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1、2022年哈尔滨学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD、will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到.时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第2题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The childr
2、en dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of th
3、eir creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed this program, They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the
4、 final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideas【阅读选择】The system has several advan
5、tages. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or t
6、o scare away foxes. The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep.A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV insideB、c
7、an help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambsC、is the best way to protect the sheepD usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. nJ知 D 项正确。第21题【单
8、项选择题】【阅读选择】It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet bega
9、n to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays.日aborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating.An important influence in early ballet was.A、BalanchineB、Ma
10、rie AntoinetteC、DiaghilevD、Louis XIV10【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do细节题。对照原文It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance.这里出现的时间1600s在原文中是比拟早的，提到的人物是 King Louis XIV,选 Do第22题【单项选择题】I would love to the party last ni
11、ght but I had to work extra hours to finish areport.A、to goB、to have goneC、goingD、having gone【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词与虚拟语气。would love to do为一固定搭配 形式，其中不定式表示想要做的动作。但此句中but连接的句子说明其实动作 并没有发生，所以这里要用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，选用B项。第23题【单项选择题】An air of exuded from her.A、triumphsB、triumphedC、triumphalistD、triumph【正确答案】D【
12、答案解析】题目意思：她身上显示出一种胜利的神态。对照选项，答案选D.第24题【单项选择题】The Group of Eight the eight richest countries in the world.11A、consists byB、consists ofC、is consisted byD、is consisted of【正确答案】B【答案解析】consist of意为,由组成,”由构成，consist无被动式。第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt i
13、n their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. U
14、sually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing ma
15、y have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第26题【单项选择题】2007.04 If the operation carefully prepared, it would not hav
16、e been successful.A、was not12B、has not beenC、had not beenD were not【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状 语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有 经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第27题【单项选择题】he has enough money to buy the house, it doesnt mean hes going to do so.A、GrantB、Granted thatC、Having Granted thatD Grant t
17、hat【正确答案】B【答案解析】Granted that：尽管，即使。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚假的）town, built on the hi
18、ll across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow o
19、lder and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.13B、A library.C、 A period of time.D A place.【正确答案】D答案解析答案选Do查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到，The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第29题【单项选择题】阅
20、读选择Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from takin
21、g in fewer calories partly because.A、humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第30题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom
22、is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避14免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第31题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their
23、own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed thi
24、s program. They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions fo
25、r the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits
26、the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为帮助，与help同义。第32题【单项选择题】This is an important problem too few social scientists have researched.A、whichB、 thatC、into thatD、into which15【正确答案】D【答案解析】into which引导的是problem的定语从句。which指代pro
27、blem, into 与research搭酉己。第33题【单项选择题】2008.04 Anxiety can with childrens performance at school.A、referB、preferC、inferD interfere【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。句子翻译为：焦虑可以阻碍孩子们在学校的表 现。A . refer to 提到、查阅、涉及；B. prefer to 更喜欢；C. infer from （根 据某事）推断、推定；D. interfere with扰乱、阻碍。第34题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Its now socially accepta
28、ble, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more o代en.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B
29、、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“经济独立”有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 “妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。16第35题【单项
30、选择题】I understood from her that you undertook other important work.A、as wellB as too asC、as also asD、as good as【正确答案】A【答案解析】as well也可以用来表示“也的意思，它一般置于句尾。句子的意思 为：我从她那了解到你也从事其它重要工作。第36题【单项选择题】【2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【
31、正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如He has unusual ability in sciencezzo capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人,也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devices, capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如The ha
32、ll has a seating capacity of 500。根据句意，此题应该选 capacityo第37题【单项选择题】I promise I will remember the book to you.A、returnB to return17C returningD returned【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据I promise可知这件事情还没有做，所以用remember to do。 这句话的意思是：我保证我会记得还书给你。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on w
33、ith the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has add
34、ed contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第39题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have n
35、o right to inquire about his personal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are unintere
36、sting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.18【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第40题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，
37、符合句意。shut down：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第41题【单项选择题】2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.A、a partialB、a changeableC、an originalD an individual【正确答案】A第42题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The smoke that comes fro
38、m a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. They discovered that even nonsmokers had19B、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据
39、本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为帮助，与help同义。第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscuredD simpl
40、ified【正确答案】D答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】 动词的词义选取。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。 unhealthy amounts of these toxi
41、c （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.B、 Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five l
42、ive in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们 改变观点的句子，因为下一句说明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第43题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】 Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it is not a good idea to skip （故意略去）breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work
43、 at home.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是 个好主意。因此该命题是错误的。第44题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. How
44、ever, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、 Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the20 number of people living alone.C、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that chi
45、ldhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第45题【单项选择题】2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的
46、事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第46题【单项选择题】A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours will eight days to readjust his palm sweat.A、 spendB、takeC、costD、pay【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题需要填入一个表示“花时间而又能与动词不定式连用的动词。 spend 常用于 spend.doing sth.的句型中。cost 一般用于 it cost sb.to do sth.的 句型中，主语不能是人。pay表示花钱的意思。只有take可用于sb. taketo do2
47、1sth .的句型中。第47题【单项选择题】2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第48题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income