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1、 Unit 5 First aidI单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. hurt/injure/harm/wound 2. cause/excuse/reason 3. electric/electrical 4. 4. jewelry/jewel词形变化1. bleed v. 使出血, 放血blood n. 血, 血液, 血统bloody adj. 有血的,2. mild adj. 温和的, 温柔的mildly adv. 温和地, 适度地3.treat v. 视为, 对待, 治疗treatment n. 待遇, 对待, 处理, 治疗4. pressure n.
2、压, 压力,压迫press v. 压, 压迫5.bravery n勇敢brave n. 勇敢的重点单词1. aid n.&vt.帮助；援助；资助2. tissue n.生组织,3. squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；挤；压榨4. present vt.给；介绍；赠送；呈现5. authentic adj.真实的；真正的；可信的重点词组fall ill; in place; make a difference; put ones hands on重点句子There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he
3、 learned at school saved Ms. Slades life.重点语法省略(Ellipsis) (见语法专题)语言要点II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). Hurt / injure / harm / wound n.【解释】hurt 可指肉体和心理的疼痛，如强烈的剧痛的创伤，或别人的言行给某人的情感造成的伤害。injure 指物理伤害的总称。如造成容颜，机能的损害。harm 以抽象的伤害为主，通常造成伤害需要一个过程，如在人的心理，健康，权利或事业上的损害。（吸烟有害健康）wound 常指开放式的伤口（如刀，枪伤等）【练习】选择hurt/injure/ha
4、rm/wound 并用其适当的形式填空1） Smoking less wont _ you.2） In the war of Gaza area, many innocent children and women _ in the heads.3） I intended no _ to his feelings. 4） Many passengers were badly _ in the accident.5） He fell down and _ his arm.Keys: 1) harm 2) wounded 3) hurt 4) injured 5) hurt2). cause/exc
5、use/reason n.【解释】cause：指造成一种影响、结果或后果的原因或条件。（与of连用）excuse 强调为逃避或减轻责任而设法辩解而使用的借口，理由（与for连用）reason 是指解释某种效果的发生或性质的措辞（与for连用）【练习】选择cause/excuse 或reason，并用其适当的形式填空1) There was no obvious _ for the accident.2) Sometimes most students will make up a(n) _ for their absence.3) The _ she went to Guangzhou was
6、 the climate.4) Carelessness is the _ of his failure.Keys: 1) reason 2) excuse 3)reason 4)cause3) electric/electrical adj.【解释】electric 用于修饰需要用电来运转的设备或用于比喻“震惊”electrical 常用于表示与电气性质或科学相关【练习】选择electric或electrical 并用其适当的形式填空1) Many _ fans are required in such a large meeting room.2) The room became _ wi
7、th amazement.3) To be an _ engineer is the dream of many boys.Keys: 1) electric 2) electric 3) electrical4). jewelry/jewel n.【解释】jewelry 珠宝, 珠宝类的总称不可数名词jewel珠宝可数名词【练习】选择jewelry或jewel并用其适当的形式填空1) The _ of the rich were often kept in the bank.2) She locked her_ in the _ box.Keys: 1) jewels 2) jewels;
8、jewelryIII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）bleed v. 使出血, 放血blood n. 血, 血液, 血统bloody adj. 有血的,mild adj. 温和的, 温柔的mildly adv. 温和地, 适度地treat v. 视为, 对待, 治疗treatment n. 待遇, 对待, 处理, 治疗pressure n. 压, 压力,压迫press v. 压, 压迫bravery n勇敢brave n. 勇敢的【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) A person of hot _ is not afraid of _ in battle for
9、 the country.(blood)2) I was only _ interested in English when I took up it.(mild)3) people had to _ themselves in their own way, before they received the _ sent by the government.(treat)4) _ this button and the _ of the water will rise.(press)5) The _ boys were rewarded with medals for their _in We
10、nchan earthquake.keys: 1) blood; bleeding 2) mildly 3) treat; treatment 4) Press; pressure 5) brave; braveryIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. aid n.&vt.帮助；援助；资助典例 1) They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。2) They aided in solving the problem. 他们帮忙解决这个问题。3) A dictionary is an important aid for many language lea
11、rners.字典对于许多语言学习者来说是个很重要的工具。重点用法do/give/offer first aid进行急救aid sb. in (doing) sth.在方面帮助某人in aid of为了援助;作为援助之用with the aid of借助于, 通过.的帮助call in sbs aid请某人援助练习 汉译英 1) 老师借助电脑上课. _2) 他募资为了帮助穷人. _3) 她的亲戚帮助她继续她的学业._Keys:1) Teachers often give their lessons with the aid of computer. 2) He raised money in a
12、id of the poor.3) Her relatives aided her in study/to continue her study.2. tissue n.U(生理)组织; C纸巾,手巾纸典例 the muscular tissue肌肉组织a box of tissues 一盒纸巾Her whole story was a tissue of lies.她的整个故事是一套谎言。3. squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；挤；压榨典例 squeeze juice from an orange榨桔子汁squeeze oneself into a crowded bus挤入拥挤的公共汽车
13、squeeze through the crowd挤过人群练习 汉译英 1) 失散多时的母女挤过人群紧紧抱在一起。 _2) 小偷挤入拥挤的公共汽车寻找作案机会。_Keys: 1) The separated mother and daughter squeezed through the crowd and hugged together. 2)The thief squeezed himself into a bus to seek the chance of stealing. 4. present 1) vt.给；介绍；赠送；呈现 2) n.赠品, 礼物, 现在 3) adj.现在的,
14、出席的, 当面的典例 1) A series of famous plays will be present during the Spring Festival.春节期间将上演一系列好戏。2) Thirty guests were present at the ceremony. 有三十位客人出席这次典礼3) The guests present were very satisfied with the atmosphere of the party.到场的宾客都对晚会的气氛表示满意。4) Presents will be sent for customers along with the
15、electrical appliance.买家电付送礼物。重点用法present sth. to sb.把送给present sb. with sth.为某人颁发at present/at the present time现在,此刻for the present目前,暂时represent vt.表现, 描绘, 声称, 象征, 扮演, 再赠送, 再上演representation n. 表示法, 表现, 陈述,扮演representative n. 代表adj.典型的, 有代表性的练习 汉译英 1) 当航空员返回地面时，少先队员们为他们送上了鲜花。_2) 因为他出色的表现，他获得了一个金茶壶。
16、 _3) 资金暂时是足够的.Keys:1) The Young Pioneers presented their flowers to astronauts when they returned to the Earth. 2) He was presented with a gold teapot for his outstanding performance. 3) The fund is enough for the present.5. authentic adj.真实的；真正的；可信的典例 authentic news可靠的消息an authentic signature真实手迹签字
17、authentic document真实的文件练习 汉译英1)为解救其他人的性命， 他得寻找一个可靠的人将消息带出去。_2）使用信用卡时，人们需要亲笔签名。_Keys: 1) To save others lives, he had to look for an authentic person to send out the message. 2) People should sign down their authentic signature when using credit card.V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1fall ill生病(get ill, become i
18、ll)典例The rescue team worked day and night and many people fell ill at last.救援队伍不分白天黑夜地工作，结果许多人病倒了。The giant panda became ill because of the strange climate.由于奇异的气候，这只大熊猫病了。短语归纳fall为系动词,构成系表结构fall asleep 入睡 fall silent安静下来Get injured受伤 get married结婚 get dressed 穿衣练习 汉译英1）因为这个坏消息他病倒了。_2）他已经病了一周了。_Keys
19、: 1) He fell ill because of the bad news. 2) He has been ill for a week. 2. in place在适当的位置, 适当典例1) I like to have everything in place.我喜欢所有的东西都摆好。2) I thin its not quite in place to visit him at the moment.我觉得这个时候去看望他不妥当。短语归纳out of place不在适当的位置, 不合适in place of代替take the place of代替,取代练习 汉译英1) 在中国人们使用
20、筷子而不是刀叉。_2) 穿着正式的服装，我感到很不自在。_3) 洪水过后，汽车被冲得乱七八糟。_Keys: 1) Chopsticks take the place of knife and fork in China./ The Chinese use chopsticks in place of knife and fork. 2) Dressed in formal, I felt very out of place. 3) Cars were out of place after the flood.3. put ones hands on找到，得到某物典例1）After days o
21、f searching, he finally put his hands on his dying wife under the stones.经过多天寻找，他终于在乱石下找到了他的奄奄一息的妻子。2）In the dark night, he eventually put his hands on his glasses.在黑暗中，他终于摸到了他的眼镜。短语归纳lay/get ones hand on找到，得到某物练习 汉译英1）不断尝试,总有一天你能得到你想要的一切。_2）当孩子们想要得到糖果时，经常会哀求他们的家长。_Keys: 1) Keep trying and youll one
22、 day get your hand on what you want. 2)When children want to put their hands on candy, theyll always beg to their parents.4. make a difference (1)有很大差别, 有很大 不同 (2) 有很大的关系影响典例1) Whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.他是否能得到父母的支持对这个计划的影响很大。2) Does it any
23、difference whether hell attend the meeting?他出不出席会议有什么区别吗？短语归纳make a difference betweenand区别对待make some difference to对.有些关系make no difference to对.有些没有关系make all the difference关系重大, 大不相同练习 汉译英1) 这次旅行对他以后的人生很有影响。_2) 让警察知道一些证据关系重大。_Keys: 1) The travel made a difference to his later life. 2) It makes all
24、 the difference to inform the policemen of some evidenceVI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms.Slades life. 毫无疑问,正是约翰快捷的动作和他在中学所学的急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命.解释 There is no doubt that毫无疑问 There is some doubt whether是否,还有些疑问练习 汉译
25、英 1) 这个年轻人是否能担当此重任仍有疑问. _2)毫无疑问,证据是对我方有利._Keys:1) There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake such an important task. 2) There is no doubt that the evidence available is favorable for us.2. Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.不要擦拭，因为这样会擦破水泡，伤口会感染。解释
26、“get+过去分词”表被动典例1) In China, most workers get paid by month.在中国，大部分工人按月领公司。2) So, as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.因此，如你所想象的，如果你的皮肤被烧伤了，就会变得非常的严重。练习 汉译英 1) 别碰那滚烫的铁棍，否则你会被它的温度灼伤的。_2) 在足球比赛中，他的腿折了。_Keys: 1) Dont touch the hot stick, or youll get hurt by the high temp
27、erature. 2) His leg got broken in the football match.二、课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。 As everyone knows, the skin is 1 （必不可少的）to us. Our skins can sometimes 2 (burn) due to our 3 (粗心). Therefore, first aid shows its importance in the 4 （治疗） of burns. Generally spea
28、king, burns, 5 are caused by hot liquids, fire, radiation and so on, can be divided into three typesfirst degree, second degree and third degree 6 (depend) on the 7 (受伤的) layers of the skin. To minor burns, cool water proves to be helpful in 8 （stop）the burning process and preventing or reducing pai
29、ns. But 9 severe burns, get the 10 to the doctor immediately.答案：1. essential 2. be burned 3. carelessness 4. treatment 5. which three 6. depending 7. injured 8. stopping 9. to/ for 10. victim/patient 2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。 这篇短文告诉我们皮肤对于我们是至关重要的，当它被烧伤时，我们应该知道它是属于哪种
30、类型的烧伤和怎样进行急救。 The passage tells us that _答案：The passage tells us that the skin is essential to us and when it is burned, we should know which types of the burn is and how to carry out the first aid on it.3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1【原句】So, as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be ver
31、y serious. 模仿要点 句子结构：as 从句插入用法【模仿1】英语在我们的生活中起着很大的作用，因而，如我们所知，如果你想学好英语，你必须多多的实践。_答案：English plays an important part in our daily life. So, as we all know, if you intend to learn English well, you should do some more practice.【模仿2】词典在我们的英语学习中起着非常大的作用。因而，如我们所知，如果你有一本自己的词典，你就可以自己查询一些生词。_答案：Dictionary pl
32、ays an important role in our English study. So, as we all know, if you have a dictionary of you own, you can look up some new words in it on your own.2【原句】If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.模仿要点 句子结构：if possible 等插入用法【模仿1】如果你想提高英语，如果有可能的话，你每天要背诵10个句子或记住50个单词。_
33、答案：If you desire to improve your English, recite some 10 sentences every day or learn 50 words by hearty, if possible. 【模仿2】当你读英语书时，不要使用英语词典；当你在写英语时，如果有必要，你可以使用词典。_答案：When you read English books, dont use your dictionary and you can use it, if necessary, when you write English articles3【原句】Your skin
34、 also keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain; and it gives you your sense of touch. 模仿要点 用分号或逗号并列四个单句。【欣赏】太阳从山顶上的古堡后面落了下去。黑夜突然降临，河水的颜色也越变越深。从年深日久的堡垒窗口发出的灯光射在河面上闪闪抖动。对岸山脚下的村庄里也静静地闪烁着灯光。_答案：The sun sinks behind the great castle-crested（
35、装饰）mountains; the night falls suddenly; the river grows darker and darker; and lights quiver（抖动）in it from the windows in the old ramparts（壁垒）, and twinkle peacefully in the villages under the hills on the opposite shore. 三、单元自测 1.完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2130各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：221完成时间：
36、14分钟难度：*According to the World Health Organization, malaria(疟疾), a disease spread by mosquitoes, affects millions of people every year. Everyone knows how annoying the 21 made by a mosquito, followed by a painful reaction to its bite, can be. It is 22 that so little is known about mosquitoes, given
37、the level of pain and 23 caused by these insects. We know that the most 24 chemical for protecting people against mosquitoes is diethyltoluamide, commonly shortened to deet. Though deet works well, it has some serious 25 :it can damage clothes and some people are allergic to it.Scientists know that
38、mosquitoes find some people more attractive than others, but they do not know why. They also know that people 26 in their reactions to mosquito bites. One person has a painful swelling while another who is bitten by the same mosquito, may hardly notice. Scientists have not yet discovered the reason for this, but they have 27 experiments to show that mosquitoes are attract