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1、爱伦坡ToHelen赏析Edgar Allan PoeEdgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe was an American author,poet,editor and literary critic,considered part of the American Romantic Movement.Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre,Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is general
2、ly considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre.He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction.II.Major Works:Poetry:1 The Raven (1844)乌鸦乌鸦2 Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔丽安娜贝尔丽3 The Sleeper 睡美人4 A Dream Within a Dream 梦中梦5 Israfel伊斯拉菲尔6 The Bells 钟7 Sonnet To Science
3、十四行诗-致科学8 To Helen 献给海伦献给海伦9 The City in the Sea 海中的城市Short stories1 MS.Found in a Bottle(1833)瓶中手稿2 Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque (1839)荒诞奇异的故事3 The Murders in the Rue Morgue(1841)毛格街血案4 The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古屋的倒塌5 The Cask of Amontillado 一桶白葡萄酒6 Ligeia 丽姬娅7 The Purloined Let
4、ter 窃信案The bakeground information of the poemPoe wrote To Helen as a reflection on the beauty of Mrs.Jane Stith Stanard who died in 1824.She was the mother of one of Poes school classmates,who is said to have urged him to write poetry,and she was Poes frist real love.在中学在中学时代，代，爱伦.坡坡曾曾经热切地眷恋切地眷恋过一位同
5、学的母一位同学的母亲，一个温柔，一个温柔娴静、知静、知书达理的女人，而达理的女人，而这个女人在三个女人在三十一十一岁死于死于脑瘤，无疑瘤，无疑给爱伦坡幼小的心灵刻上了坡幼小的心灵刻上了终生生难愈的愈的创伤。To Helen Helen,thy beauty is to meLike those Nicean barks of yore,犹如尼西亚远古的帆船犹如尼西亚远古的帆船，海伦，你的美在我眼里海伦，你的美在我眼里 long agoHelen:海伦是海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿宙斯和勒达的女儿,是是希腊神话中的绝世美女，是希腊南希腊神话中的绝世美女，是希腊南部斯巴达国国王部斯巴达国国王 Menel
6、aus的妻子，的妻子，特洛伊的王子特洛伊的王子Paris贪恋她的美貌，贪恋她的美貌，在爱与美之神在爱与美之神Aphrodite的帮助下，的帮助下，把把Helen诱拐了。诱拐了。Menelaus当时出当时出远门了，回来得知后大怒，发誓要远门了，回来得知后大怒，发誓要血洗血洗Troy。就这样两国展开了十年。就这样两国展开了十年之久的战争，双方死伤无数，最后之久的战争，双方死伤无数，最后希腊采用了希腊采用了“木马计木马计”the Trojan Horse,战胜了战胜了Troy，杀死，杀死了了Paris，抢回了，抢回了Helen。Nican:尼西亚，小亚细亚旧都。尼西亚，小亚细亚旧都。barks:sm
7、all sailing vessels 帆船帆船 To HelenThe weary,way-worn wanderer boreThat gently,oer a perfumed sea,To his own native shore.在芬芳的海上慢慢行驶，在芬芳的海上慢慢行驶，载着疲惫的漫游者，载着疲惫的漫游者，驶向他的故土。驶向他的故土。To HelenOn desperate seas long wont to roam,Thy hyacinth hair,thy classic face,你美丽的头发，典雅的面容，你美丽的头发，典雅的面容，在漂泊已久，波涛汹涌的海上，在漂泊已久，波
8、涛汹涌的海上，violent,dangerouscurly,twistedaccustomedTo HelenThy Naiad airs have brought me home And the grandeur that was Rome.To the glory that was Greece,和罗马的辉煌。和罗马的辉煌。天仙般的神采，使我联想天仙般的神采，使我联想古希腊的荣光，古希腊的荣光，仙女仙女To HelenLo!in yon brilliant window-niche How statue-like I see thee stand,我看见你雕像般伫立，我看见你雕像般伫立，看
9、！那边明亮的窗户，看！那边明亮的窗户，lookyonder窗户窗户To HelenThe agate lamp within thy hand!Are Holy-Land!Ah,Psyche,from the regions which 玛瑙灯提在手里！玛瑙灯提在手里！哦，普塞克仙女，哦，普塞克仙女，你来自圣地！你来自圣地！玛瑙玛瑙 In classical legend Psyche,the lover of Cupid,was a woman so beautiful that thegoddess Venus was jealous of her.海伦，你的美貌于我海伦，你的美貌于我 似
10、古尼西亚人的远帆船，似古尼西亚人的远帆船，轻轻飘过芬芳的海面，轻轻飘过芬芳的海面，让旅途劳顿的游子，让旅途劳顿的游子，回到他故乡的岸边。回到他故乡的岸边。在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上，在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上，你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞，你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞，和尼厄神殿的风采已带我回家乡，和尼厄神殿的风采已带我回家乡，回到罗马曾经的伟大，回到罗马曾经的伟大，和希腊曾经的荣光。和希腊曾经的荣光。瞧！彼处辉煌龛盒里瞧！彼处辉煌龛盒里你，恰似雕像，伫立，你，恰似雕像，伫立，玛瑙灯儿手中提！玛瑙灯儿手中提！呵！赛琪，来自呵！赛琪，来自仙土圣地！仙土圣地！Stylistic Appreciat
11、ion1 1、rhymeschemerhymescheme韵律美韵律美整首整首诗大体遵循四步抑大体遵循四步抑扬格格律，一格格律，一反反传统诗歌五步抑歌五步抑扬格的格律，格的格律，读起来有起来有种种别样的美感。的美感。该诗的韵式的韵式ABABB,CDCDCABABB,CDCDC,EFFEF.,EFFEF.e.g.Ae.g.AmeCmeCroamEroamEnichenicheBByoreDyoreDfaceFfaceFstandstandAAseaCseaChomeFhomeFhandhandBBboreDboreDGreeceEGreeceEwhichwhichBBshoreCshoreCRo
12、meFRomeFandand第一第一诗节中押尾韵的中押尾韵的单词为me,yore,me,yore,sea,bore,shore;sea,bore,shore;第二第二节中中为roam,roam,face,home,Greece,Rome.face,home,Greece,Rome.2.thebeautyoffigureofspeech2.thebeautyoffigureofspeech修辞美修辞美1）alliteration首韵首韵 第一第一节中的中的Weary，way-worn，Wanderer,都是以都是以w开开头的的单词。诗人通人通过头韵将水手的疲韵将水手的疲惫形象活灵活形象活灵活现地
13、展地展现出来出来.第二第二节中的中的glory，Greece，grandeur;第三第三节中的中的Statue-like，stand等。等。2）simile明明喻 第一第一节第一句第一句“Thy beauty is to me like those Nicean barks of yore”海海伦的美有如往日尼西的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船的三桅船”，乍一看去，三桅船并非常，乍一看去，三桅船并非常见的美的的美的喻体，但在体，但在爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它在于它们都能将疲都能将疲惫的水手的水手带回家回家乡。第三第三节第二行第二行How statue-like I see
14、thee stand.4 4）synecdochesynecdoche提提喻在第二在第二节诗人以人以theglorythattheglorythatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwasRomewasRome这一古典美的典型部分用来一古典美的典型部分用来代表欧洲古典美代表欧洲古典美这一整体。一整体。3）pun双关双关第二第二节中中have brought me home则是是双关，既表示双关，既表示“把我把我带回家回家”，也表示深，也表示深层含含义“使我明白并感受到使我明白并感受到”。5）symbolism象征象征通通
15、过对希腊神希腊神话中两个青春中两个青春美美丽的神女的神女Helen和和Psyche的的顿呼，呼，讴歌了女性之美。希腊神歌了女性之美。希腊神话中，中，海海伦因其因其倾国国倾城之美而引起持城之美而引起持续十年的特洛伊十年的特洛伊战争，而争，而赛琪是美琪是美少年艾洛斯（丘比特）所少年艾洛斯（丘比特）所钟情的少情的少女，也是青春女，也是青春纯情少女的象征。作情少女的象征。作者借用者借用Helen和和Psyche这两个象征两个象征来影射其心目中所推崇的来影射其心目中所推崇的对象象Ms.Stanard，把，把倾国国倾城的古典美城的古典美神神Helen和和 Psyche作作为Ms.Stanard的化身，把的
16、化身，把对Ms.Stanard真真挚的的爱表表现得淋漓尽得淋漓尽致。致。3.thebeautyof3.thebeautyofimageimage意象美意象美爱伦坡大量的运用意象坡大量的运用意象（imageimage），即用具体的形象或画面），即用具体的形象或画面表达作者在理智和情感方面的体会。表达作者在理智和情感方面的体会。动觉意象（意象（kinaestheticimagekinaestheticimage）：）：本本诗第一第一节bore,bore,第二第二节的的roamroam都都给读者者强烈的跳烈的跳跃动感。感。视觉意象（意象（VisualimageVisualimage）：）：本本诗第二
17、第二节ThyhyacinthhairThyhyacinthhair，第三第三节的的brilliantwindow-nichebrilliantwindow-niche和和TheagatelampTheagatelamp直接作用于我直接作用于我们的的视觉。嗅嗅觉意象（意象（OlfactoryimageOlfactoryimage）：）：用用perfumedseaperfumedsea作用于我作用于我们的嗅的嗅觉。How does the poem illustrate Poes definition of poetry as“rhythmic creation of beauty”?As is
18、typical with many of Poes poems,the rhythm and rhyme scheme of To Helen is irregular but musical in sound.The poem consists of three stanzas of five lines each.The first stanza,which mainly describes the beautiful appearance of Helen,is ending up with the rhyme ABABB;as it goes to the second stanza,
19、in which we can see Greece and Rome,mainly illustrates the beauty inside and it ends up with the rhyme ABABA;as for the third stanza,Poe extend to another figure of beauty,Psyche,to express his pursuit of beauty.Poe uses soothing,positive words and rhythms to create a fitting tone and atmosphere for
20、 the poem.His concluding image is that of light,with a brilliant window niche and the agate lamp suggesting the glowing of the Holy Land,for which Helen is the beacon.Is Poes mind journey from Mrs.Stannard to Helen of Troy to ancient Greece and Rome meaningful?Its meaningful.As we know,Mrs.Stannard
21、is the original impetus,and in the poem,Poe uses the feeling about Helen of Troy to symbolize his affection to Mrs.Stannard,and to show his definition about the ideal beauty-this beauty is not just outside beauty.Here I think Greece and Rome is an important part of the poem,because Greece and Rome m
22、eans soul,the spiritual beauty,without it,the poem cannot fully express Poes feeling.Do you see any words and phrases that give the poem its unreal atmosphere?The agate lamp within thy hand gives the poem its unreal atmosphere.Psyche was a beautiful girl beloved by Cupid,but she was not allowed to s
23、ee her husbands outlook.Since her curiosity,she raised a lamp to see what her husband looks like,unfortunately,Cupid was wakened by lamp-oil,thus,Psyche lost her husband.Here Poe use this image to show his love to Mrs.Stannard cannot come true.此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢