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1、人与社会之文化习俗与传统节日（测）满分：50得分阅读理解（每小题2分，共16）A （2021 四川三模）Are you one of the millions of people that start shopping for Halloween before school even starts? Insights from a study stated that more than a third of consumers will start buying Halloween products in September or earlier.According to the survey
2、, the majority of shoppers planned to purchase Halloween items from discount specialty, and department stores. Others take inspiration from an online search starting as early as August in some cases. This is good news for stores who get to reap the profits, though.Roberta Gleicher, a district manage
3、r, said as a customer, she finds it annoying that stores put out decorations in August but as a business consultant （顾问），she recommends they do so. Stores try to keep customers in there as long as possible because the more time they spend, the more they will shop and buy. Once they* re shopping, the
4、y see holiday decorations and get in the holiday spirit,“ Gleicher says. This is true for women, especially, Gleicher noted. Women tend to take their time, look around, and compare price - whereas men buy and get out, she added.“The store wants the customer to associate buying decorations. They want
5、 customers to think, *Oh yeah, this store has decorations, lets shop there,Gleicher says. HAnd if they do the displays well enough, it will encourage shoppers to make impulse purchases.Another reason why stores display howling ghouls （食尸鬼）in the summer heat is out of pure competition. Stores dont ha
6、ve a choice because its almost guaranteed that competitors will get the buck. Once shoppers buy a product, theyve bought it 一 and dont need to go elsewhere, Gleicher said.“If more competitors keep pushing it earlier and earlier, it could end up starting in July/ Gleicher says. nThe longer they can e
7、xtend the season, the better it is fbr their sales.”What can we learn from the survey?A. Some consumers purchase Halloween items early. B , The majority of customers prefer shopping online.C. Customers purchase Halloween products only for discountA few shoppers buy Halloween items from department st
8、ores.1. Why does Roberta Gleicher recommend stores put out decorations in August?A. To help customers get relaxed.B. To compete with other online stores.C. To attract women to buy more holiday decorations.D. To get customers in the holiday atmosphere and buy products.2. Which of the following will R
9、oberta Gleicher most probably agree with?A. More competitors extend Halloween from August.B , Stores display decorations early due to competition.C. Decorations will encourage men to make impulse purchases.D. Shoppers definitely wont go elsewhere once they buy a product.3. Where is the text most pro
10、bably taken from?A. An advertisement. B. A lecture.C. A text-book. D. A news report.【答案】1. A2. D3. B4. D【解析】本文为新闻报道。文章主要介绍了人们在九月份或者更早就开始购买万圣节装饰品的现象以及商 家提前售卖万圣节装饰品的原因。1 .细节理解题。根据第一段“Insights from a study stated that more than a third of consumers will start buying Halloween products in September or e
11、arlier.（一项研究表明，超过三分之一的消费者将在9月或更早的时候开 始购买万圣节产品厂可知，一些消费者会在九月份或更早就开始购买万圣节相关产品。故选A。2 .推理判断题。根据第三段 Rober-ta Gleicher 所说的话“Stores try to ke印 customers in there as long as possible because the more time they spend, the more they will shop and buy. Once theyre shopping, they see holiday decorations and get
12、in the holiday spirit （商店试图让顾客在里面呆的时间越长，因为他们花的时间越多，他们 买的东西就越多。一旦他们开始购物，他们就会看到节日装饰，感受到节日的气氛广可知，其建议商家在八 月份售卖万圣节装饰品是因为商家想尽早让消费者沉浸在节日气氛中从而购买商品。故选D。3 .细节理解题。根据第五段“Another reason why stores display howling ghouls （食鬼）in the summer heat is out of pure competition.（另外一个原因是，在炎热的夏天，商店陈列的食尸鬼嚎叫纯粹是出于竞争）可知，商 家在夏季
13、开始展出圣诞节装饰品是因为竞争。故选B。4 .推理判断题。全文主要报道了人们在九月份或者更早就开始购买万圣节装饰品的现象以及商家提前售卖 万圣节装饰品的原因，属于新闻报道。故选D。B河北省保定市2021-2022学年高三上学期摸底】In my first year of teaching in Houston, I was asked to act as a batman at a birthday party.One night, the headmaster handed me a costume and said, Tomorrow youre going to be batman/ I
14、 knew a batman with a moustache at the party was a huge red flag. I knew it was specially bad for my image,but I didnt want to change my physical appearance because that would mean I was funnier, so I chose not to shave.The party was at a huge public park, and I had to park my car far enough away so
15、 that the children couldnt see me. Then I walked to it secretly, but unluckily, the children saw me coming from about 300 meters away.I started to regret not to shave. When I got close enough for them to see my face clearly the entire party broke into laughter. I wanted to turn around and run back i
16、n embarrassment, but then the laughter changed into cheering and applause. I ran into the party and saw the “birthday boy with his dad. The dad laughed,HI told you, son. A batman has a moustache. HThen he showed me the huge birthday cake with a batman drawn on it, and the batman had a moustache. I j
17、ust stared at it in disbelief. But it was a thick black line drawn underneath his nose, just like my moustache.All the children said, nA batman doesnt have a moustache.Instead of admitting the cake was messed up, the parents tried to save face, saying, nNo, a batman always has a moustache. He just s
18、haves it for his movies.Naturally, the children were doubtful, but my moustache became the detail that confirmed what the parents had said. Those children of the perfect age still believed in wonders and superheroes and they were pleased to find something kept hidden from others.That year, I struggl
19、ed a lot with my identity. Was I a teacher or a clown （|、丑）? But that day, I may not have been the hero they ordered, and certainly I wasnt the hero they expected, but I was the hero they needed.4. What does the underlined phrase1 a huge red flag” in paragraph 2 mean?A A big loss.B. A red sunrise.C
20、, A great honor.D. A disadvantageous thing.5. Why did the author have his car parked far away?A. To buy a huge birthday cake.B , To take a walk before the party.C. To avoid being noticed by the children.D. To keep away from the thick black line.6. How did the author feel when the whole party burst o
21、ut laughing?A. Awkward.B. Relieved.C. Happy.D. Puzzled.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Funny Father B. A Famous ClownA Superhero with a SecretA Perfect Age for Wonders 【答案】5. D6, C7. A8. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在一次生日宴会上扮演蝙蝠侠的经历和感受。5 .词义猜测题。根据文章第二段关键句I knew a batman with a moustache at
22、the party was a huge red flag.I knew it was specially bad for my image,but I didnt want to change my physical appearance because that would mean I was funnier, so I chose not to shave.（我知道派对上有个留着小胡子的蝙蝠侠是个。我知道这对我的形象 特别不好，但我不想改变我的外表，因为那将意味着我更有趣，所以我选择不刮胡子。）可以推测，“ahugh red flag”表示不好的事情，与“A disadvantageo
23、us thing.（一件不利的事情）意思相符。故选D项。6 .细节理解题。根据第三段关键句The party was at a huge public park, and I had to park my car far enough away so that the children couldnt see me.（聚会在一个很大的公园举行，我必须把车停得足够远，这样孩子们就 看不见我了。）可知作者把车停得很远是为了不让孩子们看见他。故选C项。7 .细节理解题。根据第四段关键句When I got close enough fbr them to see my face clearly th
24、e entire party broke into laughter. I wanted to turn around and run back in embarrassment, but then the laughter changed into cheering and applause.（当我离他们足够近，让他们清楚地看到我的脸时，整个聚会都爆发出笑声。我想尴尬地转身 跑回去，但笑声变成了欢呼和掌声。）可知，当整个派对上的人看见作者的脸哄堂大笑时，他很尴尬。故选 A项。8,主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句Those children of the perfect age still
25、 believed in wonders and superheroes and they were pleased to find something kept hidden from others.（这些完美年龄的孩子仍然相信奇 迹和超级英雄，他们很高兴发现了一些不为人知的东西。）并结合全文故事内容可知，文章讲述了作者在一 次生日宴会上扮演蝙蝠侠时故意不刮胡须，结果阴差阳错地让父母们向孩子们证实了超级英雄蝙蝠侠有胡 须，孩子们因此认为发现了超级英雄的秘密的故事。因此，“A Superhero with a Secret（一个有秘密的超级 英雄）符合本文主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选C项。完形
26、填空（2021 广东高三月考）（每小题1分，共15分）This year my husband and T decided to have a quiet, low-key New Years Eve. We wanted to spend it with our kids and other immediate family and make it a special for them, instead of 2 a babysitter and going out on our own. The logical way to do this was through 3. As we all
27、 know, food had a magical way ofmaking; a night 4 and our New Years Eve certainly 5 that way, thanks to doughnuts（甜甜圈）.I decided to make doughnuts because my cousins had 6a batch（扑匕）on Halloween and I found itvery 7. I used a recipe from the 1976 Mennonite cookbook More With Less and it 8 a curious
28、ingredient-two cups of mashed potatoes that 9 made the texture lighter. The doughnuts were 10 and cut from a sheet of dough（生面团），then left to rise until ready to fry in hot oil. Then they took several seconds to 11, which meant that my enormous batch of 100 doughnuts was 12 cooking in a fairly short
29、time. We glazed（浇上浆液）the tops and then 13 them for the rest of the evening. The leftovers disappeared at breakfast.This will become an annual 14,1 have no doubt. Whether we host a bigger party or keep it small, therewill always be 15 doughnuts, because when you have hot homemade doughnuts, you cant
30、help but havethe best time.1. A. challenge2. A. training3. A. time4. A. short5. A. tested out6. A. put7. A. impressive8. A. took up9. A. fortunately10. A. rolled out11. A. steam12. A. finished13. A. prepared14. A. celebration15. A. fresh【答案】1. D2. B3.B. ideaB. hiringB. moneyB. memorableB. moved onB.
31、 boughtB. expensiveB , carried onB. possiblyB. taken apartB. cookB. practicedB. waitedB. ideaB. rawC4. B5. C6. D7.C. opportunityC. knowingC. foodC. messyC. tuned outC. broughtC. healthyC. called forC. totallyC. sorted outC. sinkC. consideredC. enjoyedC. ceremonyC. commonA8. C9. BIO. All.D. occasionD
32、. interviewingD. funD. silentD. picked outD. madeD. nutritiousD. cut offD. absolutelyD. cut downD. floatD. demandedD. longedD. traditionD. localB12. A13. C14. D15. A和家人一起庆祝除夕夜的故事。【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在家里自己烹饪甜甜圈,2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想和我们的孩子以及其他直系亲属一起度过这段时光，让这段时光成为他们的一个特殊时刻。A. challenge挑战；B. idea想法;C.opport
33、unity机会;D. occasion时机。根据上文“We wanted to spend it with our kids and other immediate family”可知，此处表示作者与丈夫想低调的过除夕夜，与 家人们一起度过这段时光，让这段时光成为他们的一个特殊时刻。故选D项。2 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:而不是雇佣保姆,不是独自外出。A. training训练；B.hiring雇佣;C. knowing 了解；D. interviewing采访。根据下文“babysitter”可知，此处表示雇佣保姆。故选B项。3 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：做到这一点的合乎逻辑的方法是通过食物
34、。A. time时间；B.money金钱；C. food 食物；D. fun 乐趣。根据下文“As we all know, food had a magical way of making” 可知，此处谈及的话 题应是食物。故选C项。4 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个令人难忘的夜晚，多亏了甜甜圈，我们的除夕夜果然是以那样的方式 出现。A. short 短的；B. memorable 难忘的；C. messy 肮脏的；D. silent 安静的。根据上文“This year my husband and I decided to have a quiet, low-key New Years
35、 Eve.可知，我们和亲人一起度过除夕夜，一定是一个难忘的 夜晚。故选B项。5 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个令人难忘的夜晚，多亏了甜甜圈，我们的除夕夜果然是以那样的方式出 现。A. tested out对 进行彻底检验；B. moved on继续前进；C. tuned out发生；D.picked out挑选出。根 据上文“a night memorable”可知，此处表示我们的除夕夜果然以这样的方式出现。故选C项。6 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定做甜甜圈，因为我的堂兄弟们在万圣节那天做了一批甜甜圈。A. put 放；B. bought 买；C. brought 带来；D. made 制
36、作。根据上文“I decided to make doughnuts because”可知,此 处表示我要做甜甜圈是因为我的堂兄在万圣节那天做了一批。故选D项。7 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决定做甜甜圈，因为我的表兄弟们在万圣节做了一批甜甜圈，我觉得它 给人们留下了深刻的印象。A. impressive给人以深刻印象的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.healthy健康的；D.nutritious营养丰富的。根据上文“I decided to make doughnuts”可知，此处表示我决定制作甜甜圈是因为这个 甜甜圈给人们留下了深刻的印象。故选A项。8 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：它需
37、要一种奇怪的成分两杯土豆泥。A. took up占据；B. carried on继续； C. called for需要；D. cut off切断。根据文中“a curious ingredient”可知，此处表示需要一种奇怪的材料。故 选C项。9 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：它需要一种奇怪的成分两杯土豆泥，这可能会使质地更轻。A. fortunately 幸运地；B. possibly 可能地;C. totally 总地；D. absolutely 绝对地。根据下文“made the texture lighter”可知, 使质地更轻表示一种可能性。故选B项。10 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：把面
38、饼擀薄，再切下来，然后发酵在热油中炸。Arolled out铺开；B. taken apart 拆开;C. sorted out 把分类;D. cut down 砍伐。根据下文“cut from a sheet of dough, then left to rise until ready to fry in hot oil”可知，此处描述的是甜甜圈的制作步骤，第一步是把面饼擀薄。故选A项。11 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们花了几秒钟的时间来烹调。A. steam蒸；B. cook烹饪；C.sink下 沉；D.float浮动。根据上文“fry in hot oil”可知，接下来只需要几秒
39、钟的时间来烹饪。故选B项。12 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我的一大批大约100个甜甜圈在相当短的时间内就完成了烹饪。A. finished 完成；B. practiced 练习；C. considered 考虑；D. demanded 需要。根据下文“in a fairly short time. 可知，此处表示在相当短的时间内完成烹饪。故选A项。13 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们浇上浆液然后在晚上剩下的时间里享用它们。A. prepared准备；B. waited 等待；C. enjoyed 享受；D. longed 渴望。根据下文“The leftovers disappeare
40、d at breakfast.”可知，甜甜圈在晚 上的时候被吃掉了。故选C项。14 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，这将成为一年一度的传统。A. celebration庆祝活动；B. idea主 意；C. ceremony 典礼；D. tradition 传统。根据下文“Whether we host a bigger party or keep it small, there will always be.doughnuts”可知，无论我们是举办大型派对还是举办小型派对，总会有甜甜圈，可推知， 这将成为一年一度的传统。故选D项。15 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论我们是举办大型派对还是
41、举办小型派对，总会有新鲜的甜甜圈。A. fresh 新鲜的；B. raw省的；C. common普通的；D.local当地的。根据下文“hot homemade doughnuts”可知，这里 说的是自制热甜甜圈，可推知，总会有新的甜甜圈。故选A项。读后续写（19分）（2021.全国.高三）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I still remember it, like it was yesterday when my parents told me the news. It was the week before Christmas on Thur
42、sday morning when my parents said, “Stacy, start packing your things so we can go to Florida for the holidays?“Okay, “I responded.We do this every year fbr Christmas and New Year. Its kind of a family tradition we have.We go every year because we like to visit some family members living in Florida.T
43、here has never been a year when weve missed a trip to Florida for the holidays. I was so excited to go on this trip because Christmas is my favorite holiday, but to top it off I was going to get to celebrate it with my family.The next morning, my mother entered my room. “Stacy, wake up! We need to g
44、o to the airport so that we can get our plane tickets to Florida before they sell out.”I jumped out of bed and got ready as fast as I could.When we were on our way to the airport, I couldnt stop talking and smiling because I was too excited about getting our tickets.“Arent you just excited to go to
45、Florida?” I asked.“Yes, I am.We can finally catch up with the family and drink hot cocoa,“ responded my mother.The airport was so crowded. Some people were leaving to other countries and others were just visiting for the holiday. There was such a huge line in the airport because so many different pe
46、ople were buying plane tickets.When it was our turn, my mother said, Three tickets to Florida on Christmas Eve please/9The lady working there responded, Well, you guys are lucky.You got the last three tickets to Florida.My mother and I both smiled in relief and paid for our tickets and went back hom
47、e to finish packing.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右。3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已给出。Paragraph 1 ：When we arrived home, we found father was lying on the floor, bleeding.Paragraph 2：After we left for the airport to buy tickets, a man climbed into our house to steal money.【答案】 When we arrived home, we found father was lying
48、 on the floor, bleeding. Though we felt very surprised, we sent him to hospital at once.With the help of doctors, my father came back to life on Christmas Eve, which made our family pleased. My parents loved each other very much, so my mother kept my father company day and night, completely forgetting the top to Florida. After my father woke up, he said sorry to us and told us everything that happened to him.After we left for the airport to buy tickets, a man climbed into our house to steal money. My f