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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程高考形容词和副词基础过关形容词 一概念：形容词是用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特点的词；二形容词在句中充当什么成分：通常作定语,表语,主补,宾补和状语；1. 做定语 一般放在所修饰词的前面 an interesting film good idea 形容词修饰不定代词 Some-, any-, no-, every-, 时,形容词一般要后置,做后置定语：everybody clever something important I have _ 一些重要的事情to tell you 2做表语 eg. Impossibl
2、e is nothing. 没有不行能；1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程注 :1 肯定要留意系动词的显现情形；这是一个高考热点问题；常见系动词有：be 变化系词：become, get ,turn, grow, go保持系词：keep ,remain, stay感观系词：look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.2 某些以 a 开头的形容词只做表语,不做定语；afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awa
3、ke, alive某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语 ,不做定语well, ill faint3. 做补足语；eg. We consider the plan workable. 我们认为该方案可行；4.做状语表状况、缘由、结果等；这也是应留意的一点；Eg. 1He went to bed , cold and hungry. 2 Knowing the truth, the boss stood there, speechless. 得知真相后,老板无言以对；speechless为状语,留意形容词作状语,通常用于固定句式,该形容词并非修饰谓语动词,而是说明前面名词的性质或状态 ；例:Whe
4、n it was his turn to deliver his speech, _,he walked towards the microphone. A nervously and A.embarrassingly Bnervous and embarrassedly Cnervously and embarrassing Dnervous and embarrassed 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程解析：该题考查形容词作状语；形容词一般作定语,但也可作状语；如：came back,dru
5、nk. 答案：D 三形容词的比较级和最高级变化规章规章变化He lay in bed ,awake.再如： Her husband 1. 一般情形 加 er, est smaller,smallest 2. 以 e 结尾 加 r,st larger,largest 3. 以 辅音字母 +y 结尾的词 改 y 为 i,再加 er,est busier,busiest 4. 重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母,加 er,est fatter,fattest 5.多数双音节和多音节的词 加 more most more beautiful, most important不变化规章
6、原级比较级最高级good ,well better best bad, ill, badly worse worst many ,much more most little less least far farther, further farthest,further old older, elder oldest, eldest 例：改错1.Farther explanation is unnecessary2. Airplanes can fly further and faster than the fastest bird.3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共
7、17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程四详细用法 :1.原级的用法1 as 原形 as A 与 B 一样 eg. The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.He has not as much money as his friend. 2 not asso 原形 as A 与 B 不一样 eg. She is not as sobeautiful as her sister. 留意The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine. 这项工作不是像你想像的那么难；貌似同级比较
8、结构的一些习惯用语 as far as词汇意义： “ 和 一样远；始终到 ” ；引申义表程度或范畴,作连接词引导从句,表“尽 ；就 ” ； as long as词汇意义： “ 和 一样长 ” ；引申义为 “只要 ” ,引导条件状语从句,相当于 only if ； as well as词汇意义： “ 和 一样好 ” ,可作并列连词,意思是“ 和；以及 ” ；句尾用 as well, 作 “ 也”讲； as soon as词汇意义： “ 尽快 ” ,引申义为 “ 一 就” ,作连词引导时间状语从句,相当 于 the moment when；2.比较级的用法1 比较级 + than eg. Heal
9、th is more important than wealth. 2 比较级 +比较级“越来越 ”higher and higher more and more important 3 the + 比较级, the+比较级“越 ,越 ”eg. The quicker you get ready, the sooner well be able to leave. 4 the + 比较级 +of the two“两者中较 的一个”The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥；4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4
10、页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程5 否认 +比较级 表示最高级“最 不过 ” eg. His work couldnt be worse.How beautifully she sings ！ I have never heard a better voice. Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting. 你对他在会议上说的中意吗？ No.It couldnt have been worse. 不,不能再差了；6比较级 than any other名词单数、比较级 than any of
11、the other 名词复数、比较级 than anyone else 等；补充：senior 年长的,高级的,等词与 to 连用,表示比较级；junior 年幼的,初级的,superior 优越的 ,inferior 下等的,低劣的 eg. He is three years senior to me. He is three years older than me.3. 最高级的用法1the +最高级 +of/in+ 比较范畴 之中最 Of all things in the world, people are the precious. 2the +序数词 +最高级四比较级结构的修饰语
12、1用于原级之前：5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.eg. John is almost as tall as you.The river is three times as long as that one.We have a third as many students as we had last term.2用于比较级前 a lot, muc
13、h , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three times etc.eg. The students study even harder than before. A car runs a great deal faster than a bike. 同学们学习比以前更努力了；汽车比自行车跑得快得多；Its cold this year, but its even colder last year.We produced 6% more grain this y
14、ear than we did last year.3用于形容词和最高级前 the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second eg. This hat is by far the largest in the world.Gold is the very most valuable of all materials . The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥；I d like to buy
15、 the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机；五 形容词的构成1. 本身为形容词 nice, red, glad 2. 形容词后缀-able, -ful, -less, -ous, -al, -ent, -en, -some 名词 +y 结尾的形容词 3. ly 结尾的形容词 6 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程friendly, timely, lovely, deadly, daily, weekly, yearlydeadly, costly,
16、likely, lively, lovely；4. 复合形容词 warm -hearted, good-tempered, easy-going, duty -free六次序在名词前做定语, 为最常见用法； 请留意多个形容词 含其它起形容词作用的词做前置定语的次序；县官行令杀国才；这一句就概述了形容词次序问题；即：限冠词 物主代词、指示代词 数词等观描画形大小、外形等龄 年龄、新旧等色颜色国国籍、出处等材材料、功用等a small round tablea tall gray buildingThis a pretty small round old brown Chinese wooden
17、writing desk补充：can not/never 与 enough 或 too 连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越 越好；I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden ,a car cut in and knocked me down. 我正在大街上单独一人骑自行车,突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了You can never be too careful in the street. 考点解析考点一：词义辨析 在大街上你越认真越好；1. 【2022 山东卷】 33. Be _ you cant expect me to finis
18、h all this work in so little time. A. reasonable B. confident C. creative D. grateful 2. 【2022 安徽卷】 23. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand , even more so. A. vital B. available C. specific D. Similar 7 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程3.【2022 浙江卷 ,1
19、6】My schedule is very _right now, but Ill try to fit you in. A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible 1. 【答案】 A 2. 【答案】 A 【解析】 Be vital to 表示：对 .极端重要3. 【答案】 A 1. Defeat is _ You lose one or two games and you stop believing you can win A physical B political C psychological Dbeneficial 2. - May I che
20、ck in now. - Sorry, sir. But theres not any room _ in our hotel. A. useful B. convenient C. flexible D. available 3. Nowadays, there is a _ increase in childrens creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents. A. sharp Bslight Cnatural “Dmodest 4. Millions of young people are s
21、o _ about the so-called Singles Day” that even websites like Taobao have special sales on November 11. A. particular B. positive C. enthusiastic D. cautious 5. The shop owner promised me that he would inform me as soon as the product became . Aapproachable Baffordable Cavailable Daccessible 6. - Wil
22、l you be _ this afternoon, Samuel. -It depends. Im afraid Ill watch NBA. A. suitable B. accessible C. convenient D. available 考点二：倍数表达法表示倍数的句型：8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程1A is倍数比较级thanB2A is 倍数 as原级 asB3A is 倍数 the名词 size,length,height 等ofB 4A is倍数 thatofB 5A is
23、倍数 what 引导的名词性从句 This building is three times higher than that one. This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one. 这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3 倍高； The output of this year is 3 times that of 2022. The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 20012. 今年的产量
24、是 2022 年的三倍；1 My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours,but it is twice_ _expensive. A as Bso Ctoo Dvery 解析：答案：A 2 Peter s jacket looked just the same as Jack,but it cost_his. Aas much twice as B twice as much as Cmuch as twice as Das twice much as 解析：答案：B3. When you study the l
25、ocal map , you ll find this town is_. Atwice the size of that one Btwice as a large town as that Ctwice as larger as that one Dtwice as larger a town as that 解析：答案：A 9 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程考点三、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级基本用法1. Do you think that the 11th Chinese National
26、Games were a success. Yes, _！It couldnt be _. Arelatively ；better Bapproximately ；worse Cabsolutely；better Dfortunately ；worse 2. Of the two cameras, I would prefer _one ,which is very easy for me to carry. A a smaller Bthe smallest Ca small Dthe smaller 3. _,she is the sort of woman to spread sunsh
27、ine to people through her smile. AShy and cautious BSensitive and thoughtful CHonest and confident DLighthearted and optimistic 4.【2022 四川卷 ,12】 How are your recent trip to Sichuan. I ve never had one before. A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant 5. Was the play ni
28、ce. Yes. As a matter of fact, I have never seen a _one.A. Bad 2. B. GoodC. WorseD. better1.CD 3. D 4B 5B 考点四：1. so that such that10名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程2.拓展：“as形容词 a/an名词 as”表示同级比较,留意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置；It is generally believed that teaching is as much an a
29、rt as it is a science. 例：1. Believe it or not ,swimming is_as any to lose unwanted weight.A a way as good Bas a good way Cas a way good Das good a way 解析：考查固定短语； as.as表示 “ 和 一样 ”,固定表达方式有 案： D 副词1副词的主要分类时间副词： now, then, early, late, lately, recently地点副词： there, here,below, above“ asadj./adv.as” “ asa
30、dj.a/ann.as”等； 答频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 方式副词： well ,slowly ,hard, badly 程度副词： still, even, very, rather , much,hardly, quite 疑问副词： how ,when,where, why 11名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程连接副词： when,where,why ,whether 关系副词： when, where,why
31、 其他副词： also,not, only ,too2. 副词的语法功能 副词在句中可作状语、表语、宾语补足语和后置定语；1作状语,修饰形容词、动词、介词短语和副词,也可修饰整个句子；I can run very fast. 我跑得特别快；留意：1. 有些副词仍可以作连词,作副词经常放在句末；如：He is old.He works hard ,though. though,eversince,in case 等Though he is old ,he works hard. 虽然他年事已高,但他工作仍是很努力；2. 有些副词置于句首可修饰全句,作评注性状语；如： obviously ,nat
32、urally ,surprisingly 等Fortunately ,he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA. 幸运的是,他没被淹死,被解放军给救了；2其它 作表语,在系动词后；Class is over.下课了；Time is up. 时间到；作定语,放在被修饰词之后；Do you know the girl upstairs. 你熟识楼上的女孩吗？Soon you will be acquainted with the people around. 不久你就会熟识这邻近的人；Are you content with the life here
33、. 你对这儿的生活中意吗？Have you thought of the way out. 你有没有考虑这一出路？作补语 12名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程We were shown around by the young man Let him in/out. Ill see you off at the station.作介词宾语Its a long way from here to your school.He has lived here since then.3. 同根副词的区分有些副词
34、有两种形式,一种与形容词同形,另一种是形容词加后缀 有时含义完全不同,使用时应当留意；1high 和 highly high 的意思是 “ 高”,表示空间高度；highly 的意思是 “ 高度地；特别地”,表示程度；The bird is flying high up in the sky. 鸟在空中高高地飞；We spoke highly of her. 我们高度颂扬了她；2wide 和 widelywide 表示空间宽度,意为“ 充分地；大大地”, widely 表示范畴,意为“广泛地 ”；She opened the door _. 她把门完全打开；English is_ used. 英
35、语广泛地被应用；3deep 和 deeply deep 的意思是 “ 深” ,表示空间深度,deeply 经常表示感情,意为“ 深深地 ” ；-ly 构成,这两种副词有时意义相近,但He went on studying deep into the night. 他连续学习直到深夜；This touched her heart_. 这深深打动了她的心；4close 和 closely13名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程close 的意思是 “靠近 ” ；closely 的意思就是 “认真地；亲密地”
36、 ；They live_to the museum. 他们住在靠近博物馆的地方；We are _ watching the developments. 我们正亲密凝视情形的进展；5 direct 和 directly direct 作副词用往往用于表示时间、路程和方式等概念中,表示“直接地；直达地”；directly 多用于借喻,表示“ 坦率地；截然 ”,有时仍可用来表示“立刻,立刻 ”的意思；The plane goes _from London to Houston without stopping.飞机由伦敦直达休斯敦,中途不停；His view is _ opposed to mine
37、. 他的观点与我的截然相反；6late 和 lately late 的意思是 “晚 ”,lately 意思是 “最近 ” ；Many people sleep _ on Sunday morning. 很多人在星期天早晨睡懒觉；What have you been doing_. 最近你在干什么？7near 和 nearly near 的意思是 “ 在邻近 ” ,nearly 的意思是“几乎 ” ；My aunt lives quite _. 我姑姑住得相当近；The boy _ fell into the river. 那男孩险些跌人河中；8free 和 freely free 是 “免费
38、” ；freely 是“ 自由地,随便地” ；You can eat free in my restaurant. 你可以在我的餐馆免费用餐；You may speak freely.你可以直言；14名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程9hard 和 hardly hard 是“努力地 ”,hardly 是“几乎不 ”；I have been working hard all morning. 我辛辛苦苦地干了一上午活；We can hardly believe it. 我们简直不能信任；10 most
39、 和 mostly most 是“ 最,特别 ” ,mostly 是“主要地 ”；What interested her most was the longitude line. 最让她感爱好的是经度线；11 firm 和 firmly二者意思基本相同,都表示“ 坚决地,坚固地”的意思；依据用法习惯,firm 常与 hold 和 stand 等搭配,其他情形多用firmly ；She holds firm to her principles. 她坚持自己的原就；The concept of “customers first” should be firmly rooted in the min
40、d of every shop assistant.“顾客第一 ” 的概念应牢牢地树立在每个营业员的心中；The audience consisted mostly of women. 观众主要是妇女；12 dead 和 deadly dead 作副词时表 “完全地；肯定地” ；deadly 一般作形容词用,意为“ 致命的 ” ,作副词表 “ 死一般地；极度地” ；The man lay on the ground, dead drunk. 那个人躺在地上,喝得烂醉；His face was deadly pale.他的脸死一般地惨白；I need it deadly.我好需要它！15名师归纳
41、总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语课程练习：改错1.her English is a little hardly to understand 2.I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face. 3.They had to dig deeply to find water.4.This morning I got up very lately.5.I know the government think high of his invention.例题：1.
42、 【2022 辽宁卷】 22. We used to see each other , but I havent head from him since last year. A. especially B. regularly C. particularly D. approximately 【考点】副词词义辨析【答案】 B 2.【2022 四川卷】 7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests. A. only D B. also C. even D. still 【答案】【考点】此题考查副词用法3. 【2022 浙江卷】 Do you think shopping online will _ take the place of shopping in stores. A. especially B. frequently C. merely D. finally 【答案】 D 4. 【 2022 浙江卷】 Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isnt it rath