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1、2022年太原理工大学现代科技学院自考英 语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第2题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their struct
2、ure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptat
3、ions are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the abi
4、lity.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD to change the color of its skinnow which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well
5、in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impa
6、ct on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择C。第21题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、 motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C. 评估、评价；D
7、.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择 JWhen I graduated from high school, my family had a business so I never thought about getting a college degree. I went straight from my high school10 graduation to work for my father. After 24 years of ups and downs (mostly downs), I decided
8、that I wanted to return to school and earn a degree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on with education after graduating from high school?A、 To help her father with business.B、 To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D、To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节
9、题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细 节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部 分。文中讲到当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续 获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作。可判断A选项与原文句意 一致。第23题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first
10、 day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD football game【正
11、确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可 迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。11第24题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意:如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第25题【单
12、项选择题】he has enough money to buy the house, it doesnt mean hes going to do so.A、GrantB、Granted thatC、Having Granted thatD、Grant that【正确答案】B【答案解析】Granted that：尽管,即使。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did
13、 you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given12【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区几但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第27题【单项选择题】【2008.10 1Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air
14、and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Many years passed and the young man wa
15、s very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his fathe
16、r had passed away, and w川ed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、disappointed13C、horribleD nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。
17、事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第29题【单项选择题】2009,10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第30题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind
18、: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第31题【单项选择题】【2008.101Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiseless environment.14A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此
19、题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第32题【单项选择题】Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agencies in the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD set up【正确答案】
20、A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的词组。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第33题【单项选择题】【概括大意 J The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Bo
21、tanical Gardens, is zzLetting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraph is.15A、 Di
22、fferent Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第34题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensu
23、reC、insureD secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第35题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： zzHow did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenaria
24、ns live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社16 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第36题【单项选择题】【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift you
25、r spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to Londo
26、n and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So dont give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student
27、 to travel in Europe during the summer.B、 The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是
28、很容易的。因此选择A。第37题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A17【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的 B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第38题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 mil
29、es per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A.开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下
30、来。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and 18exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythm
31、ical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustra
32、tes intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑
33、子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration) o 根据这个信息,A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第41题【单项选择题】(填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on s
34、ale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【
35、正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的19【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第3题【单项选择题】阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control,
36、 and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility f
37、or revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is.A、to control viole
38、nce within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law是此题的答案。第4题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A、go
39、toB、got toC、went toD、get to 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第42题【单项选择题】阅读选择】 Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream an
40、d baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice
41、cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。 而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第43题【单项选择题】2008.04 The farming methods have been improved with the invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientl
42、yB、proficientlyC、professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句子翻译为：由于新机器的创造，人们已20经高效率地改进了农业耕种方法。A高效率地B熟练地 C职业地、专职地D故意地、有意地。第44题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to 表示： 与无关。第4
43、5题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第46题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly
44、does/ replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way/ I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely 21different. Its Crystal Ear!lnitially the writer did
45、not want to buy a hearing aid because.A、it would make him look old.B、it would make him nervous.C、 it was too expensive.D、 it was old-styled.【正确答案】A【答案解析】当被妻子问及是否愿意得到一个助听器时，作者因为担忧显得老气 而拒绝。所以答案是A。第47题【单项选择题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Alber
46、t Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge dens
47、ity, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第48题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】 Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and pro
48、duction of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to22 maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so