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1、2022年电子科技大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2009,01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第2题【单项选择题】What he had done isA、valueB、of valuableC、of no valueD、of no valuable【正确答案】C【答案解析】of+n=adj,可以作表语。o
2、f no value：没有一点价值。value是名词, 不能作表语，也不能形容主语的性质。B和D都是of+adj的结构，是错误的。第3题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、response2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted f
3、or the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; e
4、vents well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述,即Velikovsky提出,在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相
5、撞，这在圣经中有加载。第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、Thes
6、e are newer and better models,H14B、 Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格
7、后面有says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第31题【单项选择题】2008.04 The government finally all the documents relating to the war.A、releasedB、specializedC、realizedD supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。A”公开发表、公布或发布（新闻） B专 门从事、专攻 C意识到、领悟 D假定、猜测。整句话的意思是：政府最 终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第32题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms h
8、ave a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to mai
9、ntain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of war
10、m-blooded mammals in15 order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第33题【单项选择题】Ev
11、en with the new development in research, only a tiny of all tests aredone without using animals.A、varietyB、amountC、plentyD、proportion【正确答案】D【答案解析】本句的意思是：即使研究有了新的开展，只有一小局部的试验可 以不用动物。因此答案为Do variety和plenty分别表示多样和大量的”,意 思不合适。amount后只能接不可数名词，而test是可数名词。第34题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is mo
12、re than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.
13、A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong winds16C、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是:Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest（rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生
14、，少有“表达相同的意思。第35题【单项选择题】It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、 motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】人们发现一个很强的动机可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。【试 题分析】此题考查名词辨析。回【详细解答】A打搅、中断 B动机、诱因 C 评估、评价 D目的地、终点第36题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid th
15、at they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that
16、 it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对17这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第37题【单项选择题】2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、ca
17、pabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第38题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意:如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B
18、糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第39题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.18A、If you are feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B、Body language i
19、s a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures.C、 Body language differs from culture to culture.D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到this会使呼吸更加 困难，this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第40题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the
20、conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第41题【单项选择题】Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agencies in the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的词组。contacting housing agencies
21、：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下,19C、settlementD solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】As far as astronomers （天文学家）can determine, the entire universe is built of
22、 the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise
23、wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universeA、obeys different laws.B、obeys one common law.C、obeys the same laws.D、 obeys no common law.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第二句。科学家没有理由怀疑宇宙中的物质遵循 同一法那么，即他们相信宇宙中不同地方的物质是遵循同一法那么的。第5题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a diffe
24、rence between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying
25、the findings of science.搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny
26、 by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of Luca
27、nsC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the
28、nanny by mistake.本来是 要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第43题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】那个提案与手头上的问题根本无关。【试题分析】此题考查 介词的固定搭配。回【详细解答】irrelevant to表示：与无关。20第44题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate
29、in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged p
30、articles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from posit
31、ively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第45题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD convinced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意:如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混
32、淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第46题【单项选择题】21【I阅读选择】You can/t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later th
33、an you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he shou
34、ld.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说，”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （如果你在上午处于能
35、量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第47题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 I丙勺）, Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodeston
36、e would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an im
37、portant role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions,22 they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.8、 In the thirteen century A.D.C、In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D【答案解析】 本段中
38、Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第48题【单项选择题】2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以 外
39、第49题【单项选择题】【2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助23 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第50题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】During these past few
40、years I used Associated Content to try writing. I found writing for that site was not my cup of tea. However, my experience there was positive as I was rewarded with even more learning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water. Through Associated Content I was introduced to the world of b
41、logging. I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer. What is the authors purpose of using the site Associated Content?A、 To write for the site Yahoo! Contributor Network.B、 To know more about other writers.C、 To have one of his arti
42、cles published.D To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer 确定 D 答案。A 选项 是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的 目的；c选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第51题【单项选择题】2009.7 The house was quiet in th
43、e night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D24【答案解析】【译文】除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房子在夜晚非常安静。【试 题分析】短语意义区分题。【详细解答】A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而 不是；D除了以外第52题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially po
44、lluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB、Potential
45、 Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、Heavy Metals and Food ChainD、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human Food Chain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳 定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容 是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第53题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to r
46、ely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责25骂、斥责第54题【单项选择题】【概括大意】They always complained （抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that th
47、eir parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children re
48、lationships.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways.B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.C、 There are so many criticism to their pa