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1、2022年天津市职业大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is alre
2、ady in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 即 take salt out。第2题【单项选择题】2008.04 Fish is and expen
3、sive at this time of the year in this area.A、in large measureB、to the minimumC、in short supplyD、to the maximum【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供应不 足，价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货缺乏。第20题【单项选择题】阅读选择Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents.
4、 Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because.A、 humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not will
5、ing to be put on a strict diet.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第21题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own dist
6、rict and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed this progra
7、m. They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the mo
8、del city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program10【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the cl
9、assroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为“帮助,与help同义。第22题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has b
10、een recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industriall
11、y polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第23题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average li
12、ghtning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning tha
13、t is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong winds11C、is often hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高
14、级形式）与infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第24题【单项选择题】2008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C. 评估、评价；D.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was
15、 believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly n
16、ecessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for
17、 selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how12 successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something
18、 a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第26题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alter
19、nativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第27题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数13据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保
20、，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第28题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their abili
21、ty to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these t
22、ests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be mor
23、e intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第29题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite the bad weather, troubled health ser
24、vice, traffic congestion （拥 挤）,gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.Q: Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.A、TrueB、False14C、Not Given【正确答案】A答案解析答案选A。问题句说爱尔兰的生活费用高o该段说“尽管气候恶劣， 健康机构混乱，交通拥挤，性别歧视仍然存在，生活费用高，爱尔兰所获得的分 数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象：总分值为十分，爱
25、尔兰获得了 8.33分。根据这个 句子的内容可以知道爱尔兰的生活费用高，因此问题句的说法与原文的说法一 致。第30题【单项选择题】The engineer my father works is about 50 years old.A、to whomB、on whomC、with whichD、with whom【正确答案】D【答案解析】with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.第31题【单项选择题】The Roman goddess Venus is identified the Greek godd
26、ess Aphrodite.A、withB、byC、forD、to【正确答案】A【答案解析】be identified with：和有联系，被视为与等同。第32题【单项选择题】152008.04 It has been found that a strong help overcome the effects of distraction.A、interruptionB、motivationC、evaluationD、destination【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。A.打搅、中；断 B.动机、诱因；C. 评估、评价；D.目的地、终点。整句话的意思是：人们发现一个很强的动机
27、 可以帮助克服干扰物的影响。第33题【单项选择题】I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish areport.A、to goB、to have goneC、goingD、having gone【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词与虚拟语气。would love to do为一固定搭配 形式，其中不定式表示想要做的动作。但此句中but连接的句子说明其实动作 并没有发生，所以这里要用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反，选用B项。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are ma
28、ny sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.A、normalB、generalC ordinary16D、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第35题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower theirprices.A、normalB、ge
29、neralC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第36题【单项选择题】No sooner had we reached home a violent storm broke out.A、whenB、 thatC、untilD、 than【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：我们刚一到家，一场猛烈的暴风雨就下起来了。此题是 固定搭配题。此题是no soonerthan 一 .就.”第37题【单项选择题】17【阅读选择】For
30、 any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning,
31、 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、 Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、 The unions will try
32、 to increase productivity.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者there are more men than are needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”,接 下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is
33、 the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。回详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in the18living room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】
34、此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第40题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such
35、as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock
36、 and soil chemistryD the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思“缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第41题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cance
37、r in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency19第3题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can e
38、ver be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their perfo
39、rmance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传
40、统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第4题【单项选择题】These two alarm clocks are normally set together, but now they have been reset a few hours.A、away B alone C、apart D、aside 【正确答案】c【答案解析】but表示前后句子意思是相反的，所以前面说了 set together,后面 提到的就是apart （分开）。reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United St
41、ates each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one
42、knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第42题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第
43、43题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to20【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to 表示： 与无关。第44题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousand
44、s of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow/ In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He se
45、emed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍 ch
46、ief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土 地。第45题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectivelyD、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负21责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠第46题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference
47、 will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第47题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make t
48、heir lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。文章讲虽然儿童习得母语的“教师可能没有受过专门的 语言教学的训练，但与他的关系却是亲密的、个人化的。但是作者并没有提到在 语言学习中，教师与学生密