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1、高考复习英语教案专题十五 情景交际【专题要点】情景交际考点概览：1功能意念部分包括：问候，介绍，告别，感谢和应答，祝愿、祝贺和应答，邀请和应答，提供（帮助等）和应答，约会，意原和希望，请求、允许和应答；同意和不同意，喜好和厌恶，决断和坚持，判断和意见，职责，能力，偏爱，责备和抱怨，肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，可能和不可能，预见、猜测和相信，请求，劝告和建议，许诺，提醒，表示焦虑，表示惊奇，表示喜悦等三十余项。2情景场所部分：包括谈论天气，购物，问路和应答，问时间、日期和应答，就餐，打电话，传递信息，看病，求救，语言困难，标志和说明等十余项。【考纲要求】高考英语测试定位为语言交际能力测试，语言必须
2、放在实际的、并尽可能不同的情景中运用；语言必须适合具体的交际行为；考查的焦点在于是否达到交际目的；语言交际行为除了需要语言能力外，还需要一些其他的能力，因此考纲要求考生必须熟练掌握常见功能意念和情景场景的表达法，能用地道的英语去交流。【教法指引】培养交际能力是英语教学的目的，也是英语考试的目标。情景交际属“语言功能和话题”考核项目，分析近五年来的高考试题，高考情景对话比重加大。近年来高考英语知识运用题逐渐加大了交际英语中情景对话的比重，能较全面考查学生利用英语进行交际的能力，并考查学生对讲英语国家的社会文化背景的了解情况。高考英语试题中，单项选择题越来越注重对情景交流用语的考查，越发强调对交流
3、能力的测试。情景会话用语主要考查教学大纲中所规定的常用会话套语。考查的方式以应答为主，提问为辅;以中英文化差异明显的语言交流项目为重点考查对象，该类试题体现了以情景为条件，以对话为主要表达形式，而且既短小又灵活，前言后语连接紧凑，答语多呈现省略等特点，这就增加了答案的隐蔽性，给考生的选择带来了一定的难度；众所周知，历届高考英语科试题的命制都要遵循稳定性和连续性的原则，英语知识运用的命制原则为：1、语言必须放在实际的并尽可能不同的情景中运用；2、 语言必须适合具体的交际行为；3、考核的焦点在于是否达到交际的目的；4、语言交际行为除了需要语言能力外，还需要文化等其他的能力；从这些命题原则我们可以看
4、出全国各地的高考英语遵循了以上原则的。英语的交际性和实用性是高考考查的热点和难点，因此教师在引导学生复习备考中，应该把英语的交际性作为备考的重点，因此，高考英语备考既要掌握词汇、语法和阅读等方面的相应知识，更要在理解特定的语言情景下如何恰当地使用地道的英语表达习惯来交流思想、传递信息， 教师要求考生应特别注意对中西方文化知识的了解，通过与中国文化的对照，积累认识，养成用地道的英语对生活中各种常见问题进行提问和作答的交际习惯，所以我们必须加大对交际用语中的情景对话的研究，以期做到游刃有余。 【知识网络】 情景交际的用法1.问候： A:Good morning/afternoon/evening.
5、 Hello/Hi. How do you do ? Nice to meet you. B:回答相同 A:How are you? B:Fine, thank you.And you? Very well,thank you. 2.介绍： This is Mr/Mrs/Miss. Id like you to meet my parents. My name is.Im a student. 3.告别 A:Goodbye.See you later/tomorrow. Good night.B:回答相同4.感谢和应答 表示感谢 通常回答 Thank you very much. Not at
6、 all. Thanks a lot. Thats OK. Many thanks. Thats all right. Thanks for helping me. Youre welcome. 5.祝愿、祝贺和应答 A:Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice/good time/journey. Congratulations! B:Thank you.A:Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! B:The same to you. A:Happy birthday to you. B:Thank you. 6.道歉和应
7、答 A:Im sorry.Im sorry to trouble you. B:It doesnt matter. Its not important. Thats nothing. 7.遗憾和同情 What a pity!Im sorry to hear that. 8.邀请和应答 A:Would you like to ? B:Yes, Id love to. 9.提供帮助和应答 A:Can I help you?=What can I do for you?Here, take this/my bike.Let me do it for you.B:Thanks for your hel
8、p. Yes, please. No, thanks.Thats very kind of you. 10.请求允许 A:May I.? Can I/Could I.? B:Yes/Certainly/Of course. Yes, do please. OK/All right. A:Do you mind if I open the window? B:No, not at all. 或Never mind. 11.表示同意和不同意 (1):Certainly/Sure/Of course.Yes, please. Yes, I think so. All right/OK. Thats
9、a good idea. I agree with you. (2):No, I dont think so. Im afraid not. I really cant agree with you. 12.表示肯定和不肯定 1: Im sure. Im sure that. 2: Im not sure. Im not sure whether/if. Maybe. 13.喜欢和厌恶 1: I like /love.(very much) I like /love to. 2: I dont like to. I hate to . 14. 问时间、日期的应答 A:What day is i
10、t? B:Its Monday.A:Whats the date?B:Its Jan. 10th.A:Whats the time,please? B:Its five oclock/half past five. Its time to . 15.请求 (1): Can/could you.for me? Will/would you please do sth.? May I have.? (2): Please give/pass me. Please16. 打电话：This is(speaking). 我是（一般不说I am）It is here. 我是May I speak to ,
11、 please? 请找接电话好吗？Can I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗？Could I speak to , please? 请找接电话好吗？Id like to speak to, please. 请找接电话好吗？Whos that (speaking / calling)? 你是谁？（不说Who are you?）Is that (speaking)? 你是吗？Is there? 在吗？Isin? 在吗？Hold on, please. 请稍等。Hold the line, please.请稍等。Can I take a message? 你可以留个口信吗？（对
12、方要找的人不在时）Can you give/ leave a message? 你可以留个口信吗？（对方要找的人不在时）Can/Could I ask who is calling? 请问您是哪位？May I have your telephone number? 您的电话号码是多少？17. 购物：What can I do for you?您要买点什么？Can I help you?您要买点什么？Whats the price of ?的价钱是多少？How much is? 多少钱？Its well worth the money. 很合算。Have you got anything a l
13、ittle cheaper? 有没有比这便宜点的？How much does it come to? 总共多少钱？How much is it altogether? 总共多少钱？Try it for size. 试试大小。Will you show me? 请拿给我看？Have you got any? 你们有吗？Its a bit too large (small, plain. gaudy etc.) for me. Thats fine. Ill take it. 那好，我买了。Thats too expensive, Im afraid. 恐怕那太贵了。What colour do
14、you want? 你要什么颜色？What size do you want? 你要什么尺寸的？Do you have any other kind? 你们有别的种类吗？Id like我要I want我要18. 问路和应答：Excuse me. Wheres ? 劳驾，在什么地方？Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to? 劳驾，你能告诉我去的路吗？How can I get to? 我怎样去？Go down this street. 顺着这条街走。Turn right at the first crossing. 在第一个十字路口向右拐。Turn left
15、at the second crossing. 在第二个十字路口向左拐。Its aboutmetres from here. 离这里大约有米。Its only a ten-minute walk from here. 走十分钟就到了。Go straight ahead till you see 一直往前走直到你看见19. 问时间、日期和应答：What day is it today? 今天星期几？Whats the date today? 今天是几月几号？What time is it? 几点了？Whats the time, please? 请问现在是什么时间了？Excuse me. Wha
16、t time is it by your watch? 劳驾，你的表几点了？Its Monday/ Tuesday, etc. 今天是星期一/星期二等。Its time for是的时候了。Its time to是的时候了。Its three oclock. 现在是三点。Its half past three. 现在是三点半。Its three thirty. 现在是三点半。Its a quarter to three. 现在是差一刻三点。20. 就餐：What would you like (to have)? 你想要吃什么？Would you like something to eat? 你
17、想吃什么吗？Would you like something to drink? 你想喝什么吗？Id like我想要Would you like some more? 你想再来点儿吗？Make yourself at home. 请随便吃，别客气。Its nice/ delicious/ unusual. 味道很好/ 很美味/ 很有特色。Help yourself to请随便吃Just a little, please. 请给我一点。Im full, thank you. 我吃饱了，谢谢。No more, thank you.够了，谢谢。No, thank you. 不要了，谢谢。Do you
18、 take salt, or pepper? 你要盐还是胡椒？No, I enjoyed it very much, but I wont have any more. 不，我很喜欢，可是我再也吃不下了。 看病：21.看病，医生用语：Whats wrong with you? =Whats the matter with you? =Whats your trouble? 你怎么了？Is there anything wrong with you? 你怎么了？Let me examine you. 我来给你检查一下。Does it hurt here? 这儿疼吗？Take it easy. I
19、ts nothing serious. 别着急，没什么严重的。Youd better have a good rest. 你最好休息一下。Take this medicine three times a day. 这药一天服三次。I advise you to give up smoking and not to drink too much. 我建议你戒烟，别喝太Youll have to have an X-ray/CT examination. 你得做一下X光/CT检查。Youll have to have chemical examination. 你得做一下化验。You need h
20、ave an injection.你需要打针。Youll be well/ all right soon. 你很快就会好的。病人用语：I have got a pain here. This place hurts. 我这儿疼。There is something wrong with my back/ leg/ arm. 我的背/ 腿/ 胳膊疼。Ive got a cough/ headache/ toothache/ stomachache/ fever.我咳嗽/ 头疼/ 牙疼/ 胃疼/发烧。I feel bad/ terrible/ sick today. 我今天觉得不舒服。I dont
21、 feel well/ all right today. 我今天感到不舒服。Do I have to stay in hospital? 我必须得住院吗？22. 谈论天气Whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎样？How is the weather in? 的天气如何？Whats the weather going to be like at the weekend? 周末的天气如何？Its fine. 天晴。Its cloudy. 天阴。Its windy.有风。Its rainy.有雨。Its rather warm today, isnt it? 今天很暖
22、和，是不是？ 语言困难：Pardon? 请再说一遍？Please say that again. 请再说一遍。Please say that more slowly. 请再说慢一点。Would you please say that again? 请你再说一遍好吗？Would you please say that more slowly? 请你再说慢一点好吗？What do you mean by? 是什么意思？Im sorry I cant follow you. 对不起，我听不懂你的意思。Im sorry I know only a little English. 对不起，我只懂一点英语
23、。23. 祝酒用语：Lets drink to让我们为干杯。I now propose a toast to我提议为干杯。Id like to propose a toast to我提议为干杯。cheers 干杯20劝告和建议I think you ought to我想你应该If I were you, Id如果我是你，我会It might be a good idea if you如果你这倒是个好主意。Have you ever thought of? 你是否想过要？I recommend that我建议I strongly advise you to我极力主张你You really oug
24、ht to你的确应该Personally, I think youd better依我看，你最好Why not do? 为什么不？Why dont you do? 你为什么不？I suggest that我建议What about doing? 怎么样？How about doing? 怎么样？Shall we? 我们去好吗？Lets, shall we? 让我们去好吗？You need (to)你需要21禁止和警告You cant你不能You mustnt你不能Youd better not你最好不Dont不要Take care! 当心！Be careful! 当心！Look out! 当心！If you, you will如果你，你将You are not allowed to不允许你- 5 -