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1、2022年哈尔滨城市职业学院自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer chil
2、dren will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impac
3、t on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响（bound to have some effect on our school system.）,选项A中只是将名词effect换为impact。第2题【单项选择题】【2010.04 In order to follow f
4、ashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：今天，我需要你的力量，来做好我需要去做的事情。第21题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答
5、案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额， 销路。符合句意。第22题【单项选择题】【2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第23题【单项选择题】Even with the new development in r
6、esearch, only a tiny of all tests aredone without using animals.10A、varietyB、amountC、plentyD、proportion【正确答案】D【答案解析】本句的意思是：”即使研究有了新的开展，只有一小局部的试验可 以不用动物因此答案为Do variety和plenty分别表示哆样和大量的,意 思不合适。amount后只能接不可数名词，而test是可数名词。第24题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、wit
7、hB fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to表示：与无关。第25题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C.评估、评价；D.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的
8、动机11可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第26题【单项选择题】【2010.04 What her grandfather said left a impression on her mind. She stillremembers it.A、finalB、 vagueC、 deepD、main【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。此题 考查词汇。形容词意义区分题。final最终的，vague模糊的，deep深的，main 主要的。第27题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receiv
9、e an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、In som
10、e countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第28题【单项选择题】12【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think dif
11、ferently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with po
12、or home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、E
13、ffect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo i
14、ntensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy me
15、tals industrially polluted soilsC naturally polluted soilsD、rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A13【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而旦重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第30题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考
16、查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第31题【单项选择题】【2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第32题【单项选择
17、题】【阅读选择】People suspected that Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in 14the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape.
18、 Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析
19、】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky， as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是 要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid th
20、at they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that i
21、t will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第34题【单项选择题】15【概括大意】It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in
22、 literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Developm
23、ent in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、The Theme of Science FictionD、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确答案】B【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo第35题【单项选择题】【2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此
24、职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第36题【单项选择题】【2009.04 Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichD、 thatC asD、what16【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B“第37题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A
25、、occasionallyB、relativelyC、continuallyD absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。第38题【单项选择题】2009.01 He has deep love for the people and loyalty to the country.A、intenseB initialC、instantD、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始
26、的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase itsconsiderably.17A、distribution B contribution C、prescription D、circulation 【正确答案】D 【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第40题【单项选择题】【概括大意The key to gardening with kids,
27、says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation f
28、or being out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第41题【单项选择题】【2009.10 As for family educa
29、tion, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasion18D、scolding【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第42题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use met
30、als other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings
31、 about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of
32、the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第43题【单项选择题】【2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D19【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第3题【单项选择题】【阅
33、读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly does/ replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make me look 20 years older. No, no, she
34、replied. This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!lnitially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because.A、it would make him look old.B、it would make him nervous.C、it was too expensive.D、it was old-styled.【正确答案】A【答案解析】当被妻子问及是否愿意得到一个助听器时，作者因为担忧显得老气 而拒绝。所以答案是A。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year, in
35、 November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A2【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否
36、那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第44题【单项选择题】（概括大意】They always complained （抱怨）more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Beside
37、s, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in foll
38、owing ways.B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people.D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正确答案】C【答案解析
39、】此题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是what are the criticisms?的问题因此选择C。第45题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的20第46题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will
40、be held.A、whatB、whichE、 whenD、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第47题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的
41、，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第48题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensure21C、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第49题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down
42、if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额， 销路。符合句意。第50题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire abo
43、ut his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need
44、 time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对22这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第51题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the s
45、econd highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueFalseC Not Given【正确答案】B（答案解析答案选B。问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列The US, which has the seco
46、nd highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句“错误第52题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A、occasionallyB、relativelyC、continuallyD、absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此
47、题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。23第53题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、 insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给.保险；D平安的，没有危险的第54题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第55题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、co