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1、2022年上海政法学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行类的）species an
2、d 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than els
3、ewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。第2题【单项选择题】No sooner had they got off the train it started moving.A、whenB、 thanC、 thenD、after【正确答案】B答案解析】句首是No sooner,与它搭配的是than, no soone
4、r.than.：一就。与这个搭配类似的是hardly.when/before.o【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上,赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第20题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes
5、. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cy
6、cle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。木段开头说，“虽然你无法
7、改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。最后两句又说，.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。因此选项C是正确答案。第21题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB
8、、set back10C、set asideD、set up【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it di
9、fficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第23题【单项选择题】2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、
10、aliveB、lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。11第24题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpre
11、dictability（不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性别歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females/ names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC sex equalityD、 its connecti
12、on with humans【正确答案】C【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第25题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB has been our countryC、our country has beenD、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该
13、句子应采用局部倒装。第26题【单项选择题】He shook hands with the visitors as to convey his apology.A、by such a way12B、for the wayC、in such a wayD、on the way【正确答案】C【答案解析】in such a way表示“以这样的一种方式”。第27题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more child
14、ren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case
15、 in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. A代er World War, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had d
16、ropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 A。对照本段 In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答 案是Ao
17、第28题【单项选择题】2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.13A、aliveB lifeC、liveD lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第29题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查
18、形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的 B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、 时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第30题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness any
19、more, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blame your parents for it14C、stick to your dec
20、ision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on.可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔 细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第31题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligenc
21、e are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys
22、eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impact on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Effect of En
23、vironment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响(bound to have some effect on our school system.),选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第32题【单项选择题】【2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、with15B、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】那个提案与手头上的问题根本无关。【试题分析】此题
24、考查 介词的固定搭配。【详细解答】irrelevant to表示：与无关。第33题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain.
25、 Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、Heavy Metals and Food ChainD、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正确答案】B
26、【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳 定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容 是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第34题【单项选择题】【2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up with put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B16【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch
27、up with：追上,赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到,赞同。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that grad
28、uation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret fille
29、d his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differen
30、tly from children in school:. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊），and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask question
31、s about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not17 believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children
32、 quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B（答案解析此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第37题【单项选择题】【2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、
33、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to表示:与无关。第38题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是18第39题【单项选择题】Each of us
34、should aside a few minutes to have a rest every day.A、 push B provide C、 turnD、set【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。set aside：留出，拨出。是固定搭配。第40题【单项选择题】完成句子Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. I
35、ts Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. In
36、telligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the
37、 future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligent taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】C【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是“人们曾经一度相信
38、，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。19第3题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is n
39、ot the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seab
40、ed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第4题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five stages.A、moderateB、initialC、distinctD、 advanced【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第5题【单项选择题】第41题【
41、单项选择题】Long life is altering our society, of course, but in experiential.A、itemsB、termsC、 turnsD、themes【正确答案】B（答案解析】in experiential terms意为从经验上来说第42题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100
42、?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueFalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第43题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sal
43、lie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.20C、Adding iron to
44、patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must e
45、at, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of
46、concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studyin
47、g a psychology bookB Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of
48、concentration)。根据这4、信，息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。21第45题【单项选择题】【阅读选择 J It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its