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1、高中英语高考英语名词考点与题型全归纳带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）In of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives.A. defendB. defendsC. defenceD. defending答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：为了保卫祖国，许多人献出了生命。固定短语in defence of保护，为了保卫，后常接名词 作宾语。应选C项。1、 I bought the dress for only fifty yuan at the sales. Really ? It was a real. How I wi
2、sh I would have such a good chance!A. goalB. bargainC. exchangeD. business答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我在减价时只花了五十元买了这件衣服。一一真的？真划算。我多么希望我有 这样一个好机会！ A.goal目标；B.bargain廉价货;C. exchange交换;D.business生意。根据后文How I wish I would have such a good chance!”可知回答者认为这件衣服很划算，短语a real bargain合算的交易”。应选B。2、 His rude behavior w
3、as really a, which made his friends embarrassed.A. virtueB. visionC. leisureD. disgrace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B.vision 视力，视觉；C. leisure 闲暇；D. disgrace 耻辱，丢脸。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassed”可 知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。应选D。3、 During the pandemic, my mom exp
4、ressed her about my health.为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为运行，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Ao30 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidates答案：C 解析: 考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.rep
5、resentatives代表;B. operators经营者；C.generations世代;D.candidates候选人。结合句意，后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。31、He fought against the illness with courage andA. floodB. visaC. plateD. determination答案：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. flood洪水；B.visa签证；C.plate盘子；D.determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。32、 There are many
6、in your homework, so you/d better correct them before you hand it in .A. baseB. errorsC. behaviourD. bad答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的作业中有很多错误，所以你最好在交上来之前改正。A. base根基，基础；B. errors错误；C.behaviour行为；D.bad坏人,坏事。根据so yoifd better correct them 可知，作业中有错误。 应选Bo“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire! the mother
7、shouted, with clearly in her voice.A. angerB. confusionC. regretD. panic10答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。A.anger愤怒, 生气；B.confusion困惑;C.regret后悔，遗憾；D.panic惊慌，恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲是恐 慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：33、 You cant take photos without her.A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. perm
8、ission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.adventure冒险；B.fault过错；C.patience耐心； 0.permission允许。由You cant take photos without her”可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照，因此空 格处为“允许，应选D。35、The Great Wall is a great tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attentions. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangement答案：B解析：考查名
9、词词义辨析。句意:长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。A. attention注意力；B. attraction 有吸引力的事物；C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。根据drawing millions of visitors every year可知，应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attraction,意为“旅游景点”。应选B项。36、They were all brave enough to take up arms in of their country.A. conflictB. defenceC. con
10、tentD. represent答案：B11解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。A. conflict冲突；B. defence保卫；C.content内容;D.represent代表，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语in defence of,表示“保卫, 应选BoIt was to be invited here today.A. great honourB. honouringC. a great honourD. honoured答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：今天被邀请到这里来是极大的荣幸。分析句子结构可知，这是固定句型ltis/was+名
11、词/ 形容词+动词不定式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to be invited here,抽象名词honour意为荣幸， 表示具体的事物时候，是可数名词，前面可以用a/an修饰，根据great首字母是辅音音素，因此，应该用a 修饰，即a great honour。应选C项。38 I failed in my to persuade her to go with me.A. attemptB. attackC. thrillD. border答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B.attack攻击；C.thrill激 动;D.
12、 border边界。in ones attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed”可知,是试图说服，但失败。应选A。39 What a! I wasnt expecting to see you here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊！我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范；B.characteristic特色；C. certificate 证书；D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文1 wasnt expecting to
13、 see you here.”可知遇见是巧合，应用12coincidenceo 应选 Do40 In the process of getting rid of racial, the USA is left far behind.A. discriminationB. compromiseC. substituteD. investigation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。Adscrimination歧视；B promise 妥协;C.substitute 代替；D.investigation 调查。根据空前的getting rid of
14、 racial”可知，此处指摆 脱种族歧视，应选A项。41、Hangzhou is such an city that it。代en makes a strong on visitors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A. impressed, impressionB. impressing , impressionC. impressive, impressD. impressive, impression答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸
15、引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；-ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选D。42、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC
16、. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的13 一种装饰。A. analysis 分析；B. appetite 兴趣，欲望；C. incident 事件;D. appreciation 欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣,appetite符合题意。应选B。43、Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the
17、rest of the century.A. concernB. signalC. strategyD. accident答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； signal信号，预兆；strategy策略；accident意外事故。根据上文的look forward展望可推断,领导层想要展 望未来，制定策略。应选C。44、Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out a
18、crosslong distances.A. occupationB. applicationC. qualificationD. composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation 职业,占领；B. application 运用；C. qualification 资格，授权；D. composition 作文。根据句子结构 和意思可知，这里需要的是5G技术的广泛运用的意思，考查运用对应的名词，在句子中做介词短语Due to的宾语。应选B。45 The couples kindness g
19、ave me a deep and reminded me of the best things about Christmas.A. impressionB. expressionC. descriptionD. collection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇的善良给我留下了深刻的印象，让我想起了圣诞节最美好的事情。A.impression E象；B. expression 表达；C. description 描述；D. collection 收集, 收藏品。 根据and reminded me14of the best things about Christmas.”可
20、知，impression 印象，符合题意。应选 A 项。46 We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A. gainB. awardC. opportunityD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金; C opportunity机会;D.impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。47、 The to success is to make good use of the chance to
21、 education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B. fountain喷泉；C.potential潜力；D. document文件。the access to.（ 的途径）符合句意。应选A项。48、 To develop advanced technology, we must first develop in the young people.A. resourceB. opportunityC. facilityD. creati
22、vity答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:要开展先进技术，首先要培养青年人的创造力。A. resource资源；B. opportunity 机会；C.facility设备、设施；D.creativity创造力。根据To develop advanced technology”可知，开展先进技术 首先要开展创造力。应选D项。49、 If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A. posit
23、iveB. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage15答案：c 解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的;B. advantage优势（名词）；C.negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的“we shouldnt focus too much on”可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选Co50、The managing director of this department took the for the accident, a
24、lthough it was not really hisfault.A. guiltB. responseC. blameD. conservation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不是他的错。A.guilt内疚；B.response 答复;C. blame 责任；D. conservation 节约。根据下文“although it was not really his fault.可知，这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当的责任。应选C项。小提示：51 It is said that the
25、San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A. detailB. magnitudeC. honourD. marathon答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B. magnitude震级；C.honour荣誉；D.marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选B。52、Finally, the man became ill under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressureD. unfam
26、iliar答案：C 解析:16 考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的；B.lovely可 爱的；C.pressure压力；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可 知，应填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语,且under.pressure是常用词组，表示“承受压力。应选C项。53、 Anyone cant leave school without the head teachers.A. permissionB. permitC. possibilityD. predicti
27、on答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有校长的允许，任何人都不能离开学校。A.permission允许；B.permit许可证； C.possibility可能性;D.prediction预测。without ones permission未经许可为固定短语,符合句意。应选A项。54、 I missed the first of the play.A. sceneB. novelC. envelopeD. patience答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我错过了这出戏的第一幕。A.scene场景；B.novel小说；C.envelope信封；D.patience耐心。根据of th
28、e play”可知,此处指的是戏剧的第一幕，应选A。小提示：55、 I wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他写了一封信，对他的体贴关怀表示感谢。A. achievement成就；B.agreement同意；C. attention注意力；D.appreciation感谢。结合句意可知，此处是表达对别人体贴的感激, 用appreciation符合题意。应选Do1756、Be as
29、careful of the books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character will be as muchinfluenced by the as by the latter.A. resentment.formalB. company . .formerC. hatred.formalD. virtue.former答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎，因为你的习惯和性格受到前者 （书籍）和后者（朋友）的影响一样大。A.resentment愤怒,formal正式的
30、；B pany同伴,former前者 （的）；C.hatred 憎恨,formal 正式的；D. virtue 美德，former 前者（的）。根据“Be as careful of the booksyou read可知，第一空拿读书和交友作比拟，所以选同伴；根据the latter可知，第二空将前者和后者进行 比照，所以选前者，应选B。57、Her own experience as a child was marked with adversity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible na
31、mes, even by adults.（找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释）A. fortuneB. hardshipsC. prideD. kindness答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：她的童年经历充满了逆境和不顺一一小时候她被幼儿园拒收，就连大人都用难听的名字称 呼她。A. fortune 运气;B. hardships 逆境,艰难；C. pride 自豪；D. kindness 善行。根据后文she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults”可知，她的童年是充满挫折和不顺的,所以划线词所
32、指的也应该是这种意思，与B选项含义相同。应选B项。58、 The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my.A. sceneB. sceneryC. controlD. sight答案：D 解析:18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：足球总是让我想起那场比赛中的错误，所以我刻意不去看它。A.scene现场；B.scenery 风景；C.control 控制；D. sight 视力。 根据“The football always reminds me of my
33、 mistake in that match” 可知，一看到足球就让我想起比赛中的失误，所以我刻意不去看它。out of sight 看不见，在视野之外。故 选D。59、A poor economy has caused the of thousands of small businesses.A. complexityB. collapseC. convenienceD. correction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济不景气导致成千上万的小企业倒闭。A. complexity复杂性；B. collapse倒闭；C. convenience方便；D. correction改正。
34、根据上文A poor economy has caused”指经济不景气导致小企业倒闭, 应用collapseo应选Bo60、We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great to human beings and society willnever be forgotten.A. conclusionsB. attractionsC. contributionsD. achievements答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以看到到处都是纪念碑。那些对人类和社会做出过重大贡献的人将永远不 会被忘记。A.co
35、nclu己ons结论;B.attractions吸引力；C.contributions贡献;D.achievements成就。结合句意， 此处是短语：make great contributions to,意为“对做出重大贡献。应选C。61、They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.A. mapB. advertiseC. informationD. advertisement答案：D 解析:19A. complaintB. concernC. curiosityD. doubt答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：疫情期间，妈
36、妈对我的健康表示担忧。A. complaint抱怨；B.concern担忧；C.curiosity好奇；D.doubt怀疑。根据前半句During the pandemic可知，因为在疫情期间,所以空处需用名词 concern,表示妈妈对我的健康担忧。应选B。5 One day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close with death.A. confusingB. combinationC. criticizeD. encounter答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当他正开着大卡车的时候，他和死神有一个亲密接
37、触。A.confusing adj.难 以理解的;B bination n.结合（体）n.联合（体）；C.criticize v.批评，指责；D.encounter n.遭遇，偶遇。 根据句子结构可知，这里需要名词，被形容词close修饰，做动词had的宾语，分析句子意思可知，他是卡车 司机，正在开车的时候应该是很危险的事情发生，所以是和死神有一个亲密接触，意思符合句意。应选D。6、People who do not smoke have less of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.A. potentials. causeC.
38、 hopeD. choice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不吸烟的人比吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性小。A. potential可能性；潜在性；B. cause 原因；C. hope希望；D.choice选择。结合语境可知，句中将不吸烟的人与吸烟的人在患肺癌方面的可能 性（大小）方面进行了比拟c have potential of doing sth，固定短语,意为“有做某事的可能性”,符合语境搭 配。应选A项。7 To get the job, the had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the Great B
39、arrierReef. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告寻找摇滚音乐家。A. map地图；B. advertise登广告；C.information信息；D. advertisement广告。由空后“looking for rock musicians”可知,此处表示登广告寻找摇滚音 乐家,不定冠词an后需接名词advertisement。应选D。62 Primary school teachers use a lot of aids in their class activities to make their teaching easier.A. medicalB. visual
40、C. firstD. band答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的；B. visual视觉的；C. first第一的；D.band乐队。根据Primary school teachers 可知，小学老师需要使 用视觉教具。应选B。63、 You shouldn/t have been so rude to your friend. I think you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attempt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的
41、朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apology抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C. debt债务;D. attempt试图。根据so rude to your friend”可知，此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。64、 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. investigationC. performanceD. impression
42、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A.schedule 日程安排；B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；D. impression E象。 根据heavy workload of20Grade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。65、 Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees, a great many answered the call.A. ancestorsB. applicantsC. oper
43、atorsD. boarders答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先；B.applicants 申请人，求职者；C. operators 操作员；D. boarders 寄宿者。根据上文“Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees”可矢口此处指求职者应征，应用applicantSo应选B。66、How to raise the awareness of environmental protection has become one of the m
44、ost important to bediscussed next meeting.A. errorsB. performancesC. issuesD. behaviors答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何提高环保意识已成为下次会议要讨论的最重要的问题之一。A. errors错误；B. performances 表演；C. issues 问题，重要议题；D. behaviors 行为。根据句意和句中“How to raise the awareness of environmental protection可知，如何提高环保意识应该是会议上要讨论的问题，issue意为问题，重要 议题
45、，符合语境，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为最之一，故空格处用issue的复数形 式issues”。应选C项。67 Plastic bags are not allowed in our town in a(n)to help the environment.A. attemptB. stuffC. depthD. disaster答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：力图帮助环境，在我们镇上不允许使用塑料袋。A. attempt试图；B. stuff材料；C. depth深度；D. disaster灾难。根据前后文的意思可知用in an attempt表示力图、试图符合
46、句意。应选A项。2168、The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased of andsupport for teaching among the public and nation.A. realizationB. professionC. recognitionD. acquisition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。A.realization 实现；B.profession 专
47、业；C.recognition 成认，认可；D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据 “are willing to”可知,人们愿意说明大家认可。应选C。69、 The company presented him with a gold watch in of his 20 years of good service.A. achievementB. appreciationC. attentionD. agreement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:公司送给他一块金表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。Achievement成就；B.appreciation感激；C.atte
48、ntion注意；D.agreement同意。根据句意,他为公司服务20年，给他一块表以示 感谢。应选B。70、 From my hotel room window, I could see a large board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.A. amusementB. advertisementC. manuscriptD. assignment答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过酒店房间的窗户，我可以看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌:杰森，大魔术师。 A.amusement 有趣；B.advertisement 广告；C. manuscript 手稿；D. assignment 任务。 根据下文“with his