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1、2022年吉林广播电视大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2008.04 Anxiety can with childrens performance at school.A、referB、 preferC inferD、interfere【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。句子翻译为：焦虑可以阻碍孩子们在学校的表 现。A . refer to 提到、查阅、涉及；B. prefer to 更喜欢；C. infer from （根 据某事）推断、推定；D. interfere with扰乱、阻碍。第2题【单项选择题】【概括大意】 It is often thou
2、ght that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is st川 often found in modern stories.The main idea of this pa
3、ragraph is.A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、The Theme of Science FictionD、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确答案】B【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these
4、questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never
5、been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older; maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was born about a thousand
6、years agoD、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第23题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed
7、at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no diff ere nee.You are advised to read something before youA、find the topic sentencesB、find out the new wordsC keep reading fastD、go to bed every day【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的医生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分钟读点 东西，那已经成为习惯。所以此题说在你干什么之前，建议你读点东西，从选 项中看只有D项合适。10第24题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesma
8、n occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reas
9、on why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第26题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? T
10、hey were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.T
11、he main consideration of using 11males and females names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、 its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第27题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff t
12、o work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第28题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small v川age besi
13、de the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一 个小村庄，就说明了 River Wensum流经Norwich012第29题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in th
14、eir development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but someti
15、mes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment o
16、f its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belchers model battery, a
17、metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope. Which of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6?A、 It is made of metal.B、It is a kind of watch
18、 battery.C、 It can only be seen with a microscope.D、 It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.13【正确答案】D【答案解析】做题步骤：四个选项逐一带到原文，找到三个错误选项，一个正确选项，比NOT TRUE题难。第31题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the f
19、actors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for
20、either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses dire
21、ctly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph?A、GNP equals national income plus in
22、direct business taxes.B GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes.C、Personal income is regarded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid.D、 The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答案】D【答案解析
23、】此题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项 D 用了别的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。14第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachu
24、setts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,HB、 Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、 Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.
25、D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第33题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anti
26、cipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。【试题分析】词汇题。【详 细解答】动词的词义选取。第34题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledges15B、accompanies C attributes D、anticipates 【正确答案】B 【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第35题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said,
27、 are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of lea
28、rning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第36题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、f
29、all in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：16和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第37题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive
30、clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、H
31、eavy Metals and Food ChainD、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳 定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容 是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, sin
32、ce nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is i
33、n the form of icebergs （冰山）and glaciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.C、Exactly 3 per cent.D、Less than 3 percent.17【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污
34、染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第39题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan
35、civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D
36、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行 了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and t
37、he moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own;
38、but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter becauseA、 it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.18B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C its pull disa
39、ppears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feel.packet of butter,找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the ear
40、th, or the sun.所以答案是 B。 C 项错在 disappearo第41题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on educatio
41、n and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第4
42、2题【单项选择题】must be introduced to protect the2008.10 It is strongly held that new right of the immigrants.A、statisticsB、constructions19第3题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they
43、play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚彳段的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More
44、than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、 A period of time.D
45、、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第5题【单项选择题】C、measuresD、con
46、cessions【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第43题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. That is at least as important as how much we know.A、M
47、uch of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.B、 He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.C Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your un
48、divided attention for four minutes.D、 In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的开展特点，因此判断D正确。第44题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A、go toB、got toC、went toD、get to20【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第45题【单项选择题】2009.