subjectC. show great respect for the ancient thinkerD. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations解析：选B写作意图题。第一段说如果孔子仍然活着并能庆祝生日的话
35、，将会有很多 的蜡烛，他需要很大的风才能吹灭，是为了吸引读者的兴趣，让读者继续读下去。2. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students .A. have a great interest in studying ChineseB. take an active part in Chinese competitionsC. try to get high scores in Chinese examsD. fight for a chance to learn Chinese解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和第六句中的“are
36、racing to learn Chinese可知，美国学生对中国文化很感兴趣。3. What is the best title for the passage?A. Forgotten Wisdom in AmericaB. Huge Fans of the Chinese LanguageC. Chinese Culture for WesternersD. Old Thinker with a Big Future解析：选D标题归纳题。本文主要向我们介绍了孔子的思想对西方的影响，以及将来 可能产生的影响。BWe humans are a curious species. As NASA
37、 says on its website, “Humans are driven to explore the unknown, discover new worlds, push the boundaries of our scientific and technical limits, and then push further. ”And space exploration is where weve been “pushing” our furthest curiosity.The year 2019 began with two pieces of exciting space ex
38、ploration news. On Jan.3, China landed a spacecraft, Chang，e 4, on the moon，s far side 一 the side we can，t see from Earth 一 for the first time in human history. And according to a report published on Jan. 9 in Nature, scientists from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) detecte
39、d repeated radio signals from a galaxy 1. 5 billion light years away, possibly sent by intelligent aliens.However, what，s even more exciting than the news is the fact that whenever speaking of space exploration, we forget our political and cultural differences 一 the things that so obsess us.“When yo
40、u go into space, you become part of this overall collective (集体) called Humanity , Ken Liu, Chinese-American sci-fi writer and translator, told Quartz website. Youre no longer Chinese, American, Russian . Your culture is left behind. Youre now just Humanity with a capital H.This magic has worked all
41、 the way along our journey into space. When US astronaut Neil Armstrong (19302012) became the first human to set foot on the moon in 1969, for example, he told the world： Thats one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. Now, with Chang e 4 touching down on new moon territory, China，s aim
42、is to help scientists from around the world find out more about Earth，s only satellite. And with the discovery of the CHIME astronomers, we re one step closer to answering a common question in science： ”Are humans alone in the universe? ”Its true that we are a curious species. But instead of being c
43、urious about the “unknown ， perhaps were really more eager to “push further“ our own human“boundaries” and “limits” .语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。多年来，人类对于宇宙的探索从未停止。随着嫦娥4 号登上月球的反面，我们对月球的探索又进入了一个新的阶段。4. Which of the following is the discovery of the CHIME scientists?A. A galaxy with intelligent aliens.B. Repeated ra
44、dio signals sent by intelligent aliens.C. Repeated radio signals from a distant galaxy.D. Radio signals from a galaxy several years ago.解析：选C 细节理解题。由题干中的discovery of the CHIME scientists可定位到 原文第三段。根据该段最后一句中的 “detected repeated radio signals from a galaxy” 可知，CHIME探测到了一个来自15亿光年外的星系的无线电信号。应选C。5. Why d
45、oes the author quote Ken Liu，s words?A. To introduce Lhe famous wriIer, Ken Liu.B. To show that in space we are just humanity.C. To emphasize that culture is not important.D. To introduce the things that obsess us very much.解析：选B细节理解题。由题干中的Ken Liu可定位到原文倒数第三段。根据该段中 的Youre now just Humanity with a cap
46、ital W .可知，Ken Liu 告诉我们， 在太空中，没有国籍，我们都是一个集体一一人类。应选B。6. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 6?A. Further confirm his opinion.B. Add some background information.C. Summarize the previous paragraphs.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.解析：选A 推理判断题。由第六段第一句uThis magic has worked all the way
47、 along our journey into space.”及接下来该段围绕这个话题进一步的举例说明可以推断出，该 段是在继续证明作者的观点。应选A。7. Whats the main idea of the text?A. China takes the lead in space exploration.B. Humans are not alone in the universe.C. Space exploration is a common cause of mankind.D. Humans desire to push the boundaries of scientific
48、limits.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文是围绕宇宙探索这个话题展开的。而且，文章还提到， 宇宙探索是人类共同的事业，在这里不分国籍、文化。应选C。II .短文改错Several days before, we held an activity in the schoolyard to learn and appreciate what the history and art of Peking Opera facial masks. Facial masks dated back to over 1,000 years. Different colors of masks, as well the various facia