《2022年小学生数学学习方式之我见 .pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022年小学生数学学习方式之我见 .pdf(5页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、小学生数学学习方式之我见七道河中心小学熊红兵长期以来,由于应试教育的困扰,学生形成了被动、单一、机械式的接受学习方式。教师以知识传授为目的的学习方式已不能适应时代发展的需要。而新课程标准倡导的动手实践、自主探索与合作交流的学习方式,正是顺应时代和社会发展的要求。改变学生已有的数学学习方式成为当今教学改革的热点。在小学数学教学实践中,对转变学生现有的学习方式,我作了四方面的尝试。一、由书本数学向生活数学转变长期以来,我们数学课总是由复习旧知到引入新知。这些知识往往都是书本上数学概念、运算法则、计算公式。教师为教数学知识而设计教学,学生为学数学知识而进行学习,使学生感到数学枯燥、抽象及难学。其实,
2、数学离不开生活,小学数学在生活都能找到原型。如我在教第十一册“利息”这一内容时,由于现行银行利率与教材中的利率有很大差别,课前我就让学生到学校附近的农行、信用社、邮政储蓄所调查一年、二年、三年、五年期银行年利率。当学生在课堂上学习利息计算方法后,我创设情境:王华家本月结余1000 元钱,王华的妈妈决定将这笔钱存入银行两年。现在有两种理财方案,一种是存一年后将本息再存入银行一年,另一种是直接存入银行两年。如果你是王华,请帮妈妈算算,哪一种理财方案比较好?学生先前调查了一年期的年利率为1.98%,二年期的年利率为2.25%,学生通过计算得到直接存两年期的利息比较多。在此基础上,介入利息税的知识,让
3、学生算算两年后王华妈妈得到本息多少元?通过创设这样的情境,使学生感受到生活中处处有数学,数学就在我们身边。要实现由书本数学向生活数学转变,我们教师还应敏锐地观察生活,从生活中提炼数学材料,更好地体现数学时代性。二、由获得知识结论向亲历探究过程转变传统数学教学比较重视获取知识结论,过于强调接受学习,教学方式、学习方式单一化,严重阻碍了学生创造性的发展。要改变这种现状,就必须让学生亲历探究与发现过程。如在教学“圆的周长”时,教材编排上采用先验证圆周长与直径的关系,后介绍圆周率及研究史实。根据实际情况我对教材进行了重新整合。先介绍圆周率及研究史实,再让学生亲历探究圆周率是怎么得到的,圆周长是不是刚好
4、是直径的三倍多一点?我首先为学生提供探究机会,让学生比较几个圆形物体的周长。在我引导下,学生会用“绕线法”和“滚动法”得出厚纸板做的圆的周长,也会用“折叠法”测量出用布做的圆的周长。但对求画在纸上的圆的周长觉得有困难。这时,我再次引导学生做实验,探究用一种间接方法计算圆周长,从而得出圆的周长公式。在这个过程中,学生既体验到数学知识来源于实践的真理,又感受到独立获取知识的乐趣,还从中学到了不少解决问题的策略,有效地培养了学生实践意识和探究能力。三、由问答式学习向小组合作学习转变当今社会正处于知识经济时代,各行各业的竞争日趋激烈,很多工作需要团队合作才能完成。合作在今天具有越来越重要的作用。从文档
5、编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z
6、2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3
7、 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10
8、文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P
9、7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6
10、W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M
11、10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10教育要培养社会所需要的人和促进个人的全面发展的角度来说,培养学生的合作意识和能力是非常重要的。数学课程标准中也提到:教师应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会,帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流的过程中真正理解和掌握基本的数学知识与技能、数学思想和方法,获
12、得广泛的数学活动经验。合作交流成了学生学习数学的重要方式。例如:分数基本性质教学,我设计了三个任务,让小组合作解决:1、三张大小相同纸,分别折出1/4、2/8、4/16,并将他们涂上不同的颜色。2、认真观察,并将结果添入里。1/42/84/16。3、小组讨论,这三个分数_变了,_不变。各小组经过操作、合作、交流后派代表回答,结果表述完全一样。在这样的合作中,学生的学习体验是快乐的,而且在小组这种宽松氛围下,大家的参与是积极的、思维是活跃的。比问答式教学来揭示规律更能收到意想不到的效果。四、由关注解题技巧向关注思维转变现在有些教师上课还是以讲授为中心,通过大量练习来训练学生解题技巧。学数学肯定要
13、做练习,不做练习肯定不对。可是,过度练习是当前数学教学存在的通病。我们要认真研究有效的练习策略。数学课程标准明确指出:通过义务教育阶段的数学学习,要使学生能够获得适应未来社会生活和进一步发展所必须的重要数学知识以及基本的数学思考方法和必要的应用技能。数学知识和技能我们教师十文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M1
14、0文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2
15、P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q
16、6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5
17、M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2
18、H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z
19、4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3
20、G5M10分关注,但这里所讲的数学思考方法,即数学思维,又有多少人关注过呢?数学思维具有多样性、选择性和灵活性。关注思维,首先在课堂上要注重习题开放性,在解决问题策略上应呈现思维多样性、选择性的趋向。如学生在学了“百分数认识”后,我创设了这样的情境,“六一”前夕,儿童公园为吸引游客特推出如下优惠政策:团体购票满 50 张或 50 张以上一律打八折;购票满40 张的一律打八五折;满30 张的打九折;30 张以下一律按原价每张2 元,现在有 47 个小朋友到儿童公园去玩,请你帮他们设计几种购票方案,并挑选出你认为最佳的购票方案。这种既结合教材又联系生活实际的开放性问题,既能巩固所学知识,又是学生喜
21、欢的,何乐而不为呢?其次,我们教师应关注学生思维的灵活性。我在教学中遇到过这样一种情况,在应用题教学中出示了一道题目,“某厂加工一批服装,原来每天加工45 件,需要 4 天完成,现在要想提前 1 天完成,平均每天要比原来多加工多少件?”多数学生的解法是:454(41)45=15件,但是有两位学生的解法与众不同,他们的解法是:453=15 件,并说出如下理由:原来需要 4 天完成的服装现在需要3 天完成,那么提前 1 天的任务平均分到 3 天当中,就是每天要比原来多加工的服装件数。多么巧妙的思路,多么简洁的解法。我们教师不得不发现,学生的思维是灵活的,潜能是巨大的。以上四方面的教学尝试,使我深深
22、感到要转变学生数学学习方式就必须深入学生的生活,从学生的现实生活中去发现、提炼数学材料,文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2
23、H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z
24、4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3
25、G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9
26、N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I
27、7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9
28、W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10为学生提供现实生活中鲜活的问题情境;要让学生有充分从事数学探究活动的机会,以发挥他们学习的主动性和创造性。但在教学实践中,我也发现全新的教育理念还不能很好贯彻课堂教学始终,长期
29、形成的、习惯了的教学方式还难以改变,这在很大程度上影响到学生学习方式的转变。在今后教学工作中,要不断更新自己的教育观念,将全新的教育理念转化为教学行为,不断去实践新课程标准提出的“人人学有价值的数学、人人都能获得必须的数学、不同的人在数学上得到不同的发展。”文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ
30、9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8
31、I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F
32、9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:
33、CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 H
34、T8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10文档编码:CQ9N2H2P7Z2 HT8I7Z4Q6W3 ZY4F9W3G5M10