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1、2022年天津市和平区新华职工大学自考英 语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给.保险；D平安的，没有危险的第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is
2、said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 Th
3、e problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how
4、a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and oth
5、er South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.Which country is the largest coffee producer?A、Brazil.B、Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第20题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just
6、want an intuitive sense of what/s going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would
7、 be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处第21题【单项选择题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family gar
8、den10 coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is zzLetting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden/The ma
9、in idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第22题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an e
10、ducation, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B In some cou
11、ntries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their thr
12、ee children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:11, For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evenin
13、g when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests
14、and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第24题【单项选择题】2009.10
15、he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第25题【单项选择题】2009.7 The judge who was to his favorite was criticized by many people.A、partialB、fairC、strictD、frank12【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词的意义区分。此题句意为：许多人批评了偏袒他自 己喜爱（球队或球员）的那个裁判员。
16、A偏袒的，不公平的；B公正的；C严 格的，严厉的；D坦率的。第26题【单项选择题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the darkness.A、allocateB、 adoptC、applyD、adjust【正确答案】D第27题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in scho
17、ol: For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the
18、 space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than a
19、verage on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。13第28题【单项选择题】2010.04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB、perceivedC、obscure
20、dD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第29题【单项选择题】完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of chi
21、ldrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming
22、children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、b
23、orn to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为14我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取
24、得成功。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The system has several advantages. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from the sheep. But when they
25、 are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to scare away foxes. The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking among the sheep.A、is more
26、popular with shepherds than watching TV insideB、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambsC、is the best way to protect the sheepD usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother she
27、ep that are about to give birth.可矢口 D 项正确。第31题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five stages.A、moderateB、initialC、distinctD、 advanced【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。15第32题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year; in November, Thanksgiving Day
28、 reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第33题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings h
29、ave emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the en
30、vironment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main i
31、dea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不16过是m
32、ajor findings的另一种说法而已。第34题【单项选择题】2009.04)Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichB、 thatC、asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第35题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in ex
33、cess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B,由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on
34、 national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health care 17system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度J 而本段只是说女人做教
35、育和医疗方面的工作有优势，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertili
36、zation is not the answer to global warming.A、HThese are newer and better models,B、 Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、 Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked
37、up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 When you know Bob better, you will like him.A、go toB、got toC went to18D、get to【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：当你更加了解鲍勃时，你将会喜欢他的。试题分析：此题考 查主将从现。国详细解答：根据主将从现的原那么，主句用了一般将来时，时间状 语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。第39题【单
38、项选择题】【I阅读选择】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs
39、and build models of their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed this program, They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, a
40、s the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group7 make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideasB to discus
41、s with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为帮助，与help同义。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in
42、the United States have to receive an education, but the19【正确答案】C【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第3题【单项选择题】It contributed to our lives.A、 saveB、savingC、have savedD、 saved【正确答案】B【答案解析】contribute to中的to是介词，所以空格中要用动名词的形式。第4题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may
43、cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even highe
44、r for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接
45、下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some coun
46、tries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第41题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes ha
47、d no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both me
48、n and women.The main consideration of using males and females/ names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第42题【单项选择题】概括大意The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family gardencoordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is Lettin