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1、如何成为好的演讲者 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望How to Become A Good SpeakerKai-Fu LeeCorporate Vice PresidentMicrosoft CorporationWhy Be a Good Speaker?“The man who can think and does not know how to express what he thinks is at the level of him wh
2、o cannot think.”PericlesNot just“presentation”,but also“persuasion”Get peoples“mindshare”Influence a friend,colleague,or bossTell people what you did,and why it mattersLearn Speaking SkillsWhat Youll Learn Today:Develop Key PointOrganize StoryDesign GraphicsPractice TalkQ&ADeliveryLearn Speaking Ski
3、llsFirst Topic:Learn Speaking SkillsDevelop Key PointOrganize StoryDesign GraphicsPractice TalkQ&ADeliveryWhat Are Speaking Skills?Verbal(words spoken)(words spoken)Vocal(tone,range,appeal,credibility of voice)(tone,range,appeal,credibility of voice)Visual(physical appearance,gestures,eye contact)(p
4、hysical appearance,gestures,eye contact)7%38%55%Delivery SkillsCan be learnedMost Important:Enthusiasm“There is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly There is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly excited on the subject,and 99 percent of the faults of your excited on the subject,and
5、99 percent of the faults of your speaking will disappear.”speaking will disappear.”Robert Montgomery Robert Montgomery Dont accept a talk without enthusiasm Could be from interest,experience,environmentExample:Martin Luther KingI have a dream I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up;that
6、 one day this nation will rise up;live out the true meaning to its creed.live out the true meaning to its creed.We hold these truths to be self-evidentWe hold these truths to be self-evidentthat all men are created equal.that all men are created equal.Not how loud,but how sincereVerbal Skills Be Sim
7、ple&ClearBe simple and clear!Dont ramble Dont ramble Stop to think if you need toStop to think if you need toExample one:Dan Quayle celebrates democracyExample one:Dan Quayle celebrates democracyExample two:Dan Quayle trying to say Example two:Dan Quayle trying to say“A mind is a terrible thing to w
8、aste”“A mind is a terrible thing to waste”Verbal Skills Use simple wordsSpeaking is not like writing!Use simple wordsUse simple wordsDont use complex sentencesDont use complex sentencesCan you understand this:Can you understand this:Text:The development of this frightful means of The development of
9、this frightful means of destruction was ardently demanded by the perils of destruction was ardently demanded by the perils of the time and situation.Simultaneously,however,a the time and situation.Simultaneously,however,a new paradoxical situation has been.is upon us new paradoxical situation has be
10、en.is upon us continually.One cannot defend oneself effectively continually.One cannot defend oneself effectively any more.any more.-Albert Einstein-Albert EinsteinVocal Skills:Play your voiceProject&resonate your voiceNo“UM”s and“ER”s.(Pause instead)Tools:silence,loudness,intonation,speed“You are r
11、ight.I am wrong.”“You are right.I am wrong.”Stalin to Trotsky Stalin to Trotsky“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.”what you can do for your country.”-John F.Kennedy-John F.Kennedy“I“I welcomewelcome this kind of
12、 examination,because this kind of examination,because people have to people have to knowknow whether their president is a whether their president is a crookcrook.Well,Im not a crook.”.Well,Im not a crook.”-Richard M.Nixon-Richard M.NixonDont overdo it!Vocal+Verbal:Words+IntonationJohn Kennedy:“You n
13、eed to contribute to your country”“You need to contribute to your country”“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country”.you can do for your country”.Quayle vs.Benson Debate:Quayle:Quayle:I have as much experience in
14、the Congress I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency.as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency.Answer 1:Answer 1:“Jack Kennedy is better than you.”“Jack Kennedy is better than you.”Answer 2:Answer 2:Senator,I served with Jack Kennedy.Senato
15、r,I served with Jack Kennedy.I knew Jack Kennedy.I knew Jack Kennedy.Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine.Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine.Senator,youre no Jack Kennedy.“Senator,youre no Jack Kennedy.“Visual SkillsUS Election 1960 was won on visual skills Components of Visual Skills:EyesEyesBodyBodyHa
16、ndsHandsFaceFaceVisual Skills EyesLook forward at audience(trust)Dont shift eyeballs;dont look in cornerDont shift eyeballs;dont look in cornerDont look too much at computer screen or notesDont look too much at computer screen or notesLook at peoples faces(not eyes)3-6 seconds per person3-6 seconds
17、per personShift randomlyShift randomlyNod,smile,use facial expressionNod,smile,use facial expressionVisual Skills BodyStand up when talkingWalk around=informalDont:Rock,shakeRock,shakeLean too muchLean too muchVisual Skills HandsGesture complements talkShould come naturally,without thinkingShould co
18、me naturally,without thinkingMake sure they match!Make sure they match!Need to exaggerate a littleEspecially with large audienceEspecially with large audienceDont fidget or put in pocketVideotape whole talk&watchCan improve hand gesturing!Can improve hand gesturing!Visual Skills FaceShow emotion!Mos
19、t of the time:“I care a lot about this.”“I care a lot about this.”“I really believe in this.”“I really believe in this.”“I love my work.”“I love my work.”Sometimes(in response to questions).“This is the most outrageous thing Ive ever heard.”“This is the most outrageous thing Ive ever heard.”“I will
20、have nothing to do with this.”“I will have nothing to do with this.”Learn Speaking SkillsNext Topic:Develop the talkDevelop Key PointOrganize StoryDesign GraphicsPractice TalkQ&ADeliveryThe Key Point:the Goal of the TalkThe ONE clear walk-away message.The answer to the question:“How was the talk?”Th
21、e answer to the question:“How was the talk?”The one thing people remember in 3 monthsThe one thing people remember in 3 monthsThe Origin PointThe Origin Point(Where the audience was)(Where the audience was)The Key PointThe Key Point(Where you took them)(Where you took them)PersuasionMust Have Audien
22、ce BenefitPut audience needs at heart“Whats in it for you?”“Whats in it for you?”Has to be their reason,not yoursHas to be their reason,not yoursMust consider feeling,not just reactionMust consider feeling,not just reactionMust have right“you”Must have right“you”Good phrases to know:“This is importa
23、nt to you because”“This is important to you because”“Why am I telling you this?Because”“Why am I telling you this?Because”“What does this mean for you?Let me tell you”“What does this mean for you?Let me tell you”Know your audienceExperience,knowledge,attitudeExperience,knowledge,attitudeLearn Speaki
24、ng SkillsNext Topic:Develop Key PointOrganize StoryDesign GraphicsPractice TalkQ&ADeliveryOrganizing the StoryYoure the salesmanFirst lesson for salesmen:Tell them what youre going to saySay itTell them what you saidOpeningBodyEndingThe OpeningYou never get a second chance to make a first impression
25、You never get a second chance to make a first impressionJerry WeissmanJerry WeissmanThe openingA questionA questionFactoidFactoidAnecdoteAnecdoteQuotationQuotationAnalogyAnalogyJoke(make it relevant!)Joke(make it relevant!)Customize the openingLead to the Key PointGive a(very short)outline/overviewT
26、he BodyBrainstorming into data dumpConnect the ideas into“main themes”Connect the teams using one logic flowReady to write the slides?DONT!Data DumpKey point“How was the talk?Remember in 3 monthsWhats in it for you?Right youAudience benefitAudience feelingGood phrases to use3-step salesmanOpeningJok
27、eRelevantQuoteAnalogyData dumpbrainstormingConnect to main themesClustersResearch backgroundTransitionsRepeat KPIssue/ActionProblem/SolutionFeature BenefitChronologicalFlowForm/FunctionOpportunity/LeverageEverything a good ideamain themesEnding&Main ThemesThe FlowPossible flows:Possible flows:Convin
28、cing logic&orderConvincing logic&orderSmooth transitionsSmooth transitionsKeep repeating the Key Point!Keep repeating the Key Point!SpatialSpatialNumericalNumericalChronologicalChronologicalCompare/ContrastCompare/ContrastProblem/SolutionProblem/SolutionFeature/BenefitFeature/Benefit(See“Presenting
29、to Win”by Jerry Weissman for more examples)(See“Presenting to Win”by Jerry Weissman for more examples)The EndingEnd with a BANG!“Tonight,we are a country awakened to danger“Tonight,we are a country awakened to danger and called to defend freedom.Our grief has and called to defend freedom.Our grief h
30、as turned to anger,and anger to resolution.Whether turned to anger,and anger to resolution.Whether we bring our enemies to justice or bring justice to we bring our enemies to justice or bring justice to our enemies,justice will be served.”our enemies,justice will be served.”George W.BushGeorge W.Bus
31、hRepeat the Key Point“If you remember only one thing from this talk,“If you remember only one thing from this talk,then you should remember XXX”then you should remember XXX”Say thank youReview of Organizing Your StoryOpening Key PointClosing Key PointFlow Main ThemesTheme 1Issue ActionTheme 2Issue A
32、ction Data Dump Main ThemesBody(Repeat Key Point)Tell them what youre going to saySay itTell them what you saidLearn Speaking SkillsNext Topic:Develop Key PointOrganize StoryDesign GraphicsPractice TalkQ&ADeliveryDesign GraphicsPowerPoint only supports your talkSpend more time on organization&delive
33、ry!Spend more time on organization&delivery!Design principlesKeep it simpleKeep it simpleApply psychologyApply psychologyMake it easy to followMake it easy to followMake it attractiveMake it attractiveYour titles should tell your storyYour titles should tell your storyWhy“Keep It Simple”?Aim to deve
34、lop a consistent style,using the standard stylesheet whenever possible.One concept per slide.The font that is being used should be very large24 point or larger24 point or larger.I will now use smaller fonts to prove to you that it is a major strain to your eyes.I will now use smaller fonts to prove
35、to you that it is a major strain to your eyes to read small fonts.to read small fonts.The color of the font and the background should be in sharp contrast.If one is light,then the other should be dark.Otherwise it will be very hard to read.The use of bullets should be simple.Too many bullets distrac
36、ts the user from listening to you.3 big sub-ideas3 big sub-ideas(or bullets)is the most you should have.(or bullets)is the most you should have.The entire slide should have fewer than 8 bullets and sub-bullets.The entire slide should have fewer than 8 bullets and sub-bullets.I will add a few more bu
37、llets to show this is not a good ideaAnd one moreAnd one more Keep the language used simple,so that the user doesnt have to“think”to understand your point.Each bullet should fit in one lineEach bullet should fit in one line,because the idea of a bullet is to,because the idea of a bullet is to convey
38、 idea,headline,and server as a reminder(or cue)for you to convey idea,headline,and server as a reminder(or cue)for you to describe and amplify.describe and amplify.Parallel wordingParallel wording means the bullets are roughly parallel,and means the bullets are roughly parallel,and contain similar g
39、rammatical constructs.This can save the user a contain similar grammatical constructs.This can save the user a lot of time trying to“understand”what you said.lot of time trying to“understand”what you said.Keep It SimpleConsistent lookOne concept per slideReadable20 point20 pointAvoid abbreviationAvo
40、id abbreviationUse shadow outline fontsUse shadow outline fontsContrast font&backgroundContrast font&backgroundDont leave too much blank spaceKeep It Simple:BulletsHeadline,not sentenceReminder for youReminder for youConcise4 top-level bullets4 top-level bullets10 total bullets&sub-bullets10 total b
41、ullets&sub-bulletsSimple languageOne line per bulletOne line per bulletParallel wordingParallel wordingWhats wrong with this?A good speechClear pointClear pointUnderstands what audience wantsUnderstands what audience wantsOrganization based on logicOrganization based on logicPowerful openingPowerful
42、 openingEnding that people rememberEnding that people rememberInstead,do this.A good speechClear pointClear pointAppealing audience benefitAppealing audience benefitLogical flowLogical flowPowerful openingPowerful openingStrong closeStrong closeApply Psychology to DesignDont fight natural eye moveme
43、ntsMove left to rightMove left to rightReturn to upper left cornerReturn to upper left cornerSweep to lower right cornerSweep to lower right cornerSubliminal hintsGraphics to match your key pointGraphics to match your key pointAnticipationAnticipationRequirementRequirementFast speedFast speedLow cos
44、tLow costEasy to useEasy to useOur SolutionOur SolutionApply Psychology to DesignDont fight natural eye movementsMove left to rightMove left to rightReturn to upper left cornerReturn to upper left cornerSweep to lower right cornerSweep to lower right cornerSubliminal hintsGraphics to match your key
45、pointGraphics to match your key pointAnticipationAnticipationAvoid bad signsAvoid bad signsWhats Wrong With This?Great financial results-Revenue reached$1,000,000-Growth passed 20%-Profit exceeded$200,000Instead,do thisGreat financial resultsRevenue reached$1,000,000Revenue reached$1,000,000Growth p
46、assed 20%Growth passed 20%Profit exceeded$200,000Profit exceeded$200,000Whats Wrong With This?RevenueInstead,do thisRevenueMake it Easy to FollowUse outlineHighlight upcoming sectionHighlight upcoming sectionUse buildsRemind where you areRemind where you areGeneral goal:Dont make the audience thinkD
47、ont make the audience think(Other than what youre saying)(Other than what youre saying)Make It Attractive20 hours on preparation10 hours on practiceWhy not spend 1 hour on attractive design?Instead of doing thisCostSatisfactionProductivityRevenueWhy not do thisInstead of doing thisBill GatesBrillian
48、t TechnologistBrilliant TechnologistSteve BallmerPowerful SalesmanPowerful SalesmanSteve JobsPassionate EvangelistPassionate EvangelistLou GerstnerLogical BusinessmanLogical BusinessmanWhy not do thisBill GatesSteve BallmerSteve JobsLou GerstnerBrilliant technologistPowerful salesmanPassionate evang
49、elistLogical BusinessmanYour Titles Should Tell the StoryBody&handsBody&handsEyesEyesVisual skillsVisual skillsPlay your voicePlay your voiceEnthusiasmEnthusiasmVocal skills:Vocal skills:Simple&ClearSimple&ClearVerbal skillsVerbal skillsWhat are speaking skills?What are speaking skills?Speaking skil
50、ls are importantSpeaking skills are important Learn speaking skillsLearn speaking skillsWhat youll learn todayWhat youll learn todayWhy be a good speaker?Why be a good speaker?Use simple wordsUse simple wordsWords+intonation Words+intonation“The man who can think and does not know how to express wha