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1、2022年吉林工程职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils
2、 with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy me
3、tals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第2题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself e
4、very day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the
5、 same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?第19题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for
6、 richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人
7、们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第20题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第21题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer inp
8、eople who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from10 other people/s cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who
9、live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第2
10、2题【单项选择题】2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have eno
11、ugh. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage,11sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating
12、 it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的removethe salt take salt outo第24题【单项选择题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。 A以而告终；B
13、到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we a
14、re also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities
15、 best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology book12B、Learning a poem and then taking a napC Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高
16、度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第26题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have
17、 to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however; children are educated by th
18、eir parents.C、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第27题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ens
19、ure13C、 insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第28题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。
20、【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第29题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第30题【单项选择题】14【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more deve
21、loped a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and p
22、unishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for impo
23、sing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled throug
24、h institutions of law 是此题的答案。第31题【单项选择题】The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】题目意思：中央剧院能容纳3000多人就座。此题是词义选择题。A（实际）能力，才能，性能；B能力，容量，容积capacity后常接of doing sth.；C能力，技能，才智ability后常接to do sth.； D能力，才干，方便，设施较 正式用法，后常接in, with.15第32
25、题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce
26、crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious
27、 diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第33题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词
28、义辨析。13详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第34题【单项选择题】16【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies
29、the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The societ
30、y assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to
31、free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law 是此题的答案。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep
32、 your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。17第36题【单项选择题】The new discovery be of gr
33、eat service to mankind.A、is bound toB、is bound forC、be bound toD、be bound for【正确答案】A【答案解析】be bound to：注定要，一定会。此题中主语是The new discovery, 所以谓语动词要用iso句意：这项新发现对于人类必定大有用处。第37题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasi
34、onD scolding【正确答案】c第38题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently d
35、esirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to.A、keep fitB、have a body shape that all people will admire18C、prolong life spanD get ride of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了到达当前流行的体型(reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shap
36、e)而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第39题【单项选择题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第40题【单项选择题】Because of the bad weather; the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、t
37、aken offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：由于天气不好，运动会不得不取消了。此题是短语意义 区分题。A关闭，停业B废除，终止(与with连用)C离开，起飞D取消第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical 19A、 Our biological clock resets itself aut
38、omatically.B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.C、 Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正确答案】c【答案解析】是非判断题，根据第五自然段首句But just like （和.一样）your alarm clock, your internal clock can be r
39、eset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词 it 指代 biological clock,不是选项internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为C。A D 我们的生物钟自动调节。B光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第3题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、
40、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第4题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC oneD、which【正确答案】A construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhyt
41、hm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to
42、 rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD responsible【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to r
43、estrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大, 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响, 更可能受到抑制。第42题【单项选择题】【概括大意】 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerne
44、d with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、The Theme of Science FictionD、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确
45、答案】B20【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo第43题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第44题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data s
46、hould be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第45题【单项选择题】填句补文“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of
47、 Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.21B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C “I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain
48、which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第46题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come in