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1、【2015年初一春季课程】第四讲 Dont eat in class.适用学科英语适用年级初一适用区域使用人教版教材地区课时时长（分钟）120分钟知识点1.课本重点语言点学习。2.学习祈使句的基本用法。3.学习情态动词have to ,must的基本用法。教学目标知识:1.掌握课本重点语言点。2掌握祈使句的基本用法。3. 掌握情态动词have to ,must的基本用法。方法：讲、练、测结合，突出重点和核心，掌握所学内容。能力：1.能够正确运用祈使句 2.掌握情态动词have to ,must的考查点和易错点。教学重点1.学习课本重点语言点。2.学习祈使句的基本用法。3.学习情态动词have
2、to ,must的基本用法教学难点have to 的句式变化以及must与have to 之区别教学过程一、课堂导入 引导学生复习祈使句的用法，并说说以下句子有什么不同及用于什么场合： 1. Keep quiet! 2. Be quiet! 3. No parking! 4. No smoking!二、复习预习 【短语归纳】1. on time 准时，按时 2. listen to 听3. in class 在课上 4. be late for 做迟到5. have to 不得不 6. be quiet 安静7. go out 外出8. do the dishes 清洗餐具9. make br
3、eakfast 做早饭 10. make (ones) bed 铺床11. be noisy 吵闹12. keep ones hair short 留短发13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩14. play the piano 弹钢琴15. have fun 玩得高兴 16. make rules 制订规则【用法集萃】1. Dont + 动词原形+其他，不要做某事。2. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的 4. practice doing sth. 练习做某事5. be strict with sb. 对某人
4、要求严格 6. be strict in sth. 对某事要要求严格7. leave sth sp. 把某物忘在某地8. keep + 宾语+形容词 使保持某种状态9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事【典句必背】1. Dont arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。2. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？3. And we always have to wear the school uniform. 并且我们总是不得不穿校服。4.
5、There are too many rules! 有太多的规则！5. Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短发。三、知识讲解知识点1：单元知识梳理 1. 有关规定的表达：1) 祈使句： Do sth. Dont do sth. 2)Can we eat in class?2. 短语荟萃： eat in the dining hall be quiet in the library listen to music make the bed le
6、ave sth. +地点 after school make rules follow sb.知识点2 重点知识精讲1. school rule/ school rules校规 如：We must obey school rule. 我们必须遵守校规。【考查点】 Obey/follow the school rules 遵守校规 Break rules 违反校规A school rule 学校规定2. arrive vi.【考查点】一 arrive是不及物动词，表示“到达、抵达某地（尤指行程的终 点），后常接介词at 或in，一般in接大地方，at 接小地方，若是地点副词， 则不需用介词。如：
7、Do you know what time the plane arrive in Moscow？ 你知道飞机什么时候抵达莫斯科？ They arrived at the station at 8 this morning. 他们今天早晨八点到达车站的。【考查点】二 一般来讲reach = arrive in/at=get to 如 ：Mr Green arrived in /got to/reached Wuhan last night. 格林先生昨晚抵达武汉。3. fight. vi. 打架；与打仗。【考查点】一fight against /with打架/ 与作战 如：Dont fight
8、 with him【考查点】二fight for 为而战 如：They are fighting for freedom.4. 辨析on time; in time【考查点】on time 按时in time 及时 如：He always go to school on Fireman reached the house on fire in time.5. hear、listen和sound【考查点】hear 强调听的结果，意为 “听见” listen强调听的动作,sound+ 形容词如： Im sorry to hear that you are ill.Listen to me care
9、fully.That sounds great. 6. 辨析take, bring【考查点】take 强调“由近及远”，为“带走”, bring强调“由远及近”，意为“带来” 如： Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?Bring your homework here tomorrow, please.7. strict adj. 严格的；绝对的strict是形容词，意为 “严格的” “严厉的”【考查点】通常与be动词连用。be strict in对某事要求严格be strict with对某人要求严格 如：Studentssho
10、uldbestrictintheirsubjects.学生们应该严格对待自己的课程。 Oneshouldbestrictwithoneself一个人应该对自己严格要求。8. too many ,too much, much too 之区别【易错点】三者的意思都是“太多的”too many = many+可数名词复数；too much意思是“太多的”。too是用来加强much的，后加不可数名词；much too意思是“非常，太”。much是用来加强too的。后接形容词或副词。如： There are too many people in the park.公园里有太多的人There is too
11、 much water on the floor.地板上有很多水.Its much too hot.天太热知识点3：语法讲解与练习:祈使句1.【考查点】祈使句的定义及句式特征： 祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。它的特点是通常省略主语you, 以动词原形开头，末尾可用句号或感叹号。祈使句没有疑问句的形式，一般只有肯定和否定两种形式。例如：Go and wash your hands. (表命令) Be quite, please. （Please be quiet.）（表请求）Be kind to your sister.（表劝告） Watch your steps.
12、（表警告）No parking. (表禁止)2. 【考查点】祈使句的肯定形式（动词原形开头）1）以系动词be开头的祈使句，这种祈使句的常用结构：be+形容词 / 名词例如：Be quiet / quick! Be a good student!Be careful when crossing the street.2）以实义动词开头的祈使句，这种祈使句的常用结构为：动词原形+宾语（+其他）。例如：Come in, please！ Please open your books！Put them away!3）let型（Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）例如：Let him do it by hims
13、elf. Let me help you. Lets go to the park.3.【考查点】祈使句的否定形式（一般在动词上否定，也可以用否定副词（never）来表示）1）be型（Dont be +其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语）例如：Dont be careless! Never be late again next time! 【易错点】在这种句型中，be不能省略； 否定副词not不可置于be之后。2）do型（Dont +动词原形+其他） 例如：Dont believe him! Dont worry! Never do it again!3）Let引起的祈使句有两种否定形式 a.
14、Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他例如：Let her not do that. Lets not think about it. Its only a waste of time.b. Dont+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他例如：Dont let Jim do that. Dont let us go, please. 4) 在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No名词 / V-ing形式”结构，表示“禁止做某事”。例如：NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！No parking! 禁止停车！4. 【考查点】祈使句的反意问句 祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分,通
15、常有以下三种形式：1).祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用will you；表示邀请、劝说时，用wont you。例如：Be sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要给我们写信，好吗？ Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you?今晚来和我们一起吃饭，好吗？2).祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用will you。例如：Dont smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？3). Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Lets用shal
16、l we外，其它均用will you。例如：Let the boy go first, will you? 让个那男孩先走，好吗？ Lets take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？5.【考查点】祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或wont。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：1.形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与wont保持一致)2.意思相反(即Yes是 “不”的意思；No是 “是”的意思)。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。例如：- Dont go out,
17、 please. Its raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 - Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。6.【考查点】 祈使句与陈述句的并列使用祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连词and来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词or来连接。例如：Leave it with me and I will see what I can do. 把它留给我吧，我想想有没有办法。 Hurry
18、 up, or well be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。7.【考查点】 祈使句与条件状语从句的连用 祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。例如：Tell him to make a phone call to me if he comes here tomorrow. 如果他明天来这儿的话，叫他给我来个电话。8.【考查点】祈使句的强调形式祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。例如：Do shut up! 快住口！四、例题精析【例题1】_ carefully,or you are not able to_anythingA. Hear; liste
19、n B. Listen; hear C. Hear; listen D. Listen; listen【答案】B【解析】本题考查 listen 与hear用法。Listen强调听的动作，hear 强调听的结果，意为 “听见，listen强调听的动作,依据题意，故选B。【例题2】Write down the phone number, _ youll forget it.A. soB. andC. butD. Or【答案】D【解析】考查祈使句+ 连词+陈述句”的用法。句意：“写下电话号码，否则你会忘记的”。连词or表示为“否则”，其他不符合题意，故答案为D。【例题3】 _away this di
20、rty shirt and _me a clean one. A. Take; bring B. Take; take C. Bring; take D. Bring; bring【答案】A【解析】本题考查take与bring的用法。 take 强调“由近及远”，为“带走” ，bring强调“由远及近”，意为“带来” 依据题意，故选A。【例题4】 Must I finish my homework now? No, you _. You can go home now. A. neednt B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. cant 【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。以Must
21、I?开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用No, you neednt.，故选A。同步训练. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示补全单词。1. We must f_ the rules in the school.2. Today is my birthday. I f_ very happy.3. Dont stand o_! Come in, please!4. He is very lazy. Hes always l_ for school.5. Dont f_ with each other.6. When do you a_ at school? At half past seven.7. Can
22、 we l_ to the music?8. The room is very d_, so you must clean it.9. He has to do his homework b_ dinner.10. Do you do the d_ after dinner?. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. We have to _ (wear) uniforms to school every day. 2. Jim _ (have) to brush his teeth before going to bed.3. My mother often asks me to pract
23、ice_ (play) the violin.4. Dont _ (bring) music players to school.5. Dont be_( noise) in the library.6. Everyone feels_ (relax) when they listen to light music.7. The weather is _ (terrible) hot.8. Does Jack _ (do) his homework on time?9. She _ (not like) playing basketball.10. I have to _ (get up) a
24、t six oclock.选词填空。1. _ (Dont, Cant ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2. Its cold outside. I _ (must, have to) put on my coat.3. This is _ (quiet, quite) an interesting book.4. _ (Take, Bring) your sister here with you.5. Our teacher is very _ (strict with, strict in) us. 6. Dont make
25、so much _ (noise, noisy). Dad is sleeping in the next room.7. After dinner I cant _ (relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.8. She likes_ (dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.9. There is a new car _ (out, outside) the house.10. Speak loudly, please! I cant _ (hear, listen to) you clearly.综合能力测验一、单项选
26、择：1. We cant watch TV _ school nights.A. at B. on C. for D. in2. - _ you speak English? -Yes, I can. A. Do B. Are C. Can D. Did3. He practices _English every day. A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. to speak 4. I dont like this one, and I dont like that one, _. A. too B. either C. also D. besides5. Sh
27、e _ her sunglasses on the desk yesterday，but she cant find _today.A. puts, it B. putting, them C. put, them D. putted, it6. Please _ it like that, Jim. A. dont B. dont do C. does D. doesnt7. There are _ rules in our class. A. many too B. too much C. much too D. too many 8_ late. Its your first day t
28、o work. A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Dont D. No9. -Does Linda _ to go to school on weekends? -No, she _.A. have; dont B. has; doesnt C. have; doesnt D. has; dont10. I go to school _seven thirty _the morning.A. at ;in B. on; at C. in; on D. at; on11. _talk loudly _listen to the music in the library.A.
29、 Dont; and B. Dont; or C. Do，and D. Do; or12. He cant go out at night. _cant he do? A. What else B. What other C. What else things D. Something else13. My father is busy with his work, and he never has _time for movies. A. some B. a lot C. any D. many14. I have many books. Each of _ _ interesting. A
30、. them, are B. their, is C. books , is D. them ,is15. He has a lot of housework to do, so he has to _. A. be at home B. at home C. home D. be out16. He likes to wear _ uniform but I dont. A. an B./ C. a D. those17. - Please call me when you _. - No problems. A. arrive B. get to C. reach D. arrive in
31、18. The test is coming, but she _ study hard. A. must to B. have to C. must D. had to19. Two days ago, we _the old woman _the house. A .helped, clean B. helped, cleaned C. helps, cleans D. helped, cleans20.-How long did he spend _ the piano? - Two hours. A. played B. playing C. plays D. played二完形填空：
32、 21 to study better? Take the following advice:Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week time, you should make a list of things you have to do._22_write down the time for eating, sleeping, dressing and so on. Then choose(选择) a good time to _23_. Of course, studying shouldnt take all of your
33、time. Dont forget to leave yourself enough time for hobbies.Find a good place to study. Look around the house_24_ a good study place. Keep this space. It may be a desk or just a corner of your room. No games, radio, _25_television! When you sit down, think only_26_the subject!Make good use of your t
34、ime in_27_. Listen carefully to what the teacher says. More careful listening in class means less work_28_. You _29_ have to take notes in class, because it will be easier for you to study _30_.21. A. Why B. How C. What D. When22. A One B The one C First D The first23. A study B studied C to study D
35、 studies24. A at B around C up D for25. A and B but C or D to26 .A for B about C in D on27. A class B school C home D classroom28. A late B later C now D then29.A too B else C either D also30. good B bad C well D best三、看图填词： To be a good driver and drive safely, you must remember the following thing
36、s:1). _46_use phones while driving. You cant tell clearly how fast youre driving when making a phone call.2). Stop driving when you feel _47_and want to sleep. You may hurt yourself or other people.3). Dont play _48_children in the car. You have to always see the road in front of you.4). You cant_49_ wine(酒) if you need to drive. It is very _50_ when the driver gets drunk(喝醉).课程小结 本节课主要围绕第四单元知识点展开，重点内容为课本语言点、祈使句、情态动词have to ,must的基本用法。通过讲、练、测结合，使学生掌握其基本用法，并重点强调了考点和易错点，使学生能够灵活使用该知识点，从而全面提升了其英语语言应用能力。