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1、2022年上海戏剧学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】阅读选择Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not kn
2、ow whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because.A、humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第2题【单项选
3、择题】2009.04 I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。that引导同位语从句，说明。rder的内 容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式，should可以第18题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conferen
4、ce will be held.A、what B which C、when D、that 【正确答案】c 【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第19题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantiti
5、es of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we ta
6、ke for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four pounds
7、of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out 10from the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球外表4000英里的地方，重量会是多少？ 4000这个数字比拟关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一看该句 If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh o
8、nly a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是A。第21题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和
9、保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第22题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:, For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, s
10、now removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching11 the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schoo
11、ls teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、 Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teac
12、h their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第23题【单项选择题】2009.04 I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：我已经从老板那得到指令，这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前 要完成。试题分析：此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。回详细解答：that引导同 位语从句，说明order的内容。同时
13、从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动 词原形的形式，should可以省略。第24题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced12【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】For any given task in Britain t
14、here are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivi
15、ty than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、 Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确
16、答案】c答案解析本段开头告诉读者there are more men than are needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”,接 下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第26题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that t
17、he work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be13【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are als
18、o millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fitB、h
19、ave a body shape that all people will admireC、prolong life spanD、get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型(reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape)而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第28题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when crit
20、icizing some piece of pseudoscience (伪科学).I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sag
21、ans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientist14C、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述,即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第29题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally
22、 all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A”公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers
23、 often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In
24、 the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.15D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Finally, though a childs t
25、eachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professio
26、nal language teaching training he has received.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的“教师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密切的个人关系比教师接受专门的语言教学训练更重要。第32题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to terms
27、C、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。16第33题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will
28、 feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao此题的关键句为：but in fact y
29、our brain and your mouth do not work together properly,因此此题答案为 A。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they mi
30、ght be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国
31、家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。17第35题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第36题【单项选择题】2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does hi
32、s work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第37题【单项选择题】【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radi
33、cal as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission t
34、o many museums, cinemas, and18musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So dont give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B、
35、The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night.D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第38题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many f
36、riends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第39题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精19省略。第3题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climat
37、e scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very spec
38、ific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalis
39、ts helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In “All thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word one sta
40、nds for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being
41、. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving (感知)reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided mainly by.力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟;C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第40题【
42、单项选择题】2008.10 It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.A、statisticsB、constructionsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第41题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, pr
43、eferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第42题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with
44、 a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers.20What can we learn about Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B、 It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C、Tom was blind.D、 Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答
45、案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other 可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就 留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几 次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲 述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提 及。第43题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regular
46、ly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows
47、then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem
48、 and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段（we must21 have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration) o 根据这个信息， A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动