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1、2022年南昌职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitat
2、ional pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter beca
3、useA、 it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feel.packet of butter,找到原文中A packet of butter ha
4、s a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是 B。 C 项错在 disappearo第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the ear
5、th/s surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the formD、of conducti
6、ng electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第20题【单项选择题】填句补文】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his pers
7、onal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to
8、get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔10从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除
9、了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是第22题【单项选择题】Water is composed hydrogen and oxygen.A、ofB、withC、forD、 about【正确答案】A【答案解析】be composed of：由组成。句意:水是由氢与氧化合而成的。第23题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸
10、法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、True11B、Fal
11、seC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第25题【单项选择题】2007.04）It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A,开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。第26题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB
12、、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第27题【单项选择题】12【阅读判断】You think that the biggest threat to your health when taking a shower comes from slipping on a bar of soap? Well, guess again.Q: This paragraph is a question to whic
13、h the author hopes to have a positive answer from the reader.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。这段话的意思是：你认为淋浴的时候对健康最大的威胁 是踩在一块肥皂上而滑倒?好的，再猜一猜。这里的“再猜一猜”可以得知作者希 望的不是个positive answer, 而是个 negative answer。第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required
14、course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics., That is at least as important as how much we know.A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.B、 He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder; as if hoping to fin
15、d someone more interesting in another part of the room.C、 Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.D、 In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的
16、开展特点，因此判断D正确。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April13 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo题中说2007年
17、4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电, 与文中表达的内容不符。文中说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡局部地区，电力 中断，几千名居民无电可用。the whole England 与 parts of southeast England 是 不符的，所以选B。第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature
18、 and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B We are all familiar with t
19、he improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第31题【单项选择题】
20、14Nobody but you what he said.A、agrees withB、agrees outC、agree withD、agree to【正确答案】A【答案解析】主语为nobody时，谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but, as well as, with 等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。该题易误选C、D,选D的原因在于 词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体工程。而选择C就在于误把you作为 主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is mad
21、e up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured
22、area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第33题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of
23、intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of15 unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if
24、not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impact on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD
25、、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响（bound to have some effect on our school system.）,选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第34题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time
26、： Z/How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollutio
27、n from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions16 make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not
28、just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the in
29、dustrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第36题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each
30、day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no diff ere nee.You are advised to read something before youA、find the topic sentencesB、find out the new wordsC、keep reading fastD、go to bed every day【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的医生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分钟读点 东西，那已经成为习惯。所以此题说“在你干什么之前，建议你读点东西，从选 项中看只有D项合适。第37题
31、【单项选择题】17【阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjus
32、t body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author
33、 cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或
34、段落首句），论据在后。第38题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第39题【单项选择题】2009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before185 p.m. today.A、would be
35、B、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engine
36、er from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,HB、 Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、 Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankto
37、n bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第41题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、As19 of icebergs （冰山）and g
38、laciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.C、 Exactly 3 per cent.D、Less than 3 percent.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第3题【单项选择题】【阅读选
39、择】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics farm started in a local village. This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can start their very own self sustaining farm. Hydroponics is a
40、type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farm*A、is difficult to buildB、is a type of farm without soilC、will cost lots of moneyD、was started in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本 段。再通过排除法可以判定B项
41、是正确的。因为A和C表述的内容文章并没有 提到过。D项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponics farmo是他们到了之后，帮助建立了一个模型。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law.B、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第42题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about th
42、e world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第43题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他
43、保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的20第44题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change a
44、cross the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large
45、 amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather da
46、ta and send it in.In ZZAII thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第45题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made th
47、e technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smaller21C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer a
48、nd cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第46题【单项选择题】【概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is Letting them experience