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1、人教高考英语阅读理解之人教高考英语阅读理解之细节理解题课件细节理解题课件(共共2424张张PPT)PPT)年份年份201720172016201620152015全国卷全国卷I I IIII IIIIII I I IIII IIIIII I I IIII细节理解题细节理解题题数题数8 87 79 99 97 78 8 1010 8 8阅读理解题阅读理解题题数题数1515 1515 1515 1515 1515 1515 1515 1515 细节理解题细节理解题就是针对文中某个细节内容就是针对文中某个细节内容进行提问。一般文中的信息包含：进行提问。一般文中的信息包含：who,what,when,
2、where,how,why，命题者常命题者常针对针对what,how,why,consequence,purpose设题，其他信息如设题，其他信息如who,when,where由于答由于答案太直接，较少设题。案太直接，较少设题。细节理解题的细节理解题的答案答案可能只涉及到某个句可能只涉及到某个句子，也可能涉及到几个句子。子，也可能涉及到几个句子。解题思路解题思路1 1、弄清题目问什么后，在题干中划出关键词、弄清题目问什么后，在题干中划出关键词(如专有名词、数字、缩略词、对句子意思起如专有名词、数字、缩略词、对句子意思起决定作用的词或短语等决定作用的词或短语等)；2 2、带着划出的关键词、带着划
3、出的关键词(一般一般1 1至至2 2个个)回归到文中去寻找相关句子；回归到文中去寻找相关句子；3 3、仔细分析找到的相关句子及其上下句，、仔细分析找到的相关句子及其上下句，对照选项，选出正确答案。对照选项，选出正确答案。从近几年高考试题可知，从近几年高考试题可知，细节理解题主要从以下几个角细节理解题主要从以下几个角度命题：度命题：CharlotteStone8:00pm-11:00pmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbe
4、st-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食面食).Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.(2016卷卷II)1.1.直接细节题直接细节题可直接在原文找到答案的题。可直接在原文找到答案的题。常见于通知、公告或布告等常见于通知、公告或布告等应用文或指导性说明文。应用文或指导性说明文。24.Whenwil
5、lCharlotteStoneperformhersongs?A.5:00pm-7:30pm.B.7:30pm1:00am.C.8:00pm-11:00pm.D.8:30pm-10:30pm.C.EvenPresidentObamasmother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudybygrandparents.Com,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinsonsdec
6、isionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObamasfamily.(2016卷卷I)26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinsonsdecision?A17%expressedtheirsupportforit.BFewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.C83%believedithadabadinfluence.DThemajoritythoughtitwas
7、atrend.D2.2.语义转换题语义转换题不能直接在文中找到现成的答案，不能直接在文中找到现成的答案，正正确答案与文中细节意思相同但表达方确答案与文中细节意思相同但表达方式不同。式不同。Sadly,theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant,peoplebelievedtherewasanever-lastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearings
8、withgrain,waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed,thenthrewlargenetsoverthem,takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.(2014卷卷I)3.3.细节推断题细节推断题26.Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A.Toseekpleasure.B.Tosaveotherbirds.C.Tomakemoney.D.Toprotectcrops.C在在理解理解文
9、中具体细节的基础上，文中具体细节的基础上，进行进行简单推理简单推理才可选出正确答案。才可选出正确答案。Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulationsmajorfoodsources(来源来源)forthewolfgrewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogre
10、wquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageoftheparksredfoxes,andcompletelydroveawaytheparksbeavers.(2017卷卷)30.Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout?A.Damagetolocalecology.B.Adeclineintheparksincome.C.Preservationofvegetation.D.Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.4.4.细节概括题细节概括题A概括概括两个或多个两个或多个细节细节得
11、出答案。得出答案。AriauAmazonTowersTheAriauAmazonTowershotelPrices,startingat300onenightforeachpersonforaregularroomandgoingallthewayupto3000fortheTarzanSuite.TheIceHotelEverywinterinJukkasjarvi,Prices:startingat318onenightforeachpersonforeitheracoldroomorawarmone.PropellerIslandPropellerIslandCityLodgeisPri
12、ces:startingatjust91anight,andanadditionalpersonforonly20extradollars.(2010卷卷I)5.5.数字计算题数字计算题55.Fortwopersonsspendinganightinoneofthesehotels,theyhavetopayatleast_.A.111B.182C.600D.636A在文中在文中找到找到相关相关数字数字，进，进行简单行简单计算计算得出答案。得出答案。Practice makes perfect.VisitPacificScienceCentersStoreDontforgettostopbyP
13、acificScienceCentersStorewhileyouareheretopickupawonderfulscienceactivityorsouvenirtorememberyourvisit.Thestoreislocated(位于位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome.(2017卷卷I)21.WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificScienceCenter?A.InBuilding1.B.InBuilding3.C.AtthelaserDome.D.AttheDennyWayentrance.B直接细
14、节题直接细节题Salesof2017Alibabaplatformshit180billionyuanin24hours,a50%risefromayearago.JD.comalsoreportedanimpressive130billionyuandailysalesinthisyearsfestival.(2018江门调研考江门调研考)29.The2016“Double11”saleofAlibabais_.A.90billionyuanB.120billionyuanC.1.48billionyuanD.180billionyuanx*(1+50%)=180 x=120B数字计算题数字
15、计算题ThefilmclassicThe Last Picture Showwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymoviethe
16、aterispreparingtoclosedown.(2017卷卷III)25.WhywasThe Last Picture Showputon?A.Itwasanall-timeclassic.B.Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.C.Theaudiencerequestedit.D.Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.原文句子中的关键词替换成意义相近的词。原文句子中的关键词替换成意义相近的词。语义转换题语义转换题D无中生有无中生有无中生有无中生有IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceM
17、arch2012,Ivedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）（干细胞）inmylittleboxbecauseIvegottwoicepacksandthatshowlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐捐献者献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,wevegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.(2016卷
18、卷I)30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.D.Theicewontlastanylonger.D正话反说正话反说无中生有无中生有语义转换题语义转换题TheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratoryn
19、amed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscoverwherethekeystresspointsare.(2017卷卷III)32.WhatisthepurposeoftheDriveLAB?A.Toexplorenewmeansoftransport.B.Todesignnewtypesofcars.C.Tofindoutolderdriversproblems.D.Toteachpeopletrafficrules.C语言简化语言简化无中生有无中生有细节概括题细节概括题Theseinc
20、ludecustom-madenavigation(导航导航)tools,nightvisionsystemsandintelligentspeedadaptations.PhilBlytheexplains:“Formanyolderpeople,particularlythoselivingaloneorinthecountry,drivingisimportantforpreservingtheirindependence,givingthemthefreedomtogetoutandaboutwithouthavingtorelyonothers.”(2017卷卷III)33.Whyi
21、sdrivingimportantforolderpeopleaccordingtoPhilBlythe?A.Itkeepsthemindependent.B.Ithelpsthemsavetime.C.Itbuildsuptheirstrength.D.Itcurestheirmentalillnesses.A词性的变化词性的变化符合常识，但符合常识，但不是文章内容。不是文章内容。细节概括题细节概括题IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2
22、-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.(2017卷卷I)25.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A.Torescueawoman.B.Totakecareofawoman.C.Tolookatababyowl.D.Tocureayoungowl.C原文句子中的关原文句子中的关键词替换成意义键词替换成意义相近的词。相近的词。无中生有无中生有部分正确，部分错误部分正确，部分错误细节概括题细节概括题Whenneitherofthesemethodsremovedthestaticnois
23、e,Iwouldsithelplesslyandwaitforthenoisetogoaway.AtlastIendeduphittingthesetwithmyfist,anditstoppedworkingaltogether.Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62,andthesetisworkingwellnow,butIkeepexpectingmoretrouble.(2015卷卷II)23.HowdidtheauthorfinallygethisTVsetworkingagain?A.Byshakingandhittingit.B.Byturningiton
24、andoff.C.Byswitchingchannels.D.Byhavingitrepaired.语态变化语态变化D把已然当未然把已然当未然细节推断题细节推断题IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidntwantmeforthefilm-itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul-hestoodupforme.Idontknowhowmanypeople
25、wouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.(2017卷卷II)24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidntlikehisagent.C.Hewasntfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.C细节推断题细节推断题正话反说正话反说无中生有无中生有选项特点：选项特点：1 1、原文句子中的
26、、原文句子中的关键词替换关键词替换成意义相近的词。即成意义相近的词。即利用同义、近义、上下义、语义场等方式，利用同义、近义、上下义、语义场等方式，把原把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词。文中的一些词换成意义相近的词。2 2、语言简化语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化。3 3、正话反说正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。正确选项。4 4、词性或语态的变化词性或语态的变化。改变原文中关键词的词性。改变原文中关键词的词性或语态。或语态。干扰项特点：干扰项特点：1 1、无中生有、无中生有。2 2、符合常识，但不是文章内容。符合常识，但不是文章内容。3 3、把已然当未然；把未然当已然。把已然当未然；把未然当已然。4 4、部分正确，部分错误。部分正确，部分错误。5 5、偷换概念。、偷换概念。6 6、文不对题。、文不对题。7 7、将原文内容绝对化，即无限扩大或缩小。、将原文内容绝对化，即无限扩大或缩小。AssignmentFinishReadingcomprehensiononPage56-57.Thankyouforyourattendanceandlistening.结束结束