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1、2022年合肥科技职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the gr
2、eat influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this pa
3、ragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy
4、more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find inter
5、esting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the su
6、rvey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q.: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the
7、 survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错误第21题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】事实上，约翰逊在参选总统职位之前是个无名人土。【试题 分析】（形近的）副词词义区分题。国【详细解答】A显然，明显地 B外 表上，直观地 C垂直地，直立地 D实际上，事实上
8、第22题【单项选择题】2007.04）The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、alive10B lifeC liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第23题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考
9、查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第24题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。11第25题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has recei
10、ved a positive from readers.A、resultB、responseC settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映。第26题【单项选择题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive at
11、C、drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第27题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national s
12、ecurity, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care system.12A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。问题句说Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势
13、”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第28题【单项选择题】阅读选择The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societi
14、es the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The soc
15、iety assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、
16、to free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law 是此题的答案。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives13toward aggression in the human specie
17、s. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生白勺） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves f
18、rom threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape t
19、o aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human v
20、iolence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavior
21、。可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第30题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My ch
22、ildren have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/ However, another mother, Susan made her choice14 based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, My daughter always has school dinn
23、ers. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three chil
24、dren.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项c为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I lo
25、ved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis
26、gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可 迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Many researchers, whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a15 limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels （分贝）.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they bel
27、ieved. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A、 They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B、 They will protect animals from harmful noises.C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.
28、D、 They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful noises.本段的最后一句话是 答案的出处。第33题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、 responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settleme
29、nt：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决;解答。根据句意，应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映。第34题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleB、likelyC probable16D、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的;D不可能
30、的 应用举例：111 do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚至U会 儿。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at
31、 its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: Get up, John ! Youll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at hi
32、s temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A、Unawareness of energy cycles.B、Familia
33、r monologues.C、 A change in a family member/s energy cycle.D、Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句（即：Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.同时联系本段的第四
34、句和第五句（即：For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. ）的意思。该句的直接意思是如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么17 回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。也就是说， 家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每 个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles（不 知道能量周期）应是正确答案。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The
35、river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to pe
36、ople.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion （拥 挤）,gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.Q: Cost of living in
37、 Ireland is pretty high.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。问题句说爱尔兰的生活费用高。该段说“尽管气候恶劣， 健康机构混乱，交通拥挤，性别歧视仍然存在，生活费用高，爱尔兰所获得的分 数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象：总分值为十分，爱尔兰获得了 8.33分。根据这个 句子的内容可以知道“爱尔兰的生活费用高，因此问题句的说法与原文的说法一18致。第38题【单项选择题】2010.04)The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、
38、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, more people working for longer
39、would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?AI
40、I of the following are possible effects living 19leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people.A、who are very busy everydayB、who are sick in bedC、who are aged and in good healthD、who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可采用排除法，第三句话(It is a particularly difficult problem for
41、the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.),可以看出这三 类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选A。第3题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3
42、 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning. However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school
43、 than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、 Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I ma
44、ke 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第4题【单项选择题】 longer might have on working life EXCEPT.A、 Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.B、 More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.C、The job market
45、 would be more competitive.D、 It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs,排除选项 C； It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.除
46、选项 D； And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排 除选项A；答案是B。第41题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负责，他就是完全可信赖的。 【试题分析】副词意义区分题。【
47、详细解答】A亲自地;B几乎不;C个别地;D可 靠地第42题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. B
48、ut you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When20 you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blame your parents for itC、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者认为你