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1、2022届新高考英语二轮复习七选五专项训练151 .阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Mold（霉菌）is unpleasant because of how it looks and smells. Some people have the habit of removing mold from food in order to consume the unaffected rest.Removing the moldy parts doesnt guarantee that the toxins（毒素）present in the pro
2、duct will be removed completely. Therefore, they can cause illness or food poisoning. Only hard and dry food scan be consumed once the moldy part has been removed. Therefore, you should completely throwaway soft and moist foods in this situation.We can*t afford to ignore the presence of molds on the
3、 surface and inside products. However its okay to eat cured meat products, firm fruits, and vegetables.Many of these have to do with the consumption of raw foods that haven*t undergone the appropriate processes. For example, eat some fruits without washing them thoroughly. Some chemicals are often a
4、dded to them while they are being grown or processed. Besides, consuming raw or undercooked white fish, without prior freezing, also increases the risk of contamination（污染）with anisakis.（4） Experts usually recommend unfreezing products in the refrigerator. This prevents temperatures that are favorab
5、le for bacterial growth.In addition, you must take care when handling raw foods and cooked foods to avoid cross-contamination. Cross-contamination can occur through indirect spread of microorganisms by equipment, food handlers, cook facilities or surfaces. （5） Microorganisms could pass from one to t
6、he other and certain microorganisms cause most types of food poisoning, After entering the body, these living things release poisons that make people sick.A. These problems exist everywhere.B. There are other dangerous situations C. You should never use the same tools.D. Food unfreezing processes ar
7、e a critical point.E. Therefore, many think it can be a common problem.F. However, many are unaware this could lead to illness.G. You should never eat bread that have developed mold.2.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。People take up volunteering for different reasons.Whatever the reason, onc
8、e you have decided that you would like to give some of your time to help others, you need to make some decisions. Choose a charity or organizationFirstly, what sort of organization do you want to help?-perhaps you have been affected by some of the issues that a charity aims to support, like children
9、 who need help. Many local schools depend on volunteers who come in regularly to read with the children or help with their math.Once you have decided where you want to volunteer, you then have to decide what sort of volunteer work you want to do. Think about your existing skills: Do you prefer hands
10、-on work? Are you good with people? Do you have a background in administrative （彳亍政）work? Charities need volunteers to work in shops, organize or manage fundraising（筹款）events, or, in the case of animal charities, walk dogs. Find a positionMost charities have a website with a section aimed at attract
11、ing potential volunteers and they advertise specific roles available. But smaller charities might not have funds （资金）to do this., You will be welcomed with open arms! Apply for suitable positionsBe prepared with information about your previous （or current） employment and the sort of skills you have,
12、 so that the charity can match you to the most suitable role. You might think that you have no such skills. Don*t let your lack of confidence stop you.A. You might have a particular charity in mind.B. Consider how much time you want to put.C. Without them, they simply wouldnt carry out their work.D.
13、 Ask your friends and loved ones what they think you have to offer.E. Some want to give something backn while others want to meet new people or learn new skills.F. Decide on the kind of work.G. In this case, you would usually need to phone or visit their offices to find out how you can help.3.根据短文内容
14、，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy.You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to
15、or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now.Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tende
16、ncy to be passive. Most of the time shy people can*t stand up for themselves and what they believe is right.This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good obse
17、rvers and do not get themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act.They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly
18、and have proven to be loyal and thoughtful friends.Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genet
19、ic.B. They are sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious.C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang.D. So if youYe feeling shy, dont worry because you are not alone.E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.F. Although shyness is something from b
20、irth, it can be improved over time.G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.答案以及解析1 .答案：fgbdc解析：（1）F 推理判断题。根据上文Some people have the habit of removing mold from food in order to consume the unaffected rest.（有些人有从食物中去除霉菌的习惯,以食用未受影 响的休息。）“和 卜文Removing the moldy p
21、arts doesnt guarantee that the toxins present in the product will be removed completely. Therefore, they can cause illness or food poisoning.（去除发莓的部分并不能保证产品中的毒素将被完全去除。因此,它们会弓起疾 病或食物中毒。）可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明去除霉菌也可能会导致疾病。F项 However, many are unaware this could lead to illness.（然而，许多人没有意识到这可能导致 疾病）符合语境。故选F
22、。（2）G 推理判断题。根据上文Only hard and dry food scan be consumed once the moldy part has been removed. Therefore, you should completely throwaway soft and moist foods in this situation.（除去发霉的部分后，只有硬质和干燥的食物才能食用。因此，在这种情况下你应 该完全扔掉柔软和潮湿的食物。）”可知，软的食物发霉后不能使用。G项:You should never eat bread that have developed mod.（你
23、不应该吃已经发霉的面包。）符合语境。故选G。（3）B段落大意题。空处为段落主题句。根据下文Many of these have to do with the consumption of raw foods that havent undergone the appropriate processes.（其中许多者K与未 经过适当加工的生食品有关。）可知，本段主要讲述一些其他的危险的情况。B项中other dangerous situations”和下文的these”对应。B 项:There are other dangerous situations（还有 其他危险的情况。）符合语境。故选B
24、。（4）D.推理判断题。根据下文Experts usually recommend unfreezing products in the refrigerator., his prevents temperatures that are favorable for bacterial growth.专家彳|通常会 推荐冰箱里的解冻产品。这就阻止了有利于细菌生长的温度。）可知，空处主要说明要注 意解冻的温度。D项:Food unfreezing processes are a critical point.（食品解冻过程是一个临 界点。）符合语境。故选D。（5）C 推理判断题。根据上文 Cros
25、s-contamination can occur through indirect spread of microorganisms by equipment, food handlers, cook facilities or surfaces.（交叉1亏染可通过设 备、食品操作者、烹饪设施或表面的微生物间接传播发生。）”可知，空处说明避免使用相 同的工处理食物。C项:You should never use the same tools.（你不应该使用相同的工具。） 符合语境。故选C。2 .答案：EAFGD解析： 根据前文People take up volunteering for d
26、ifferent reasons （人们从事志愿工作 有不同的原因）”可知，设空处是对不同原因的列举。由止匕可知，E. Some want to11 give something back while others want to meet new people or learn new skills 些人想要“回报 而另一些人想认识新朋友或学习新技能符合语境。故选E。根据本段的中心句Choose a charity or organization （选择一个慈善机构或组织”及后 文“perhaps you have been affected by some of the issues th
27、at a charity aims to support, like children who need help （也许你受到了一些慈善机构旨在帮助的问题的影响，比如需要 帮助的儿童）可知，设空处在讲对于慈善机构的选择。由此可知，A. You might have a particular charity in mind你心里可能有一个特别的慈善机构符合语境。选项A中 have a particular charity in mind与标题中的 Choose a charity 相呼应。故选 A。设空处需填入段落小标题，根据本段中Once you have decided where you
28、 want to volunteer., you then have to decide what sort of volunteer work you want to do （一旦你决 定了你想在哪里做志愿者，你就必须决定你想做什么样的志愿者工作）以及后文列举出 的一些技能及工作可知，本段小标题是决定自己的工作类型。由此可知，F Decide on the kind of work决定工作类型合语境。选项F中的work与后文一致。故选F。根据前文 But smaller charities might not have funds （资金）to do this 但规模较小的慈 善机构可能没有
29、资金这样做）”可知，指小规模的慈善机构没有经济实力设立自己的网 站或进行宣传，因而需要打电话或亲自到他们的办公点了解情况。由此可知，G. In this case, you would usually need to phone or visit their offices to find out how you can help （在 这种情况下，你通常需要打电话或拜访他们的办公室，看看你能提供什么帮助符合语境。 故选G。根据前文You might think that you have no such skills. Dont let your lack of confidence sto
30、p you （你可能觉得自己没有这样的技能。不要让你的不自信阻止自己）及常识可知， 当我们对自己不自信时，可以向朋友或家人寻求帮助，发现自己能做的事情。由此可知, D. Ask your friends and loved ones what they think you have to offer （问你的朋友和所爱的 人他们认为你能提供什么符合语境。故选D。3 .答案：DAGEF解析：逻辑关系题。第一段是全文的开篇，前三句Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been
31、shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy.（害羞是正常的,它不被认为是一种精神问题。 所有的人都曾有过害羞的时候。即使是最自信的人也会感到害羞）“讲到害羞是正常现象, 所有人，包括最自信的人,都曾害羞过,D项So if youYe feeling shy, donft worry because you are not alone.（所以，如果你感到害羞，不要担心,因为你不是一个人）”是本段的结论,正因为 人人都会害羞，所以不用担心，与上文构成因果关系。故选D项。逻辑关系题。
32、上文 It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now.（这可能是因为你所习惯的环境或者你被抚养长大的方式。过去的某些事情 或事件也可能是导致你现在害羞的原因）“讲感到害羞可能与成长环境和特定事件等外部 因素有关,而下文“Most shy people have shy parents and rel
33、atives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.（大多数害羞的人都有害羞的父母和亲戚，所 以不难发现他们也成了害羞的人）讲害羞可能来自父母亲戚的遗传、基因,是内部因素, 上下文之间有转折对比关系,A项”But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.（但在大 多数情况下，害羞是遗传的）”起到承上启下的作用。故选A项。细节理解题。根据下文This apparently influences their social life as w
34、ell as work, family and other aspects of their life.（这显然影响了他们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他 方面）中指示代词this可知，上文中应出现其指代内容，而且该内容会影响到人们的社会 生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面,G If They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.（他们天生避开人群远离群体和社会交往）”中所描述害 羞的人会避开人群，远离群体和社会交往这一行为，会对人们的方方面面造成极大的影响, 正是下文代词this
35、指代的对象，与下文构成逻辑上的顺承关系。故选G项。逻辑关系题。根 E 据段首中心句While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides.（虽然害羞有消极的方面，但它也有积极的方面）”可知，本段主要介绍害羞的积极意 义,E 项They are not hot headed and think twice before making any decisions（他们不会头脑 发热,在做任何决定之前都会再三考虑）”讲害羞的人做事情会深思熟虑，这是对中心句中 ,1positive sides”的举例说明，同时，与其上文和下文构成并列关系，都
36、是对中心句的举例说 明。故选E项。细节理解题。根据下文Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.（一些人出生时父母就很害羞,但他们成功地 战胜了害羞。这有助于他们不断自我完善，发展自尊，尝试接触新环境）”可知，本段主要讲 了 害羞是可以战胜的,F 项 Although shyness is something from birth it can be improved over time.（虽然害羞是与生俱来的，但它可以随着时间的推移而改善）“讲害羞可以改善,作为段 首中心句，是对全段内容的准确概括，且句中It can be improved”与下文their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem”相照应。 故选 F 项。