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1、中学生英语写作训练策略 写的技能在外语教学中有重要意义，是外语教学所要达到的目的之一，同时又是重要的教学手段。随着新教材的推广运用以及高考命题的改革，书面表达已在试题中占有相当比重。写作是英语学问学习的须要，更是交际的须要。目前，中学外语写作基本处于correct writing(正确写作)阶段。严格地讲，correct writing还不属于real writing(真实写作)。真实写作必需是effective writing(有效写作)。它要求作者利用各种修辞、造句和谋篇手段有效地表达见闻，情感和思想。而correct writing只需运用正确的语言表达限定的写作内容，如看图作文、提示作
2、文或补充原文等。这种写作不须要作者构思及组织文章，只要文章的单词拼法无误、语法正确、语言通顺、表面内容完整，基本上就可以达到要求。Correct writing的目的是学习运用书面语言，它为下一步effective writing奠定了坚实的基础，是迈向真实写作的重要一步。鉴于外语教学的发展趋势，correct writing将不能满意中学外语教学的须要，篇章写作将会成为一个新的、更重要的目标。中学生英语写的实力总的发展训练过程应依次为：字母书写训练、单词拼法训练、句子结构训练、写段与作文训练。相应的详细练习方法由controlled writing到guided writing及free w
3、riting。1.controlled writing老师在这一阶段设计的练习不宜过难。通常以combining和substitution的形式出现。例如：Task1:Rewrite the sede scription susing"and","as well as"and"with"a.He has grey hair.He has long beard.b.She is as limblond woman.She has blue eyes.c.She has an round face.She has wavy hair.Sh
4、e has brown eyes.She has a healthy body.Task2:Reordering words:Write the sentences correctly.We/sixoclock/and/tea/drink/getup/atSometimes/medicines/injection/them/we/or/give老师可以告知学生上面的句子描述了一个护士每天早上起床后要做的事情，做完练习后依据自己的实际状况写几个句子。Task3:老师可依据课文内容设计写作练习。例如学习了Albert Einstein一文后，可以让学生把有关爱因斯坦的生平列出如下,然后老师让学生用
5、relative clauses连句成段.a.Einstein was a great physicist.b.He was born in Germany in 1879c.He develope danimport anttheory.d.It is called the theory of relativity.e.He went to live in the USA in 1935 to escape the Nazis.f.He continued his work in the USA.g.The Nazis took power in Germany.h.He died ther
6、e in 1955.A.2.guided writingguided writing起到了controlled writing与free writing的桥梁作用。因此，它通常出现在prewriting与controlled writing之后。在guided writingactivities中，我们可以给学生一个model作为参考，也可以给一个outline让学生补充，还可以给一个partly-writtenversion.。在让学生明确了如何将其完成以后，将这个语篇完成。在这个阶段，学生的自由度比在controlledactivities中有所增大，为下一步进入free writing作
7、好打算。Task1:老师引导学生分组探讨把AbrahamLincoln课文分成几大部分,分析出每部分的中心思想：Part1:his childhood,family background and educationPart2:His careerPart3:His major achievements as a presidentPart4:Reason for fame老师可由此帮助学生总结出人物传记的内容一般包括诞生时间、地点、家庭背景、受教化状况、本人性格、主要经验、成名缘由等，并让学生以此为范文，写他们熟识的为人。老师也可以用下面outline帮助学生整理思路Task2:Name:_B
8、orn:(where)_(when)_Background:_Family life:_Whatdidshe/hedo?_Died:(where)_(when)_Whyisshe/hefamous?_Task3:JopleyisasmalltowninthenotheofEngland.ItisontheRiverOuse,notfarfromLeeds.Thetownhasawidemainstreet,withastonechurch,thetownhallandacinema.Thereisalargesupermarketinthetowncenter,andmanysmallersh
9、opsandcafes.MostpeopleinJopleyworkinthelocalfactory,whichproducesfarmmachinery.(1)Writeasimilarparagraphaboutyourhometown.Usethesenotes:smallvillage-southcoast/Narrowstreet-two shops-play groundMost people-Farmers/Growvegetables,wheat,flowersTask4:Imagine you are on holiday.Answer the questions belo
10、w in note form.Where are you?_How long have you been on holiday?_Who are you with?_Are you having a goodt ime?_What is the weathe rlike?_Which sights have you visited?_Have you done any activities/sports?_When are you going backhome?_接下来老师可以布置这样一个练习：Use the not es you have made and write a letter to a friend or family describing your holiday.这样练习给了学生更大的自由度。