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1、2022年宁夏工业职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the Un
2、ited States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No
3、 one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第2题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D1【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no
4、names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and
5、 women.The main consideration of using males and females/ names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、 its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第20题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action wi
6、ll be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。试题分析：词 义选择题。详细解答：A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、 抱负。第21题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive
7、 charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In10 most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positiv
8、e charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的
9、负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第22题【单项选择题】Even with the new development in research, only a tiny of all tests aredone without using animals.A、varietyB、amountC、plentyD、proportion【正确答案】D【答案解析】本句的意思是：即使研究有了新的开展，只有一小局部的试验可 以不用动物”。因此答案为Do variety和plenty分别表示多样和大量的，意 思不合适。amount后只能接不可数名词，而test是可数名词。第23题【单项选择题】2009
10、.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、While11D、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管(虽然)他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre hot. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cy
11、cle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: Get up, John ! You,ll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the
12、 trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A、Unawaren
13、ess of energy cycles.B、Familiar monologues.C、 A change in a family members energy cycle.D Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句(即：Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each membe
14、r of the family has.),同时联系本段的第四句和第五句(即：For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. )的意思。该句的直接意思是如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么 回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。也就是说， 家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每 个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles(不12知道能量周
15、期）应是正确答案。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100?Q.: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局
16、部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第26题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new o
17、nes in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、 they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、
18、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。13第27题【单项选择题】Neither English nor Chinese difficult
19、 to learn.A、has B have C、isD、are【正确答案】c【答案解析】neither.nor.是固定搭配，意思是：既不也不。它需要遵循 就近原那么，谓语动词应与Chinese一致，所以答案是C。第28题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879,
20、 Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure
21、【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第29题【单项选择题】Perhaps your prince to do something?A、is like14B、would enjoyC is enjoyD、would like【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：也许你的王子想要做些什么事？ would like tod。固定搭 配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选D。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly i
22、n the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的
23、表述是错误的。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 Many researchers, whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels （分贝）.They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, what will scient
24、ists most probably do in the future?A、 They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B、 They will protect animals from harmful noises.C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.15D、 They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正确答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from harmful nois
25、es.本段的最后一句话是 答案的出处。第32题【单项选择题】This test a number of multiple choice questions.A、consist ofB、consist inC、consists ofD、consists in【正确答案】c【答案解析】“包含,包括所以用consist of,且This test是单数,所以答案为C。第33题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【
26、答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.16A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that
27、 secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、
28、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句
29、提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第36题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC whenD、that【正确答案】C17【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot wil
30、l negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your h
31、ouse keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to I960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the
32、 incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第38题【单项选择题】2009,04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析： 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正
33、当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。18第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South Ameri
34、can countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第40题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont
35、judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics far
36、m started in a local village. This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can start 19【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以 外第3题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sal
37、e. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【正确
38、答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第4题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A go toB、got toC、went toD、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。回详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状
39、their very own self sustaining farm. Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farmA、is difficult to buildB、is a type of farm without soilC、will cost lots of moneyD、was started in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析
40、】答案选B。词义理解题。根据关键词hydroponics farm迅速锁定本 段。再通过排除法可以判定B项是正确的。因为A和C表述的内容文章并没有 提到过。D项表述是错误的，因为那个村庄在他们去之前并没有这种hydroponics farmo是他们到了之后，帮助建立了一个模型。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes respo
41、nsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But i
42、n legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according
43、to the passage, is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A20【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law是此题的答案。第43题【单项选择题】2008.04 To unders
44、tand the sentence, you should analyze its parts.A、functionallyB、widelyC、largelyD、remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个 局部的功能。A.有用途地、有功能地； B.宽广地； C.大大地；D.突 出地。第44题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB confusedC、confirmedD、convinced【正
45、确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A .浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第45题【单项选择题】Do you need a ride?No, thanks. I walking.A、prefer21B、 wantC used toD、take【正确答案】A【答案解析】相比拟来说,更喜欢做某事用prefer,其结构为prefer sth. to sth. 或者 prefer doing sth. to doing sth.o第46题【单项选择题】2009.01 What he told us was m
46、ore of a(n)than a reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC、illustrationD、reputation【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意:他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。 考查名词词义。A幻想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声， 名誉。第47题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD、our
47、country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第48题【单项选择题】222008.04 Anxiety can with childrens performance at school.A、referB、 preferC、inferD、interfere【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。句子翻译为：焦虑可以阻碍孩子们在学校的表 现。A . refer to 提到、查阅、涉及；B. prefer to 更喜欢；C. infer from （根 据某事）推断、推定；D. interfere with扰乱、阻碍。第49题【单项选择题】（完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodi