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1、2023年高考复习阅读理解总分值考点考点5.主旨要义之文章大意.练模拟.累能生万1.【2022届湖北省武汉市高三五月模拟试题(二)】Libraries arc romantic places. The romance is that of reading, and the wealth of human imagining and learning that is contained in them. Access to (he knowledge and literary art poetry, fiction, drama)in a library is precious -and par
2、ticularly valuable to young minds and people of any age with an interest in education.It would be hard to find anyone who actively disapproves of libraries. But when it comes to reality, Britains libraries are on less solid ground. The number of books borrowed in the year ending in March.2021 was 72
3、.9m,down 56%on the previous year. Physical visits also collapsed, from 214.6m to 59.7m.Of course, this is the behaviour that one would expect during a pandemic. Many libraries were closed during this period, while people were discouraged from unnecessary mixing. Book sales climbed to their highest i
4、n a decade in 2021, which suggests (hat some former users of libraries may have bought books instead.Private libraries at home, whether large collections or single bookshelves, appear to be developing well. But the hope must be that visits and loans at public libraries will soon return to their fbrm
5、er level loo. Like any other service, libraries need users. And while booksellers might in one sense be regarded as competitors, in fact the vast majority of (hose involved in the trade, from publishers to poets, are library lovers.This has something to do with the romantic idea of the reader as exp
6、lorer, with every book a door to a new store of feeling or understanding. But it also involves the recognition that if books are to form part of our life, there must be space in public for them. Books can be treasured possessions, but there is also something special about a copy (hai arrives in your
7、 hands having passed through (hose of others -and (hat will go on being passed between strangers who share your curiosity.12. What has happened to British libraries?A.They have been in a bad state.B.They have become romantic places.C.They have got great appeal for artists.D.They have suffered great
8、loss of users.13. What has led to the home library boom in Britain?A.People avoid close contact in public.B.Many libraries have been pulled down.C.People have access to affordable books.D.More people disapprove of public libraries.14. What does (he author iry to convey in (he last paragraph?A. Books
9、 are personal belongings.B. Libraries are a paradise for adventurers.C. Books should be attached importance to.D. Libraries contribute to human connection.15. What is (he main idea of (he text?A.C.Libraries will fade out of stage.B. Libraries will hold a promising future.Booksellers benefit from lib
10、raries collapse. D.The pandemic has boosted British book sales.2.【2022届湖北省黄冈中学高三适应性考试（四模）】In 1965 three fathers in Washington State faced a problem familiar to many parents in 2022: how lo keep their restless children entertained. They threw together wooden paddles (乒乓球拍),a badminton net, and aOlymp
11、ics, which will use 8K UHD livestreaming and transmission.The domestic 8K TV industry is now in a nascent stage, Wu said, adding that Sky worth will intensify research and development efforts in 8K chips to improve the clarity, contrast and brightness of images.“While there is a shortage of 8K video
12、 content, which requires advanced, professional equipment such as special cameras and monitors, increasing the cost of producing content, with the advent of supcrfast 5G technology and the popularization of big TVs, 8K has created many opportunities. The broadcasting of sporting events via 8K equipm
13、ent has also motivated people to demand high-definition image quality,said Liu Fei, research director of the consumer electronics department of Skyworth.32. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Skyworth Group is accelerating efforts to tap into 8K technology.B. 5G technology and 8K are developin
14、g hand in hand.C. 5G-powered 8K ultra-high definition TV has a promising future.D. Skyworth will provide viewers a more immersive experience.33. The underlined word “nascent“ in the fifth paragraph probably means A. bottleneckedB. vialC. immatureD. developedWhich of the following statements is NOT t
15、rue?A. Q71 is Skyworths 5G-powcrcd 8K ultra-high definition TV product.B. The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics will help the growth of 8K video industry.C. 8K products need much improvement in some aspects.D. The popularization of 5G draws on the advantages of 8K TV.34. What is Liu Feis attitude to 8K?A
16、. Doubtful.B. Confused.C. Supportive.D. Indifferent.11.12022届辽宁省大连市高考联合模拟】After analyzing 14.5 billion words used in daily news coverage in 2021, The Oxford English Dictionary has chosen vax as the Word of the Year.Oxford Languages, the publisher of the dictionary, reported that “Vax”, the shortened
17、 term for “vaccine”，has injected itself into the bloodstream of the English language, and is a catchy and punchy word for 2021.A contributing factor to its rise in 2021 aside from its obvious relation to (he COVID vaccine drive is its adaptability, according to Fiona McPherson, a senior editor of Th
18、e Oxford English Dictionary. It can mean either vaccine or vaccination as a noun and vaccinate as a verb, and it is the root of many other phrases such as ”vax cards, vax passports1, and “getting vaxxicd. The word has also been changed into other inventive words like vaxxie, a selfie taken during or
19、 immediately before or after ones vaccination. 4tIt has made the most striking impact J said Fiona McPherson.Vax and vaxx are both accepted spellings, but (he form with one x is more common. It was first recorded in English in 1799, while its derivatives (衍生词)vaccinate and vaccination” both first ap
20、peared in 1800. All of these words ultimately came from the Latin word “vacca，which means “cow”. According to The Oxford EnglishDictionary, this is due to English physician and scientist Edward Jenners pioneering work on vaccination against smallpox in the late 1790s and early 1800s.“The words highe
21、st frequency in usage caught our attention first. Then we ran the analysis and a story started to emerge, revealing how vax sal at the centre of our preoccupations this year,“ Casper Grathwohl, the president of Oxford Languages, said in an interview. No word better captures the atmosphere of the yea
22、r than vax4. Which of the following best describes the word vax?A. Fixed.B. Complex.5. What is the origin of the word vax?A. Edward Jenners pioneering work.C. The Latin word cow.C. Adaptable. D. Boring.B. The Latin word vacca.D. The Oxford English Dictionary.6. Why is vax chosen as the Word of the Y
23、ear?A. It is from The Oxford English Dictionary.B. It is accepted by Oxford Languages.C. It appears most frequently in news.D. It is reporters favorite word.7. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Choosing vax as the Word of 2021.B. Making vax changeable.C. Researching the origin of vax.D. Analyz
24、ing vax in The Oxford English Dictionary.12.【河北省保定市局部学校2021-2022学年高三下学期3月联考】A study led by Plana-Ripoll, a psychiatrist （精神病医生）at Aarhus University in Denmark, tries to deal with a fundamental question that has bothered researchers for more than a century-What are the roots of mental illness?In （he
25、hope of finding an answer, scientists have piled up a large amount of data over the past decade, through studies of genes （基因），brain activity and neuroanatomy （神经解剖学）.They have found evidence that many of the same genes underlie seemingly distinct disorders and that changes in the brains decision-ma
26、king systems could be involved in many conditions.Researchers are also rethinking theories of how our brains go wrong. The idea that mental illness can be classified into distinct, separate categories such as “anxiety or psychosis“ has been disproved to a large extent. Instead, theyve found that dis
27、orders shade into each other, and there arc no hard dividing lines.Now, researchers are trying to understand the biology that underlies mental illness.They have a few theories. Perhaps there are several dimensions of mental illnessso, depending on how a person scores on each dimension, they might be
28、 more prone （易患）to sonic disorders than to others. An alternative idea is that there is a single factor that makes people prone to mental illness in general; which disorder they develop is then determined by other factors. Both ideas are being taken seriously, although the former one is more widely
29、accepted by researchers.The details are still vague, but most psychiatrists agree that one thing is clear: The old system of categorizing mental disorders into neat boxes does not work. They are also hopeful that, in the long run, replacing this framework with one that is grounded in biology will le
30、ad to new drugs and treatments. Researchers aim to reveal, for instance, the key genes, brain regions and neurological （神经的）processes involved in psychopathology （精神 病理学）,and target them with therapies （疗法）.Although it might take a while to get there, they are long-term optimistic if the field reall
31、y docs its work.12. What have researchers found in their study?A. There exist links between mental disorders. B. Genes are different in distinct mental disorders.C. Brain function has little to do with mental illness. D. Mental illness is classified into different categories. 13. Researchers more wi
32、dely accept.A. the theory of genetic influencesB. the belief of brain abnormalitiesC. the concept of multiple dimensionD. the idea of the determined risk factor14. What can we infer about mental illness from the last paragraph?A. Its genes are too complex to study.C. Scientists arc clear about its d
33、etails.15. Whats the text mainly about?A. The categories of mental illness.C. The theories of mental illness.B. Hunting fbr its biology might help.D. Its new drugs can be available soon.B. The symptoms of mental illness.D. The roots of mental illness.13.12022届河南省安阳市高三第二次模拟】Road trips can seem extra-
34、long when someone elses unpleasant music fills the car. What if you could listen to only your music without headphones and no one else would hear it? Now researchers in France are working lo deliver such personal sound zones that adapt as conditions in your car change.Why bother? Headphones arc good
35、 at controlling what you hear, but they can be uncomfortable and even damage your hearing.Personal listening zones inside a car could let you hear well without having to drown out other sounds with high volume. They also would bring many new possibilities. Everyone in a car could listen to their own
36、 audio privately. GPS alerts （警报）could go onlythe driver. Passengers could make phone calls without being overheard.Engineers arc working to create these personal sound zones using multiple loudspeakers. They dont tall broadcast the same signal, but the signals are coordinated （协调的）.A listener whose
37、 head is in some “sweet spot” hears high-quality sound. But as one gels farther from the sweet spot, the sound diminishes. Thats because sound waves from different loudspeakers interact to cancel out each others sound.According to Patricia Davies, an engineer studying sound, creating quiet zones any
38、where in a three-dimensional space, like （he inside of a vehicle, is challenging. One reason is that sound waves are sensitive. Changes in temperature can change how fast the waves travel. So can the number of people in the car and other factors. A small change in even one of these can have a big im
39、pact.Still, its easier to create personal sound zones in cars than in other spaces. In a car, whats interesting is that we know where the people are. The loudspeakers can be built right into the headrests.Personal sound zones will only catch on if they work as well as headphones. If you turn on the
40、air conditioner or pick up a passenger, the sound quality cant go downhill. With this in mind. Melon and his team recently modified an existing system.12. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?A. The popularity of personal listening zones.B. The advantages of personal listening zones.C. The saf
41、ety offered by personal listening zones.D. The differences among Sounds with high volume.13. What docs the underlined word “diminishes“ in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Becomes lower.B. Travels faster.C. Gets sweeter.D. Sounds nicer.14. Why is creating quiet zones in a car difficult?A. The speed of a
42、 car is uncontrollable.B. Sound waves are easy to be affected.C. The places of loudspeakers arc fixed.D. The temperatures of passengers are changeable.15. What might be talked about next?A. What the team did.B. Who made up the team.C. Which system worked best.D. How popular the system was.14.12022届河
43、南省安阳市高三第二次模拟】As for Benjamin Franklins kitc-and-key experiment, most people arc aware of the version in which Franklin “discovered” electricity when lightning struck his kite. However, several details about this experiment are unknown, including when and where it happened. Some historians even doubt
44、 whether it took place.In fact, electricity had already been used for centuries before Franklins experiment. Franklin lived from 1706 to 1790 when electricity was understood OS （he interaction between （wo different fluids （流体），which Franklin later referred to as plus and minusIt was unknown before F
45、ranklins experiment whether lightning was electrical, though some scientists, including Franklin, had guessed just that. Franklin was particularly interested in this because lightning strikes had caused disastrous fires where houses were made of wood. Actually, by creating a lightning rod （避雷针），Fran
46、klin helped to protect wooden buildings from being struck by lightning.A few publications reported the experiment. In 1771 Franklin referred to the experiment in his autobiography, and other colleagues also wrote about it. Notably, the experiment appeared in “History and Present Status of Electricit
47、y by Joseph Priestley. Priestley heard about the kite and key experiment from Franklin himself around 15 years after the fact, and in his book, he wrote it occurred in June 1752.11 owe ver, in a book by Tom Tucker, he noted Franklins description of his experiment was phrased in the future conditiona
48、l tense: uAs soon as any of the Thunder Clouds come over the Kite, the pointed Wire will draw the Electric Fire from them.” Franklin could have simply been saying that (he experiment could, in theory, be performed. Given that his statement has a few missing detailsFranklin didnt list a date, time or location, fbr example its possible that Franklin did not perform the experiment himself.However, some historians remain unconvinced that the experiment wasnt carried out. Franklin experts, such as biographer Carl Van Doren, also point to the fact that Priestley specified the month in which Fran