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1、精品_精品资料_八年级上册英语语法、短语和学问点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.本单元的话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时.本单元的语法: 1.复习一般过去时. 2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法.语法: 1.本单元显现的 动词不规章过去式有:isam-was 是 are -were 是 go-went 去 buybought 买 take -took 拿走, dodoesdid feed fed 喂 see saw 观察 eatate 吃 havehashad 有,吃feelfelt感觉 ride rode 骑 get got 到达 ,得到 c
2、ancould 能,会forget forgot 遗忘 drink drank 喝find found 找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法: somebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere(疑问副词) 不定代词和不定副词(1) 左边的 some、any、every、no 与右边的 body、one、thing 构成不定代词 , some、any、every、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词 .(2) 一般情形下以 some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句,以any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句.以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no
3、 one 为两个单词).(3) 不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面.He hassomething important to do.他有重要的事情要做. (确定句用 something,形容词 important 放后)Did you buy anything special. (一般疑问句用 anything ,形容词 special 放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month.上个月你去令人感爱好的的方了吗? 一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词 interesting 放后(4) 不定代词和不定副词做主语 时,后面的动
4、词用 单数形式 .Everone is here today.今日每个人都在这里.本单元的短语和学问点:1.P1,图片 go on vacation去度假go to the mountains上山/进山2.P1,1a stay at home呆在家 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp去参观夏令营3.P2,2b study for tests为考试而学习 备考go out 出去4.P2,2d quite a few 相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few friends他. 有不少伴侣. t
5、ake photos照相most of the time 大部分时间5.(P3,语法表格 3 行 buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 为某人买某物My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me我. 妈妈给我买了一件毛衣.6.(P3,语法表格 4 行 taste good. 尝起来很好taste(尝起来)、look (看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词The food tastes delicious这. 食品尝起来特别可口.The T-shirt looks beautiful
6、.这件体恤衫看起来很美丽.The songs sound beautiful这. 些歌曲听起来很美丽.7.(P3,语法表格 5 行have a goodgreatfun time 过得兴奋,玩得开心( =enjoy oneself)Theyhad a good timeyesterday.= Theyenjoyed themselves yesterday.他 们昨 天玩 得很 高兴 .8.P3,3a go shopping去购物9.P3,3b,4 行 nothing but+ 动词原形:除了 之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yeste
7、rda昨y. 天他在家除了读书无事可做.10.P3,3b,5行 seem to do sth:似乎 I seem to know him.我似乎熟悉他.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_seem+( to be)+形容词: 看起来 The work seems(to be)easy这.工作看起来很简洁.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_11.(P3,3c)keep a diary记日记可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_12.P5,2b,1行in+大的方:达到某的(get to +的方:达到某的) arriveat+小的方:达到某的get 的过去式为 g
8、otHe arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京.如是 arrive 和 ge 后跟 home、there、 here 三个的点副词 ,后面的介词inatto 必需去掉.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrivedhome yesterday evening昨.晚汤姆到家.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13.P5,2b,2行decide to do sth: 打算做某事 He decided to go home他. 14.P5,2b,3行 try doi
9、ng sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事The boy tried riding bicycle. 这个小孩试着骑自行车He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮忙这个老年人.15.P5,2b,4行 feel like 给的感觉.感受到16.P5,2b,1段末行 in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走打算回家.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_enjoydoing sth: 宠爱做某事 He enjoys playing basketball他.宠爱打篮球.17.P5,2b,2段 1 行differe
10、nce 名词,差异,差别- different 形容词,不同的 18.P5,2b,2段 2 行start doing sth :开头做某事 (= start to do sth ) He started doing his homework. 他开头做家庭作业.19.P5,2b,2段 3 行over an hour 一个多小时(over 超过,余外 = more than ) 20.P5,2b,2段 4 行 too many 太多,后接可数名词复数.Mother bought too many eggs yesterday昨. 天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋.too much 太多,后跟不行数名词,修饰动
11、词作状语.We have too muchwork to do.我们有很多工作要做. Dont talk too much.不要说太多. much too 太, 后跟形容词或副词 The hat is much toobig for me.这帽子对我来说太大.You re walking much toofast.你走的太快了.辨论三者的口诀: too much, much too, 用法区分看后头 :much 后接不行数 ,too 后修饰形或副. toomany 要记住,后面名词必复数.21.P5,2b,2 段 6 行 because of 由于 ,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing )
12、,不能接句子. because 由于,后跟句子.He can got to schoolbecause of the rain.他由于下雨没去上学. (rain 为名词)He was late for schoolbecause of getting up late.他由于起晚而上学迟到. ( get 为动词)= He was late for school because he got up late.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I don t buy the shbiretcause it was too expensive我.没有买这件衬衣由于它太贵.可编辑资料 -
13、- - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_22.P5,2b,2段 8 行enough足够的 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enoughmoney .他有足够的钱. money 为名词enough 足够的与形容词或副词连用, enough 放在后面.He is old enough to go to school. old为形容词 23.(P6,2d,倒数 4 行) doing sth.遗忘已经做过某事(已经做完)forgetto do sth.遗忘去做某事(仍未做) forget 的过去式为 forgotDonftoget to close the door不. 要遗忘关上门.(门仍未关)He
14、 forgot closing the door.他遗忘已经关上门了. (门已经关上,但是他忘了)24.(P6,2e,5行) another+ 数字+可数名词单数或复数 :额外多少某物He ate one apple,he wanted another two apple他s.吃了一个苹果,仍想再要两个.25.(P8,self check,2,6行) so+形容词+that+ 句子:如此以至于too+ 形容词+to do sth:太以至于不能形容词 +enough to do sth :足够能够做某事(留意三个句型有时可以互换)He is so young that he can t go 他
15、to 如sc此ho年ol轻. 以至于不能去上学.= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学.= He isn t old enough to go to school.26.(P8,self check,2,7行) tell sb not to do sth :告知某人(不要)做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_My mother often tells us not to play in the street我.的妈妈常常告知我不要在街上玩.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Unit 2 How often
16、do you exercise.本单元的话题: 谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时.本单元的语法: 1.复习一般现在时. 2.学习表示频率副词的用法.主要频率副词的等级排序: always总是 usually 通常 often常常 sometimes有时 hardly ever很少 never从不这些副词在句子中的位置, 一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后, 行为动词之前. 即:“行”前“助系 ”后. Peter is always late for school.Peter 上学总是迟到.I usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作业.提
17、问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用 How oftenI watch TV every day.我每天都看电视 How often do you watch TV.你多长时间看一次电视?本单元的短语和学问点:1.P9,图片、 1a on weekends在周末 go to the movies 去看电影 help with housework 帮忙做家务how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从不2.P10,2a至 2d 2a:once a week每周一次 twice a week 每周两次every day 每天2c:use t
18、he Internet用互联网2d:be free 有空 Are you free on weekends.你周末有空吗?swing dance摇摆舞 have dance and piano lesson上s 舞蹈和钢琴课play tennis 打网球How about . 怎么样? / 好不好?(后跟名词代词 V ing ) 用来提出看法或征求对方建议 I like apple s,how about you .我宠爱苹果,你了?( apple,名词,苹果) how about =what about How about going shopping this afternoon?今日下午
19、去购物怎么样?(go 为动词) 3.P11,语法表格 go shopping购物4.P11,3a stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动5.P11,3bafter school 放学后6.P12,1bwant sth:需要某物 He wants a new pen他. 想要一支新钢笔.want to do sth :想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视.want sb to do sth :让某人做某事 My mother wants me get
20、 up early妈. 妈让我早起.7.P12,1bbe good for 对有好处be bad for对有害处Swimming is good for our health.游泳对我们的健康有好处.Watching TV is bad for our eyes看.电视对我们的眼睛有害处.8. P13,2a play computer games打电子嬉戏go camping 去野营9.P13,2b, 1 行ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my study我. 的父母常常问我的学习情形.10. P13,2b,1 段 1 行
21、in ones spare time 在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time他. 在业余时间学习英语.11.P13,2b”数字+percent of+名词”做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情形.如名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式.如名词为单数或不行数名词,后面的动词用单数形式.In our class ,twenty of students are boys.在我们班,百分之二十的 同学为男生.Thirty of water is dirty. 百分之三十的 水是脏的.12.P13, 2b,2 段 3 行not at all :一点儿也不(not
22、 构成否定句) I dontlike the movie at all.我一点也不宠爱这部电影.13.P13, 2b,3 段go online 上网14.P13, 2b,3 段the answer to+ 名词:的答案the answer to the question这个问题的答案15.P13, 2b,4 段 the most popular最受欢迎的although 虽然不能与 but 连用,但可以与 yet ,still 连用.Although it is dark ,they are still working. 虽然天黑了,但他们仍在工作.Although he is old ,he
23、 is quite strong.他虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮.16.P13, 2b,5 段 1 行the best way to do sth:做某事的 最好方式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The best way to learn English is speaking English学.习英语的最好方法是说英语.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_17.P13, 2b,5 段 2 行 such as 比如 (后跟名词或名词短语) for example例如(后跟句子)He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so
24、 o他n.宠爱水果,例如苹果、香蕉等.He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tape他s. 有很多好的方法学习英语, 例如,他常常听磁带.18.P13, 2b,5 段 4 行 old habits die hard 积习难改.19.P15, 3amore than =over超过,余外go to the dentist去看牙医Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.本单元的话题: 谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级.本单元的语法: 学习形容词比较级.(语法
25、:见课本第 113 页至 115 页) 本单元显现的形容词和副词的 比较级 有:long longer长的 ,tall-taller 高的 fastfaster更快 ,funnyfunnier更好玩 friendly friendlier (更友好) ,early earlier(更早) ,lazy lazier更懒散 , highhigher更高 , hardharder更努力 ,quietquieter(更寂静,更内向) ,smartsmarter(更聪慧) loud louder(更洪亮),goodwell-better 更好 manymuchmore 更多,popularmore po
26、pular更受欢迎 loudlymore loudly (更洪亮)outgoing-more outgoing更外向 /更开朗 ,hard-working more hard-working(更努力) clearlymore clearly(更清晰) seriousmore serious(更庄重)形容词和副词的比较级讲解 :1. 比较级表示两个人或物的比较. 所用的句型为 “比较级 +than ”(比更),如 than 前后所使用的的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词,后面的动词或助动词可以省略.留意比较的对象必需性质相同. I am taller than my brother我.比我
27、的弟弟高.He is more outgoing than me他. 比我外向.2. 比较级前,可以用 much (更,多得多 ), a lot (更,多得多 ),even(更 ,多得多 ),a little 略微来表示程度. I am a little thinner than my sister我. 比我的妹妹略微瘦.She is much more beautiful than her sister她. 比她的妹妹更美丽.本单元的短语和学问点: 1.P17,图片play+the +乐器 play the drums 打鼓比较 play +球类 play basketball 打篮球bot
28、h and两者都 后面的动词用复数形式Both Tom and Jim are students.汤姆和吉姆都是同学.2.P18,2d the singing competition歌咏竞赛the most important 最重要的3.(P20,1a)be good at+名词 代词V ing :善于,在某方面做得好可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He is good at math .他善于数学( math 为名词) I am good aptlaying basketba我ll擅.长打篮球. play 为动词 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4.(P20
29、,1a)make sb do sth:让某人做某事 He makes me help him他. 让我帮忙他.5.(P20,1b)the same as与 相同 His book is the same as my book他. 的书与我的书一样.6. (P20,1b)be talented in sth :在某方面有天赋 He is talented in music.他在音乐方面有天赋.7.(P21,2b,1 段 2 行) be like:像 The books are like friends.书像伴侣.8.(P21,2b,1 段) make friends with sb :(和某人)
30、交伴侣He often makes friends with children.他常常和孩子们交伴侣 . enjoy doing sth :宠爱做某事 Tom enjoys reading.汤姆宠爱读书.9.(P21,2b,2 段) be different from与不同 My brother is different from me. 我弟弟与我不一样.10.(P21,2b,2 段) help sb to do sth :帮忙某人做某事常与 help sb with sth 在某方面帮忙某人 互换He often helps me (to) learn English.他常常帮忙我学习英语
31、. = He often helps me with my English.他常常在英语方面帮忙我.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_help to do sth: 帮忙做某事 He often helps( to)cook at home他. 11.(P21,2b,3 段) care about 关怀常常在家帮忙做饭.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_My parents often care about my study我. 的父母亲常常关怀我的学习 .12.(P22,2d)比较级表示最高级常用:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_比较级 +than
32、+the other+可数名词复数=比较级 +than +any other+可数名词单数 (用于一范畴内一个与余下进行比较)例如:He is the tallest student in our class(. 最高级)在我们班他是最高的同学.= He is taller than any other student in our class.= He is taller than the other students in our class在.我们班,他比其他的同学高.(在我们班,他与他之外的其他的同学进行比较)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_shanghai is th
33、e biggest city in china上.=海是中国最大的城市.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13.(P24,4)be good with sb: 与某人相处很好The teacher is good with students这. 位老师与同学相处很好.14.(P24,4)information ( n.消息,信息)不行数名词Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater.本单元的话题: 谈论事物对比, 学习形容词和副词的最高级.本单元的语法: 学习形容词和副词的最高级.1. 形容词和副词的最高级常用于表示三者或三者以上进行比较,后面可用of
34、 或 in 短语表示比较的范畴.He is the tallestin his class.在他那个班,他是最高的.Tom studies the bestof the three students .在这三个同学中汤姆学习最好2. 形容词和副词的最高级前常常有the副词的最高级前的 the 可以省略 ,例如:He is the tallest student in our class在. 我们班他是最高的同学. ( tall 为形容词, the 不能省)汤姆在他那个学校跑得最快. ( fast 为副词修饰动词 run,the 可以省略)Tom runs the fastest in his
35、school.3. 比较级也可以表示最高级的含义,见Unit3,12 讲解.本单元显现的形容词和副词的 最高级 有:good好best,badbadly坏的 worst,frest新奇的 frestest, big大 biggest fast快的-fastestnew新的newest cheap便 宜的cheapest funny好玩的- funniestclose近的 closestshort矮的shortestquiet(寂静的,内向的) quietest expensive 昂贵的 most expensive,popular受欢迎的 most popular,quikcly快的 mos
36、t quikcly beautiful美丽的 most beautiful,comefortable舒适的 most comefortable cheaply(廉价的) most cheaplycarefully 认真的,细心的 most carefully boring无聊的 most boringexciting 令人兴奋的 most exciting interesting(令人感爱好的) most interestingserious庄重的,认真的 most seriouscreative 有制造力的 most creative,talented有天赋的 most talented本单
37、元的短语和学问点:1.(P26, 2d,2 行) welcome to+的点: 欢迎来到某的Welcome to our school.欢迎来我校.2.(P27 语法表) What do you think of sth. =How dou you like sth.你认为 .怎么样?What do you think of the book.你认为这本书怎么样?It is boring.很无聊.3.(P29, 2b,1 段 2 行) watch sb do sth:观察某人做了某事( = see sb do sth)I watched him play basketball yesterda
38、y昨. 天我观察他打篮球了.4.(P29, 2b,1 段 3 行) 比较级别 +and+比较级:越来越 (如比较级为 more+ 形容词原级,就为: more and more 形容词原级)The buildings are taller and taller .楼房越来越高.Our school is getting more and more beautiful .我们的学校正在变得越来越美丽.5.(P29,2b,1 段末行) around the world 全世界 =all over the world,such as 例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a g
39、ame show.本单元的话题: 谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的感受.本单元的语法: 复习一般现在时.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_本单元的短语和学问点:1.P33,图片 What do you think of sth.=How dou you like sth.你认为怎么样? What do you think of the movie.你认为这部电影怎么样?It is boring.很无聊.2.P33,图片(补充) mind doing sth :介意做某事Would you mind opening the door.你介意打开门吗? Of cours
40、e not.当然不介意.3.P33,1a news 不行数名词 ,消息,信息 a piece of good news一条好消息4.P34,2b,2行learn sth from sb :向某人学习(某物)We is learning English from the teacher我. 们正在向这位老师学习英语.5.P34,2c,1行plan to do sth: 方案做某事 ( plan 的过去式 plann ed,现在分词 plann ing) He is planning to visit Beijing. 他正在方案拜访北京.6.P34,2c,4行hope to do sth:期望做
41、某事He hopes to meet the famous singe他r. 期望与这位闻名歌手的见面.7.P34,2d,2行have a discussion about sth :争论(某物)They had a discussion about the movie yesterda昨y 天他们争论了这部电影.8.P34,2d,倒数 5 行favorite 形容词,最宠爱的 = like bestMy favorite shows are talk shows.我最宠爱的节目是谈话节目.=I like talk shows best.9.P34,2d,倒数 2 行expect to do
42、sth:期望做某事The girl alaways expects to meet her favorite actor这. 个女孩总是期望与他最宠爱的演员见面.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_10.P37,2b,1段 2 行think of 认为,想起 He often thinks of his teachers他.常常想起他的老师.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_11.P37,2b,1段倒数 2 行in the 1930s:在二十世纪三十岁月( 1930 年至 1939 年) in the 2022s:在二十一世纪 10 岁月( 2022 年至 2022
43、年)12.P37,2b,2段 2 行one of +可数名词复数 :之一(该短语放在句首做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式)One of thestudentshas an English dictionary.这些同学中一个人有英语字典.13.P37,2b,2段 3 行try to do sth: 尽力做某事 He tried to help the old man他.尽力帮忙这老人.try doing sth: 试着做某事 The boy tried riding a bicycle.这个孩子试着骑自行车.14.P37,2b,2段 3 行luck 名词,幸运 ,运气 lucky 形容词 ,幸运
44、的 -unlucky 形容词 ,不幸的 15.P37,2b,2段 5 行be ready to do sth 愿意做某事He is always ready to help others他. 总是乐于助人.16.P37,2b,2段 5 行try one s best (to do sth):尽力(做某事)He often tries his best to help me他. 总是尽力帮忙我.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_17.P39, 3a,3 行take ones place:代替,替换take 的过去式为 tookOur English teacher wasnt at
45、 school,Mr. Wang took her place to teach us English我.校,王老师代替她教我们英语.们英语老师不在学可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Unit6Im going to study computer science.本单元的话题: 谈论自己将来的方案或准备.本单元的语法: 学习一般将来时 be going to do sth.be going to + 动词原形 表示将来的准备、方案或支配.常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year 等时间状语或 when 引导的时间状语从句连用.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I am going to visit my grandparents this Sunday这.个星期天我准备去探望我的爷爷奶奶.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Are you going to play basketball