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1、1UnitUnit 4 4 BodyBody languagelanguage(建议用时：40 分钟).阅读理解A A(2020昆明高三诊断)Whore happier,men or women?Research shows its acomplex question and that asking whether males or females are happier isnt reallythat helpful,because basically,happiness is different for women and men.Womens happiness has been dec
2、lining for the past 30 years,according to recentstatistics.And research shows that women are twice as likely to experiencedepression compared with men.Gender(性别)differences in depression are wellconfirmed and studies have found that biological,psychological and social factorscontribute to the differ
3、ence.Early studies on gender and happiness found men and women were socialized toexpress different feelings.Women are more likely to express happiness,warmth andfear,which help with social bonding and appear more consistent with the traditionalrole as a primary caregiver,while men display more anger
4、,pride and disrespect,which are more consistent with a protector and provider role.Recent research suggests that these differences are not just socially,but alsogenetically related.Studies have looked into these findings further and discoveredthat females use more areas of the brain containing mirro
5、r neurons(镜像神经元)thanmales when they process feelings.Mirror neurons allow us to experience the worldfrom other peoples view,to understand their actions and intentions.This mayexplain why women can experience deeper sadness.Women tend to experience morenegative feelings,such as more guilt,shame and t
6、o a lesser degree,embarrassment.Psychologically it seems men and women differ in the way they process and expressfeelings.With the exception of anger,women experience feelings more strongly andshare their feelings more openly with others.Studies have found in particular thatwomen express more apprec
7、iationwhich has been linked to greater happiness.Thissupports the theory that womens happiness is more dependent on relationships thanmens.【解题导语】本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。1Which feeling are men more likely to show compared with women?2AWarmth.BDepression.CHappiness.DDisrespect.D D解析：细节理解题。根据第三
8、段最后一句中的“while men display more anger,pride and disrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选 D。2What factors cause women to share feelings more openly?APsychological factors.BBiological factors.CEducational factors.DSocial factors.A A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。3One
9、can probably read the text from _Aa science fictionBa culture brochureCa nursery guideDa health magazineD D解析：文章出处题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选 D项。4What is the text mainly about?AMen and women differ in biology and psychology.BMen and women experience happiness
10、differently.CSocial roles have a great effect on men and women.DWomens happiness has declined in the past years.B B解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故 B 项最符合文意。B B(2020贵阳监测)You try to keep your eyes wide open whilewatching a basketball match or a wonderful firework show in caseyou migh
11、t miss something exciting in just the blink of an eye.But in fact,humans blink about 15 times per minute on average.Have you ever missedanything because you blinked?Probably not.Why is that?According to a new study published in the journalCurrent Biologyin September,our brain has the ability to skip
12、 the temporary darkness when we blink.It can keepvisual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form animage without interruption.In order to understand how this works,a group of scientists at the German PrimateCenter and the University Medical Center Go ttingen in Germany
13、 conducted an3experiment.In the study,the participants were asked to look at patterns on a screenwhose direction could be interpreted in different ways,such as horizontally(水平地)or vertically(垂直地).When one pattern was about to disappear and the nextone was about to come,the participants had to indica
14、te the direction that the nextpattern would appear.The researchers found that when the directions of two patterns didnt match,the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated.Thissame area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction.“The medial prefron
15、tal cortex(额叶皮层)adjusts current visual informationwith previously obtained information,and thus enables us to perceive the world withmore stability,even when we briefly close our eyes to blink，”Caspar Schwiedrzikexplained inScience Daily.He is the first author of the study and also a scientistat the
16、 German Primate Center.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因。5We dont miss anything when blinking because our brain can _Adeal with the missing imageBremember all that we seeCimagine what our eyes missDput our pieces of memory togetherA A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“According to a new study published inthe jour
17、nalCurrent Biologyin September,our brain has the ability to skip thetemporary darkness when we blink.”可知，根据九月份发表在当代生物学杂志上的一项新研究，我们的大脑有能力跳过我们眨眼时形成的暂时黑暗。据此可推知，由于我们的大脑能处理丢失的图像，所以眨眼不会让我们错过任何东西，故 A 项正确。6What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?AOur brain.BVisual information.CCurrent Biolo
18、gy.DThe temporary darkness.B B解析：代词指代题。根据第二段第二句“It can keep visual information for ashort period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.”可知，大脑可以在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像，故可推知，it 指代上文中的“visual information”，故 B 项正确。7What do we know about the experiment?4AThe two pat
19、terns appear at the same time.BVisual memory can be more activated by similarity.CParticipants can interpret patterns differently.DThe different directions activated visual memory.D D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“.when the directions of two patternsdidnt match,the area in our brain which is responsible for visua
20、l memory wasactivated.This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the samedirection.”可知，当两个模式的方向不一致时，掌握视觉记忆的大脑区域被激活；当两种模式在同一个方向时，这个区域显示出较少的活动。据此可知，不同的方向能激活视觉记忆，故 D 项正确。8What would be the best title for this passage?AThe Brains StructureBThe Brains Activated PatternsCThe Brains Spec
21、ial SkillDThe Brains OrientationC C解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个科学研究。研究表明，眨眼不会错过细节并解释了其原因，即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像信息。故 C 项最适合作本文的标题。【难句分析】You try to keep your eyes wide open while watching a basketballmatch or a wonderful firework show in case you might miss something exciting in justthe blin
22、k of an eye.分析：该句为主从复合句，句中“while watching a basketball match or a wonderfulfirework show”为 while 引导的时间状语从句，其中省略了 you are;“in case you mightmiss something exciting in just the blink of an eye”为 in case 引导的条件状语从句。译文：在观看篮球比赛或精彩的烟花表演时，你努力睁大眼睛，以防转眼之间错过一些令人兴奋的事情。.完形填空(2020贵阳高三摸底)Barry White,Jr.,a fifth gr
23、ade English teacher at AshleyPark PreK8 School,has a personalized handshake as greetings with every one of hisstudents every day.“The students know that when they _1_ the school gate we do our goodmornings，and then its time to _2_，”White toldABC Newsof his enthusiastic_3_.“Im always pumped up _4_ we
24、 start doing the moves.That brings them _5_5and cheers them up for a highenergy _6_”Each handshake is different,using custom moves inspired by the studentspersonality.“I started with one simple handshake last year with one of my _7_ graders，”he explained.“The girl of fourth grade would _8_ me every
25、morning before shedgo to class.Shed get into trouble sometimes for being late because shed waiton the _9_”“This year I started _10_ handshakes with the kids during class breaks.Itwas just one or two students and then it became contagious(有感染力的)，”he _11_.“I saw how much it _12_ to them,so I said,Come
26、 on,everyone!Come on.Thenit was my _13_ class,then it was kids from other classes.Now I have third graderswanting to do it too.”His administration loves the _14_ which White brings to his students each day.“Barrys handshakes _15_ his own authentic(真实的)building relationships with_16_.When I walk into
27、 my teachers rooms,I see the _17_ of those strong andtrusting relationships.When kids know their teacher _18_ them,they are attentive,engaged and driven to be _19_.Thats the culture we are _20_，”saidprincipal(校长)Meaghan Loftus.【解题导语】每天，五年级的英语老师 White 老师都使用一种个性化的握手来问候每一位学生。这种问候方式始于与一位四年级的学生握手，之后又感染了其
28、他学生，连其他班和三年级的学生都参与进来。White 老师这种与学生构建真实的关系使学生专心学习的方式受到所在学校校长的赞赏。1A.get toBsearch forCbreak intoDknock atA A解析：根据句中的“the school gate”可知，White 老师问候学生是在学生到校的时候，因此这里指学生到达大门口时。2A.leaveBtryCstopDgoD D解析：根据上文中的“we do our good mornings”可知，师生问候之后，学生就该离开去教室了。故选 D。3A.greetingsBhelpingsCservingsDtreatingA A解析：根据
29、下文中的“we start doing the moves.That brings them _ andcheers them up”可知，White 在讲述他问候学生的相关内容。helping“帮助”；6serving“一份食物”。4A.orBandCbutDforB B解析：句中的“Im always pumped up”描述的是 White 的精神状态，“we startdoing the moves”是之后的行动，这里是顺承关系，因此用连词 and。5A.reliefBenvyCsorrowDexcitementD D解析：根据下文中的“cheers them up”可知，和学生握手的
30、问候方式让学生们很兴奋。relief“安慰”；envy“忌妒”；sorrow“悲伤”；excitement“兴奋，激动”。6A.meetingBquarrelCclassDfoodC C解析：根据语境可知，问候是在早上上课开始之前进行的，学生们对此感到很兴奋，因此这样的方式让学生在上课期间效率很高，因此选 C。7A.thirdBfourthCfifthDsixthB B解析：根据下文中的“The girl of fourth grade”可知，White 开始握手是和一位四年级的学生。8A.nod toBsmile atCwait forDknock intoC C解析：根据本句中的“ever
31、y morning before shed go to class”可知，这个四年级的女孩每天早上等着和 White 握手后才去上课。故选 C。9A.headmasterBteacherChandshakeDadministrationC C解析：根据上文可知，这个女孩是因为等着与 White 握手才迟到的，句中的 because解释迟到的原因。10A.discussingBclassifyingCconfirmingDmakingD D解析：根据语境可知，此处表示“握手”，故应用 make，构成动词短语 makehandshakes with.“与握手”。classify“将分类”；conf
32、irm“证实”。11A.addedBshoutedCrepeatedDrespondedA A解析：上文中的第二段和第四段都有 White 接受采访时说的话，此处是他又补充说的话，因此选 A，意为“补充说”。12A.owedBtook7CmeantDlentC C解析：根据上文中的“It was just one or two students and then it becamecontagious(有感染力的)”可知，老师与学生的握手对学生很重要，故选 C 项“重要，意义重大”。13A.formerBfullCemptyDboringB B解析：根据上文中的“then it became
33、contagious(有感染力的)”和下文的“thenit was kids from other classes.Now I have third graders wanting to do it too”可知，全班的学生都想和 White 握手。14A.challengeBjusticeCchanceDenthusiasmD D解析：根据下文中的“When kids know their teacher _ them,they areattentive,engaged and driven”可知，White 的问候方式给学生们的学习带来了热情，故选 D。第二段中的“White toldAB
34、C Newsof his enthusiastic”也是提示。15A.denyBrepresentCadmitDexpectB B解析：由语境可知，此处是校长对 White 用握手来问候学生的看法，故 B 项“代表”符合语境。deny“否认”；admit“承认”；expect“期望”。16A.studentsBcolleaguesCparentsDmembersA A解析：根据上文可知，White 用握手的方式来问候学生，故选 students。17A.confidenceBpatienceCinfluenceDpressureC C解析：根据下文中的“they are attentive,e
35、ngaged”可知，此处指牢固、信任的(师生)关系所起的作用。18A.doubtsBhesitatesCintendsDcaresD D解析：根据上文中师生能建立牢固、信任的关系可知，这里应指当学生知道他们的老师关心他们时。19A.successfulBpoliteCgentleDhelpfulA A解析：根据语境可知，此处表示老师的关心是学生成功的动力。20A.analyzingBbuildingCdescribingDchanging8B B解析：根据本段中校长说的话可知，校长对 White 的做法是持赞赏态度的，因此此处应是说 White 营造的这种师生关系氛围也是学校提倡建立的文化，故
36、选 B。.短文改错(2020深圳第一次调研)I have a dream to be a doctor.Three years ago,I am badlyinjured in car accident.The ambulance rushed me to the nearest hospital,that thedoctors and nurses did their best to look after myself.Five days late,I was gettingbetter.I watched the doctors to perform their duties tirele
37、ssly but offer all theirpatients the best treatment available.My experience in that hospital greatinfluenced me.Since then,I have made it my life s ambition to fight against diseasesand save life.I know my dream will come true if I keep work hard for it.答案：I have a dream to be a doctor.Three years a
38、go,Iamwasbadly injured inacar accident.The ambulance rushed me to the nearest hospital,thatwherethe doctorsand nurses did their best to look aftermyselfme.Five dayslatelater，I was gettingbetter.I watched the doctors toperform their duties tirelesslybutandoffer alltheir patients the best treatment av
39、ailable.My experience in that hospitalgreatgreatlyinfluenced me.Since then,I have made it my lifes ambition to fightagainst diseases and savelifelives.I know my dream will come true if I keepworkworkinghard for it.am 改为 was。根据本句中的时间状语 Three years ago 可知，时态应用一般过去时。故将 am 改为 was。在 car 前加 a。此处泛指一次车祸，且 a
40、ccident 为可数名词。故在 car 前加 a。that 改为 where。分析句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 thenearest hospital，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where，故将 that改为 where。myself 改为 me。此处表示医生和护士尽最大努力照顾“我”。此处作 look after 的宾语，应用宾格，主语和宾语并非同一人，不能用反身代词。故将 myself 改为 me。late 改为 later。句意：五天后，我好多了。late 意为“晚(的)；迟(的)”，later意为“随后；之后”。根据句意可知，此处应用 lat
41、er。故将 late 改为 later。9删除 to。watch sb.do sth.为固定搭配，意为“看某人做某事”。此处指作者在医院时看到医生们不知疲倦地履行他们的职责。故删除 to。but 改为 and。句意：我看到医生们不知疲倦地履行他们的职责并为所有病人提供可行的最佳治疗(方案)。offer all their patients the best treatment available 和前面的 perform their duties tirelessly 是并列关系，而非转折关系。故将 but 改为 and。great 改为 greatly。句中的 influenced 是动词，应用副词来修饰，故此处应用greatly，表示“非常；十分；极大地”。故将 great 改为 greatly。life 改为 lives。句意：从那以后，我把与疾病抗争和拯救生命作为自己的人生理想。此处“拯救生命”并非指一个人的生命，应用复数形式。故将 life 改为 lives。work 改为 working。keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”。故将 work改为 working。