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1、精品_精品资料_一、形容词、副词的基本用法（一） 多个形容词作定语时的排列次序假如两个及两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较亲密的形容词靠近名词.假如几个形容词的亲密程度差不多,就音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后.如：a small wonderful gift .常用的次序为：限定词these, those, +数量形容词 three +描画性形容词 beautiful +大小、长短、高低等形体形容词large,long , high +新旧 old +颜色 red+国籍 Chinese+材料 wood +用途 writing +被修饰的名词 desk为了便利记忆,不妨试试如
2、下口诀： 限定描述大长高,外形年龄与新老. 颜色国籍出材料,用途类别往后靠.英语中有些形容词既可以做前置定语,也可以作后置定语,但意义不同,常见的有：present现在的 /在场的,responsible可依靠的 /应负责的,concerned忧心忡忡的 /有关的,proper适当的 / 正经的, 正式的, involved 复杂难懂的 /相关的,absent心不在焉的 /缺席的.如：人民,只有人民,才是制造世界历史的动力.（三） 形容词作状语形容词作状语表示相伴或结果,并不表示动词的方式.如：He returned home , safe and sound .他安稳无恙的回到了家.The
3、goat rolled over , dead.山羊翻了个身,死了.He is standing there, full of fear .他布满惧怕的站在那.（四） 有些副词置于句首可修饰全句,作评注性状语.如：Fortunately , he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA .幸运的是,他没被淹死,被解放军救了.Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_the responsible man the man responsiblethe
4、present members the members presentthe absent students the students absent可依靠的人应负责的人现在的成员在场的成员心不在焉的同学缺席的同学使她兴奋的是,她的继母对她很好.Luckily , he was not hurt in the accident .幸运的是,他在事故中没有受伤.Obviously , your answer is absolutely wrong .很明显,你的答案确定错误.Naturally , you will want to discuss this problem with your pa
5、rents.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_the concerned teachers忧心忡忡的老师们你自然想和你的父母商议一下此事.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_the teachers concerned（与 事情）相关的老师们（二） 表语形容词表语形容词 如： afraid ,alone,awake,asleep,alive,alike ,ashamed,afloat,well ,sorry,unable,worth , sure并非只能做表语,它们仍可以作补足语,有的仍可作后置定语一般不做前置定语.如：
6、To my surprise, the driver is still aliveafter the traffic accident .令我惊讶的是,交通事故发生后,司机仍活着.The people, and the people alone ,are the motive force in the making of world history.（五） 副词 enough 的用法1. enough 作副词用来修饰形容词、副词时要放在所修饰词的后面.如：students brave enough to take this adventure course will certainly lea
7、rn a lot of useful skills.足够英勇参与这个探险课的同学确定会学到很多有用的技能.Strangely enough , some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless .很古怪,一些闻名的科学家具有马虎和细心双重特点.2. cannot 与 enough 连用,表示“再也不为过” .如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_第 页 1共 5 页可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_You cannot be careful enough .你再细
8、心也不为过.留意： enough 的这种用法仍可用“ cannotnever 等否认词 too”表达.如： I was riding along the street and all of a sudden , a car cut in and knocked me down . You can never be too careful in the street .我正沿着大街骑车,突然一辆汽车横插过来,把我撞倒了.在大街上,你再当心也不为过.（六） 熟记以下几句有关形容词、副词的固定搭配1. Hes dead/blind drunk=very drunk .他喝的酩酊大醉.2. Hes w
9、ide awake .他完全没有睡意.3. It rasining/snowing heavily.雨/ 雪下的很大.4. Hes sound/fast asleep .他睡得很沉.5. Hes moving/breathing/drinking/smoking heavily.他吃力的移动 /喘着粗气 /酒喝得多 /烟抽的多.6. The traffic / He s moustache is heavy .交通拥挤 /他的胡子浓密.She promised to phone.I heard nothing , though .=Though she promised to phone ,
10、I heard nothing .她答应要打来,可我没听到回信儿.二、形容词、副词的比较等级（一） 原级1. 用 asas, not as/ soas, the same as, such as 引导.如： Henry is a worker as good asPeteris.= Henry is as good a worker asPeter is.= Henry is such a good worker asPeteris.Henry 和 Peter 一样都是好工人.Henry dose not have so/as many books as I have.Henry 的书不如我的
11、多.It is generally believed that teaching isas much an artas it is a science.人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术.2. as + 形容词 + as + 数量词 = 数量词 + 形容词.如：The building is as tall as 100 meters .= The building is 100 meters tall .这栋楼房有 100 米高.3. 貌似同等程度比较结构的一些固定习惯用语英语中有些看似是同等程度的比较结构,实际上它们是一些固定的习惯用语.如：as long as 只要, 有可编
12、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_7. The populationof China is larger than that of Japan.中国人口比日本多.8. The price of the book is high/low .这本书的价格很高 /低.=The book is expensive/cheap .这本书很贵 /廉价.（七） 有些副词仍可以作连词,但作副词时,常放在句末,如though ,ever since, in case 等.如：之久.as far as 到的点, 就而言. as soon as一就. as
13、well as又. as good as几乎一样,几乎,简直.如：I will workas so long as I live .只要活着,我就要工作.He has experience as well as knowledge .他既有学问又有体会. 留意此句的翻译次序（二） 比较级=very nearly 与可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1. 比较急修饰语常见的有rather,much,still , even, far,any用于否认句或疑问句 ,a lot, a little , a greatany other +单数名词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品
14、资料_deal, by far, a bit , three times 等.如：The students study even harder than before.比较级 + than +all（ the） other + anyone elseany of the other +复数名词复数名词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_同学们学习比以前更努力了.the rest of+复数名词或不行数名词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. “ the + 比较级, the + 比较级”表示“越,越”.如：如：The
15、Mississippi River is longer thanany other riverin the United States. 密西西比河比美国其他任何一条可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The more tickets you sell , the more money you will get .你卖的票越多,挣的钱就越多.The longeryou stay, the better it will be .你待的时间越长越好.3.“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越” .如：河都长.China is la
16、rger thanany other country in Asia中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大any country in Africa中国比非洲任何国家都大可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The new city is becomingmore and more beautiful.这个新城市变得越来越美丽了.4. the + 比较级 + of the two + 名词,表示“两个中的较的一个”.如：The taller ofthe two boys is my brother .这两个男孩中较高的那个是我哥哥.5. 用介词 by 表示相差的程度.如：She is talle
17、r than I by three inches .=She is three inches taller than I .她比我高 3 英寸.I missed the last train by one minute .我差一分钟没赶上最终一趟火车.6. 一个人所具有的两种性质的比较,用more than结构,意为“与其不如”.如： Ann acts quite unfriendly . I think she s more shy than unfriendly .more shy 不行变为 shyer 或 shier Ann 表现的很不友好.与其说她不友好,不如说她害羞.7. 比较的对象
18、不能相互包涵,常见的句型是：8. 比较的对象应当相同.如：The climatehere is warmer than that of Shanghai.这里的气候比上海的好.The radios made in our factory are better than thosemadein your factory .我们工厂生产的收音机比你们厂的好.9. 留意比较结构中的省略现象在日常交际中,彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略.如： What do you think of the film？ I have never seen a better one.后边省略了 than this film
19、 Toms composition , if not better than , is at least as good as Jacks.后边省略了 composition 这种省略现象制造了肯定的障碍,在高考题中显现频率较高,应引起足够的重视.10. 貌似比较级的一些固定习惯用语（ 1） In no country other thanBritain can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.只有在英国,人们才可能在一天中经受四个季节.no other than 只有,正是.它常用来加强语气,多用于书面语.（
20、 2） More thanone student was given away a ticket to the concert.不止发给了一个同学去听音乐会的票.（ 3） His whole school education added up to no more than= only one year.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_他所受过的学校训练加起来仅仅一年.（ 4） He prefers to stay at home rather thango to the cinema.他宁愿待在家里,也不情愿去看电影.（ 5） He is far morepleased at
21、 the news.听到那个消息,他极其兴奋.（三） 最高级1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词,by far ,nearly ,almost,by no means,not really ,not quite ,noting like .如：The bridge being built now isby far the largestacross the Yellow River .目前在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的.I d like to buy the second most expensivecamera.我想买仅次于最贵的照相机.2. 否认词 + 比较级 = 最高级.如：T
22、here is no greater love thanthat of a man who lays down his life for his friends.为伴侣而舍弃生命的人的爱是最宏大的爱.He has never spend a more worryingday.他度过了最担忧的一天.易错学问总结（一） 表示倍数的几个句型1. times as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 2. times + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than 3. times + the + 性质名词 + of 4. The + 名词 + be + times + that/those of5. Th
23、e + 名词 + be + times + what从句如： At a rough estimate , Nigeria is three times the size ofGreat Britain .= At a rough estimate, Nigeria is three times as big as Great Britain .= At a rough estimate, Nigeria is twice bigger thanGreat Britain .粗略估算,尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的三倍.The output of this year is 3 times that
24、of2022.= The output of this year is 3 times what it wasin 2022.今年的产量是 2022 年的 3 倍.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as manytractors in 1988 as the yearbefore.自从新技术被引进以后,这家工厂1988 年生产的拖拉机是上一年的2 倍.（一） 表示不定数量的常用表达与名词的搭配关系修饰可数名词的有 afew ,fewer ,thefewest,several,a goodmany
25、,a great/large/small number of ,hundreds of,dozens of,scores of,thousands of 等.修饰不行数名词的有 a bit of ,alittle ,less,a great deal of ,a large amount of,theleast,much 等.修饰可数或不行数名词的有 all, a lot of ,lots of ,enough,plenty of , masses of, a large quantity of , large quantities of , more, most, some, any 等.如
26、：Plenty of foreign firmshave set up factories here.很多外国公司已在此设厂.Quantities of foodwere spend out on the table.很多食品被摊在了桌子上.（二） 具有两种形式的副词英语中有的副词兼有两种形式：一种是与形容词同形.另一种是在该形容词后面加副词词缀-ly 构成.这两种形式的副词在词义和用法上有肯定的差异,有的甚至完全不同.常见的这类副词有： direct 径直的, directly 恰好. free 自由的、免费的, freely 自由悠闲的、任凭的. flat 平整的, flatly 直截了当
27、的. short 突然 =suddenly , shortly 不久. even 甚至, evenly 平均的. clean 完全的、径直的, cleanly 清洁的、洁净利索的.clear 隔开、不接触, clearly 清楚的、明显的. close 近的, closely 紧密的、接近的. easy 安逸的, easily 简单的. dead 突然的、完全的, deadly 死一般的、特别. fair 公正的、正直的, fairly 相当的. hard 努力的, hardly 几乎没有、几乎不. most 最, mostly 大部分的. right 直接的、径直的、立刻, rightly
28、公正的、合理的、正确的.high 高高的, highly 高度的. just 正好, justly 公正的. late 迟、晚,lately 最近. near 近, nearly 几乎. pretty 相当的, prettily 美丽的. sharp 突然的、急剧的, sharply 严格的.如：I clean forget to ask her.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_我完全遗忘去问她了. Jack caught the ball cleanly . 杰克很利落的接住了球.He lives close to the village.他住的离村庄很近.We must l
29、ook closely at the problems.我们必需认真的注视问题.After a day s hard work, he was dead tired.辛勤工作一天后,他筋疲力尽.The book is deadly dull.这本书特别枯燥.The birds are flyinghigh .鸟儿正高飞.He is a highly skilled worker. 他是一个特别娴熟的工人.He has been working late. 他始终工作到很晚.I haven t seen him lately .我最近没见到他.The film director ispretty known.这个电影导演特别出名.We are prettily dressed. 我们穿的很美丽.The road turns sharp/sharplyto the right.这条路突然向右转.She turns around sharp/sharply .她突然向后转.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载