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1、2022年北京电子科技学院自考英语（二）练 习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行类的）specie
2、s and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、 there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe tha
3、n elsewhere. D、 many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differen
4、tly from children in school:. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask question
5、s about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a
6、 beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Ca
7、tch a Cow/ In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain a
8、mount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍 chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土 地。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water da
9、mage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.Q: Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.A、TrueB、False10C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。此题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。最后一句 说大风和暴雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，应选B。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk,
10、be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy d
11、rinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第23题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD、 supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第24题【单项选择题】112009.04 It is not decided the
12、 conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第25题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to表示：与无关。第26题【单项选择题】
13、2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into fivestages.A、moderateB、initialC、distinctD advanced【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。12第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant
14、 morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include
15、 plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes”秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which
16、 sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each other/s bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian?A、She
17、is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。13而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South Ame
18、rica to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during
19、the 1400/s.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第30题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earl
20、iest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intel
21、ligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main R
22、esults of Recent Researches14D、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第31题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、di
23、stributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第32题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name
24、from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案
25、解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most15mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第33题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that
26、innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intellige
27、nce tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析
28、】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第34题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受16极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep
29、up with：和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第35题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第36题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style,
30、especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said,
31、 in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述,即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。17第37题【单项选择题】【2009.01 H
32、e has deep love for the people and loyalty to the country.A、intenseB、initialC instantD、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environm
33、ental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,B、 Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、 Adding iron to patches of ocean can m
34、ake plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he
35、had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician,18won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。Fermi
36、在1938年获诺贝尔奖，四年以后才建立核连锁反 应的。第40题【单项选择题】2009,04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第41题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night
37、;I would not have stayed up late.A howeverB、otherwiseC、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。19B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better
38、than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第3题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set u
39、p【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第4题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD、viciously【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第42题【单项选择题】阅读选择The f
40、arm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchik
41、ow, which we called it Catch a Cow/ In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydropon
42、ics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍 chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土 地。第43题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwiseC、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析
43、。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。第44题【单项选择题】20【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【
44、正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第45题【单项选择题】【完成句子】 Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before h
45、e went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no diff ere nee.You are advised to read something before youA、find the topic sentencesB、find out the new wordsC、keep reading fastD、go to bed every day【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的医生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分钟读点 东西，那已经成为习惯。所以此题说“在你干什么之前，建议你读
46、点东西”，从选 项中看只有D项合适。第46题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower theirprices.21A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第47题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends qu
47、arrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协、；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第48题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey.A、