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1、2022年北京科技职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Wignall calculated the killing efficiency for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out
2、 life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段第一句话是说:Wignall calculated the killing efficien
3、cy for these volcanoes.； Wignall计算了这些火山的灭绝效率 ；其中Idling efficiency与 killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换，因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。第2题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人
4、讲演中偶尔伴有手势。A、possibleB、likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的；D不可能的 应用举例：Ill do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚到一会 儿。第22题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the impli
5、cation between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A.开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来， 写下来。第23题【单项选择题】Perhaps your prince to do something?A、is likeB、would enjoyC、is enjoyD、would like【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：也许你的王子想要做些什么事？ would like to do固定搭10配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选D。第24题【单项选择题】The Group of Eig
6、ht the eight richest countries in the world.A、consists byB、consists ofC、is consisted byD、is consisted of【正确答案】B【答案解析】consist of意为由组成由.构成，consist无被动式。第25题【单项选择题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop outD give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是
7、我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第26题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC instead ofD、except for11【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替,而不是；D除了.以 外第27题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you w
8、ill like him.A、go toB、got toC、went toD、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第28题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思
9、为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第29题【单项选择题】12【阅读选择】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six
10、 straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可 迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket
11、,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A TrueB、F
12、alseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第31题【单项选择题】阅读选择In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning,
13、 for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and13 jigsaws（七工5板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.We learn from the passage that a
14、child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous
15、 chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.B、Recently, though, scientists changed their o
16、pinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们 改变观点的句子，因为下一句说明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第33题【单项选择题】【填句
17、补文】The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the14 high school students did. by carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen.A、The stock market had its worst losses everB、Buildings
18、 would rotate so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heatC、So experts are regularly asked to predict accuratelyD、The article was written in 1958【正确答案】c【答案解析】第一句说的是：预测未来很重要，不能像中学生那样猜想。这一空 的关键词是experts,他们不同于中学生，他们的预测应该是较为准确的。第34题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural
19、about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you liv
20、e to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、False15C、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 Many researchers, whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a lim
21、it of one-hundred-twenty decibels （分贝）.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A、 They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B、
22、 They will protect animals from harmful noises.C、They w川 try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D、 They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises.本段的最后一句话是 答案的出处。第37题【单项选择题】She was be unable to speak.A、such angry as toB、so angry as toC、as a
23、ngry as toD、angry so as to【正确答案】B【答案解析】SO+形容词+ast。表示如此生气以至于16第38题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate ones biological clock bydrinking.A、feasibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第39题【单项选择题】201
24、0.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognized each otherimmediately.A、separationB、cooperationC、correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。 【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the ma
25、in element that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving （感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided mai
26、nly by.17A、a superior force like GodB、our way of being, such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD、others/ choice and responsibility【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有 超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being可知，作者认为影响我们未来的最主
27、要的因 素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries
28、. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the lAOOs.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第42题【单项选择题】【2009.01 You should help them when your friends qu
29、arrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC come into play18D、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D,上台，开始掌权。第43题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】C【答案解
30、析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第44题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第45题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an acc
31、ident.19第3题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action w川 be our only.A、aggressionB advantageC alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。试题分析：词 义选择题。详细解答：A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、 抱负。第4题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、
32、advantageC alternativeD ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第5题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatA、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那
33、么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第46题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned也弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900,
34、Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new
35、ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第47题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggr
36、ession in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天,性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生白勺）20 survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows a
37、nimals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social
38、conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）
39、patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特
40、性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第48题【单项选择题】2009,10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on rathe
41、rthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】C21【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第49题【单项选择题】2009,11 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在
42、参选 总统职位之前是个无名人土。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第50题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you
43、 can only see them with a powerful microscope. Which of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6?A、It is made of metal.B、 It is a kind of watch battery.C、 It can only be seen with a microscope.D、 It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.【正确答案】D【答案解析】做题步骤：四个选项逐一带到原文，找到三个
44、错误选项，一个正确 选项，比NOT TRUE题难。22第51题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already
45、 in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 即 take salt out。第52题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】You cant change your
46、energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you/re sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but
47、you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你23的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说,.rise before your usual hour.work better