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1、2022年上海交通大学医学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】But Ellen really became famous in 2001. Aged only 24, she was one of only two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race（单人环 球帆船比赛）, which lasts 100 days. Despite many problems, she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and s
2、he was given a very warm welcome when she returned.In the Vendee Globe race, Ellen won.A、a gold medalB、The Best Woman Sailor,/ awardC、The “Young Sailor of the Year awardD、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】细节查找题答案特点：答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键词。第2题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great disc
3、omforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第21题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home.
4、Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: . For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is o
5、ut watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Inter
6、estingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第22题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held u
7、p for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。10第23题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, the
8、yre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional sc
9、ientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to
10、 become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In All thats needed to become one. （paragraph 2） ”, what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第24题
11、【单项选择题】【填句补文】The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Many of the islands were formed by the eruption （爆发）of ancient volcanoes （火山）.Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean.A、 They are famous for their warm,
12、 tropical climate and great natural beauty.B、What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands?C、Theyre like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America.11D、 But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句话说的是：加勒比群岛形成了一个锁链，把加勒比海与大西 洋的其他局部分开
13、。答案是C,因为它的第一个词是They，该词指叮he Caribbean Islands；而且在语义上也有很好的衔接。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion （拥 挤）,gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.Q: Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.A、True
14、B、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。问题句说“爱尔兰的生活费用高。该段说“尽管气候恶劣， 健康机构混乱，交通拥挤，性别歧视仍然存在，生活费用高，爱尔兰所获得的分 数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象：总分值为十分，爱尔兰获得了 8.33分。根据这个 句子的内容可以知道“爱尔兰的生活费用高，因此问题句的说法与原文的说法一 致。第26题【单项选择题】As one of the worlds highest paid models, she had her face for fivemillion dollars.A、depositedB、 assuredC、measure
15、dD、insured【正确答案】D【答案解析】作为世界上收入最高的模特之一，她为自己的脸投保五百万美元。12Insure表示“给什么上保险，assure sb. of sth., assure sb. that是常用搭配，表示“保 证，确保；ensure sth., ensure that意思和assure 一样，但用法不同。第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in so
16、me way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different abil
17、ity groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can t
18、ell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主
19、语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is
20、 an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the lAOOs.Which country is the largest coffee13 producer?A、Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与growe
21、r意思等同。第29题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、 confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As pe
22、ople get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good job
23、s has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.14【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数”与前句内容正好呼应。第31题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, leg
24、al action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第32题【单项选择题】2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：
25、what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第33题【单项选择题】【I阅读芈U断】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q
26、: The15people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该题目说的是：Kiribati的人民担忧他们的国家将被突发 的洪水淹没。该题源于第一句：Kiribati的国民担忧在近期的某一天，他们的国 家将会地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第34题【单项选择题】he has enough money to buy the house, it doesn
27、t mean he/s going to do so.A、GrantB、Granted thatC Having Granted thatD、Grant that【正确答案】B【答案解析】Granted that：尽管，即使。第35题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be mome
28、nts when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blam
29、e your parents for it16C、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔 细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第36题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd bett
30、er leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第37题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of
31、 cricket （板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao此题对应的语句为:the one most nearly like it is the English17game of cricket,因此是正确的。第38题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structur
32、e, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptatio
33、ns are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the abili
34、ty.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第39题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、
35、possibleB likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交18通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的;D不可能的 应用举例：“I do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚至ll一会 儿。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Marian, the girl who wrote the original
36、story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battl
37、es, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这
38、本书的作者。 而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第41题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is justA、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析:19第3题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the v
39、iew that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and
40、intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确
41、答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第4题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开
42、始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第42题【单项选择题】2009.10 Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself.A、understandB、understoodC、understandingD、to understand【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考
43、查语法。那个时候虽然他说英语说得不好，但仍然可以让别 人听懂。非谓语动词的选用。过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动以及动作的完成。第43题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A get toB get withC get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A.开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。第44题【单项选择题】2008.10 Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air and n
44、oiselessenvironment.A、in that20B、as thatC as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第45题【单项选择题】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet ha
45、d to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shutdown：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第46题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural im
46、pulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to
47、 their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human21 violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive
48、 behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of